Framemaker 1

UsingADOBE®
FRAMEMAKER® 10
BASICS -1

Enhancements to XML- and DITA-support
Enhanced support for XML content creation
FrameMaker includes the following new features to enhance the XML content creation process:
•An attribute editor to help you easily edit element attributes
•A read-write rule file maker
•A wizard for creating XML applications
•A structured application designer
•Ability to view XML files in a text editor

Improved whitespace handling
When importing an XML file into FrameMaker, all unnecessary whitespaces are removed. The
whitespaces that are removed include Space, Tab, Blank Line, and New Line.If more than one
whitespace occurs continuously, only the first whitespace is retained and all the others are
dropped.
For example:
•[SPACE][SPACE] becomes a single [SPACE]
•[TAB][SPACE] becomes a single [TAB]

Improved searchability of PDFs through metadata storage
You can enter metadata for Ditamaps and topics. Some of the metadata fields are: AuthorName,
ShortDesc, Title, and Keywords. FrameMaker now maps the metadata information from
Ditamaps and topics directly to FrameMaker FileInfo fields.
While saving as PDF, FrameMaker stores the FileInfo information as XMP metadata in the PDF
files. Search engines like Google use XMP metadata to generate search results from PDF. The
searchability of PDFs generated through FrameMaker is, therefore, enhanced.

Support for DITA 1.2 specifications
FrameMaker 10 supports the DITA 1.2 specifications, while continuing the support for DITA 1.1
specifications and Docbook.
Enhanced DITA reference dialogs
The DITA cross-reference and conref dialogs have been enhanced to list only those elements
that are used in the DITA document. Other elements are not listed.

Enhanced DITA-related user interface
FrameMaker features the following new DITA-related user interface enhancements:
•DITA conref dialog box allows content referencing through both indirect referencing using keyref and direct
referencing using href. In addition, you can select content range using support for the conrefend attribute.
•DITA Keyspace Manager allows you to manage keys and their references.
•DITA Update Reference dialog helps you to validate content availability and integrity while authoring the
content. You do not need to build DITA maps to resolve references.
•DITA Find References dialog allows you to perform element-specific context searches of where all in a folder or
in open files references to that particular element have been made.
•The main menu helps you to better control the DITA options while loading DITA content in FrameMaker. In
addition, you can perform import and export options for DITA content, such as indexterm conversion.
•The DITA options dialog provides an option to switch between DITA 1.1 and DITA 1.2 support.

•While saving a document as a PDF, the text background color is saved in the PDF, if the Convert
CMYK Color to RGB option is selected.
•Text background color is retained when saving a document as HTML and CSS files.
•Text background color is included as a property of conditional tags.
•When creating an EDD, text background color is included under formatting rules.
When importing a PDF file in FrameMaker, text highlights from PDF are retained because of the
support for the text background color feature.

Repeat Last OperationThe Repeat Last Operation feature allows you to repeat the previous
operation.Repeat Last Operation can be performed on a document at the following
locations:•Current insertion point•Current text selection•Current object selectionIn addition,
FrameMaker has a history buffer that allows you to repeat a previously performed action by
selecting the action from the buffer.

Table catalogFrameMaker offers enhanced features to manage and apply table formats. A table
catalog shows all the table formats available in the current document and allows you to manage
them. Table catalog works just like the paragraph or character catalogs. Choose Table > Format
to access commands to format tables, the table designer, and the table catalog.

Suppressing FrameMaker alertsThe alert dialog box for the following cases allows you to
suppress subsequent display of alerts:•FrameMaker history is cleared.•A file contains
unresolved cross-references.•A document created in previous version of FrameMaker is
opened.•A file contains unavailable fonts.

Managing format overridesFrameMaker now provides an enhanced way of handling format
overrides. Format override now occurs in the following cases:•If there is deviation from an
existing format definition. In FrameMaker 10, a change in a property which is specified as As Is is
not considered a format override. However, a change from a defined value of a property is
considered a format override. •If the format doesn’t exist in the catalog. This can happen, for
example, when text is copied across documents that use different templates.You can also search
for and remove format overrides for paragraph, character, and table formats.

Managing formatsFrameMaker provides features to manage various paragraph, character, and
table formats from the catalog.
You can display a custom list of formats, delete unused formats, and much more. In the catalog,
FrameMaker marks the used formats. The unused formats are unmarked. This usage
information is not updated as soon as you apply the formats in the document. Clicking Refresh
Catalog at the bottom of the catalog, updates the usage information. The latest usage
information is also updated when opening the document.

Track changes at book or map level
FrameMaker enables you to track changes across an entire book or a map. Additionally, you can
view and edit changes only from selected users.

Extended rich media support
FrameMaker has extensive built-in rich media support. You must select the correct format when
importing a media file into FrameMaker.When the imported media file is saved as a PDF and played,
Acrobat plays SWF and FLV files with its own in-built native media player. Playback of all other media
files is possible only if the relevant codecs are installed on the system.In addition, FrameMaker allows
you to select and set an image as a poster for a media file.

