Fog Computing Reality Check: Real World Applications and Architectures

Fog
Compu)ng
Reality
Check:

Real
World
Applica)ons
and
Architectures

Biren
Gandhi

Principal
Strategist

Corporate
Strategic
Innova)on
Group,
Cisco

@birengandhi
/in/birengandhi

Abstract:

The
IoT
is
ﬂooded
with
a
variety
of
plaIorms
and
solu)ons.
Fog
Compu)ng

has
been
notably
appearing
as
an
evolving
term
in
the
context
of
IoT

soLware.
There
is
skep)cism
that
Fog
Compu)ng
is
just
another
buzzword

des)ned
to
disappear
in
the
dust
of
)me.
Get
insight
from
concrete
business

cases
in
a
variety
of
IoT
ver)cals
–
Agriculture,
Industrial
Manufacturing,

Transporta)on,
Smart
&
Connected
Communi)es
etc.
and
learn
how
Fog

Compu)ng
can
play
a
substan)al
role
in
each
one
of
these
ver)cals.
Develop

a
judicious
point
of
view
with
respect
to
the
future
of
Fog
Compu)ng
through

market
research,
technology
disrup)on
vectors
and
ROI
use
cases
presented

in
this
session.

Simpliﬁed
Abstract:

Is
Fog
Compu)ng
just
another
buzz-‐word
or
a
real
business?

IoT
(and
IoE)

Delivering
the
Right

Informa)on
to
the
Right

Person
(or
Machine)

at
the
Right
Time

Process

Physical
Devices
and

Objects
Connected
to
the

Internet
and
Each
Other

for
Intelligent
Decision

Making

Things

Connec)ng
People
in

More
Relevant,

Valuable
Ways

People

Leveraging
Data
into

More
Useful

Informa)on
for

Decision
Making

Data

IoE

Networked
Connec)on
of
People,
Process,

Data,
Things

IoT
is
Here
–
Now
and
Growing

TIMELINE

2010
2015
2020

BILLIONS
OF
DEVICES

0

10

20

30

50

Adop?on
rate
of
digital

infrastructure:

5X
faster
than
electricity

and
telephony

25

12.5

7.2
6.8
7.6

World
Popula?on

50
Billion

Smart
Objects

Inﬂec?on

point

Key
IoT
Challenges

Data

Geo-‐distribu)on

M2M
Chaher

Bandwidth
Cost

(aggrega)on)

Balance
of
Real-‐)me

&
Non-‐real-‐)me

Reliability

Unlike
Data
Center

environment,
failures

are
“normal”

IT+OT

Determinis)c

Control
Loops

Cyber/Physical

Security

System

View

Macro
Picture
(e.g.

City)

Cohesive

Opera)ons

Distributed
Policy

Management

Legacy

Deployments

Complex
mix
of

GF/BF

equipment

Cloud

Interplay

Silo’ed

PlaIorms

Eco-‐system
of

tools,
APIs
etc.

Meet
“Fog
Compu)ng”

“A
distributed
compu)ng
paradigm
that

extends
cloud
compu.ng

closer
to
the
edge
of
the
network

to
enable
new
wave
of
applica.ons
and
services

in
IoT
land”

What
Exactly
is
Fog?

INTERNET
OF
THINGS

APPLICATIONS

Cloud

Fog

Cloud
capabili)es

extended
closer

to
the
edge

Consumer
domain’s
app-‐
centric
model
of
device-‐to-‐
cloud
may
not
be
enough

Hierarchical
Fog
Architecture

Cloud

Device/Smart
Object

East/West
Flows
Fog

Fog Nodes can be multi-tenant
Shared, public or private (like cloud)
Highly virtualized environment
Secured & isolated tenants, QoS, workload distribution
Service Mobility
Ability to migrate a running instance from cloud to edge
North/South
Flows

Mixed ownership & operation
Single entity, federation of agencies

Data
is
the
new
$$$

1.1 Billion
Data points generated by sensors daily
500 Gigabytes
Data generated by an offshore oil rig weekly
1000 Gigabytes
Data generated by an oil refinery daily
10,000 Gigabytes
Data generated by a jet engine every 30 minutes
2.5 Billion Gigabytes
Data generated worldwide daily
90% of the world’s data has been created in the last 2 years!
IoT
Brings
New
Data
Dimensions

Data
Interplay
between
Fog
&
Cloud

FogSensors Cloud

Storage
Realtime Data
Control/Actuation
Transient
milliSec/Seconds
Visualisation
_-‐-‐_-‐
Analytics
Seconds/Minutes
Semi-Permanent Months/Years
Minutes/Days/Weeks
Filter to process data locally
Remaining pass to cloud
Response
_-‐-‐_-‐
Business Intelligence
Dashboards
KPIs
_-‐-‐_-‐

_-‐-‐_-‐

Control
Loop
In
)me
and
in
space

Localization Globalization

Data
Processing
at
the
Edge

•  Need
of
immediate
response
)me

–  Can't
afford
latency
of
sending
up
and
back
the
chain

•  Closed-‐loop
control

–  In
controlling
physical
systems
–
cannot
depend
on
speed
and
availability
of
resources

back
at
the
data
center
–
e.g.
smart
traffic
light
system

•  Privacy,
Security
&
Data-‐ownership
considera)ons

–  Regulatory
and
business
concerns
may
not
allow
moving
the
data

•  Improved
scale
and
aggregate
throughput
via
parallelism

–  Data
sources
oLen
naturally
distributed

•  Not
all
Bytes
are
born
equal

–  Offload
centralized
resources
that
would
otherwise
have
to
filter
through
volumes
of

uninteres)ng/useless
data.

Fog
Compu)ng
–
Buzz
or
Business?

Let’s
check
out
some
use
cases

From
The
Source

Healthcare,
Manufacturing,
Gaming

Low/Predictable
Latency

Pipeline
Monitoring,
Environmental
Sensors

Geo-‐distributed
Apps

Connected
Vehicles,
Connected
Trains,
Drones

Fast
Mobile
Ver)cals

Smart
Grid,
City
Infrastructure
Management

Large-‐Scale
Control
Systems

Source:
Fog
Compu)ng
and
its
role
in
the

internet
of
things

SIGCOMM
2012
Paper
by
F.
Bonomi
et.
al.

Railway
Systems

Immediate
Response

to
Equipment
Failure

Real-‐)me
Health
Status
of

Trains
&
Tracks

New
Passenger
Ameni)es

and
Services
REPLACE

BEARINGS

CAR

07

Oil
Pipelines

Proac)ve
Leak
Detec)on

Predic)ve
Management

Broadband
Connec)on
for

Community

S6 | C026 Pressure

Drop

kPa

ACTION
REQUIRED

U)lity
Substa)on

Local
Load
Balancing

Opera)onal
Eﬃciencies

New
Business
Models

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Maintenance

Needed
on

Transformer
7

Manufacturing

Predic)ve
Maintenance

Op)mize
Energy
Usage

Security
Before,
During,

and
ALer
Ahack

QUALITY
POWER
STAMPS

35%
85%
592547/

1000000

City
Infrastructure

Synchronize
Signals
for

Emergency
Vehicles

Improve
Conges)on

Management

Beher
Proﬁtability

Barcelona
Fog
PoC

•  Real-‐life

Implementa)on
of
Fog

at
Scale

•  Deployment
of
3300+

outdoor
cabinets

•  Consolida)on
of
various

services
in
a
single
node

•  Mul)ple
tenants/
en))es
supported

Institut Municipal d’Informàtica - Hàbitat Urbàp
Ajuntament de Barcelona
MI
ATS
ul IM
FICA
mòdu
UNIF
b m
ES U
am
ADRE
lles
QUA
Cruïl
Q
C 1818

=
cabinet
deployment

Barcelona
Fog
Node
Apps

1.  Event-‐based
Video

Ø  Sending
video
records,
if
and
only
if,
certain
events
occur
–
e.g.

collision,
alarm,
broken
glass

2.  Ad-‐hoc
on-‐demand
connec)vity

Ø  Connect
certain
tenants
in
less
than
30
sec

3.  Distribu)on
Board
Control

Ø  Sense/Actuate
Tenant
App
for
Schneider

4.  Vehicular
Traffic
Management

Ø  Sensefields
Tenant
App
with
Fog+Cloud
components

5.  Cisco
Wi-‐Fi
Analy)cs

Ø  Unified
visibility
into
distributed
install
base
of
WiFi
AP

6.  Cabinet
Sensors

Ø  PLAT.ONE
Tenant
App
to
detect
cabinet
ac)vity

And of course, how can we forget our
newest challenge … and opportunity

Cisco
IoT
System

INTERNET
OF
THINGS

APPLICATIONS

Fog

Compu?ng

Management

and
Automa?on

Network

Connec?vity

Security

Cyber
and
Physical

Data

Analy?cs

Applica?on

Enablement

PlaVorm

Cloud
Fog

Thanks

Learn
more
about
Cisco
IoT
System:

hhp://bit.ly/IoTSystem

@birengandhi
/in/birengandhi

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