CMS integration using connectors
FrameMaker provides connectors that enable integration with the following content
management systems (CMS):
•EMC Documentum 6.5 SP1
• Microsoft SharePoint Server 2007 SP2
Once configured, FrameMaker allows you to perform search, read, write, delete, update, check
in, and check out operations on the configured repository.
When connecting to the CMS, you must specify a connection name, which uniquely identifies
each connection. All connection names are added to the favorites list. The list can store a
maximum of eight favorites.

Enhancements in FrameMaker Server 10
Adobe® FrameMaker® Server10 includes significant feature enhancements that enable you to
centralize and automate department-wide publication tasks. Adobe FrameMaker Server enables
you to implement schedule-based, automated, multi-channel, and multi-device publishing.
•Server-based publishing: Schedule one-time, daily, weekly, or monthly publishing tasks.
•Multiple output formats: Create multiple output formats—multi-channel and multi-device—
from a single source document with custom settings. These output formats include Adobe PDF,
ePub, WebHelp, Adobe AIR, EclipseHelp, Microsoft HTMLHelp, JavaHelp, FlashHelp and
OracleHelp.

•Shareable publishing task configuration: Reuse the settings in a publishing task to quickly set up
similar publishing tasks across your organization. For example, you can create a publishing task
that creates a PDF, WebHelp, and ePub formats from a set of source documents, and then edit
this task to create tasks for several other source documents.
•Integration with EMC® Documentum®, Microsoft® SharePoint®, and WebDAV: Specify
Documentum, SharePoint, or WebDAV repositories as the source or destination for publishing
tasks. If you author with FrameMaker, you can define the versioning method for outputs created
that are saved to these repositories. Thus, you can have the outputs created from recurring
publication tasks explicitly versioned.

FrameMaker Basics
Workspace overview
A particular arrangement of elements, such as panels and pods that you use frequently while
working on documents, is called a workspace. You can dock, stack, minimize, or make these
elements free-floating in your workspace. You can select from several preset workspaces or
create one of your own. Once you have arranged the panels and pods, you can save the
workspace settings for use later.

The FrameMaker interface has the following components.•The Application bar across the top
contains a workspace switcher, menus, and other application controls.•The document window
displays the file you’re working on. Document windows can be tabbed and, in certain cases,
grouped and docked.•Panels help you monitor and modify your work. Examples include
character, paragraph, and table designers; and marker, variables, cross-references panels. You
can minimize, group, stack, or dock panels.•The status bar shows text formatting and pagination
information for the current document.

Interface preferences
Use this dialog box to specify whether FrameMaker should auto-collapse panels to icons or
always open documents as tabs.
Select File > Preferences > Interface and select the options you want.

Auto-Show Hidden Panels When you click UI Visibility all the docked panels are hidden and gray
strips appear at the docked sides. The docked panels appear automatically when you move the
pointer near the gray strips. If you deselect this option, all docked panels are permanently
hidden.
Hide Panels On Close When you close panels they are hidden, but are still active in memory and
may occasionally result in slow FrameMaker performance. For example, a document with
multiple broken references to graphic files may take longer to open even if you close the Insets
pod. If you deselect this option, FrameMaker removes panels when you close them. To display
them again, you must choose them from FrameMaker menus.

Open Documents As Tabs Opens all documents as tabbed documents. If you deselect this
option, the document windows become floating windows.
Hide Single Tabs In Documents Floating document windows display the document name only in
the title bar. If you deselect this option, the document name appears in both the title bar and
the tab bar.
Open Composite Documents As Tabs Opens composite documents as tabbed documents. If you
clear this option, the composite document windows become floating windows.

Panels
Dock and undock panels
A dock is a collection of panels or panel groups displayed together in a vertical orientation. A
dock is an arrangement of non-floating panels. You dock and undock panels by moving them into
and out of a dock.

Note: Docking is not the same as stacking. A stack is a collection of floating panels or panel
groups, joined top to bottom.
•To dock a panel, drag it by its tab into the dock, at the top, bottom, or in between other panels.
•To dock a panel group, drag it by its title bar (the solid empty bar above the tabs) into the dock.
•To remove a panel or panel group, drag it out of the dock by its tab or title bar. You can drag it
into another dock or make it free-floating.

Move panels
As you move panels, blue highlighted drop zone areas appear where you can drop the panel.
For example, move a panel up or down in a dock by dragging it to the narrow blue drop zone
above or below another panel.
If you drag to an area that is not a drop zone, the panel floats freely in the workspace.•To move
a panel, drag it by its tab.
•To move a panel group or a stack of floating panels, drag the title bar.

Manipulate panel groups•To move a panel into a group, drag the panel’s tab to the highlighted
drop zone at the top of the group.

•To rearrange panels in a group, drag a panel’s tab to a new location in the group.
•To remove a panel from a group so that it floats freely, drag the panel by its tab outside the
group.
•To move a group, drag the title bar (the area above the tabs).
Stack floating panelsWhen you drag a panel out of its dock but not into a drop zone, the panel
floats freely. You can position the floating panel anywhere in the workspace. You can stack
floating panels or panel groups so that they move as a unit when you drag the topmost title bar.

•To stack floating panels, drag a panel by its tab to the drop zone at the bottom of another
panel.•To change the stacking order, drag a panel up or down by its tab.Note: Be sure to release
the tab over the narrow drop zone between panels, rather than the broad drop zone in a title
bar.•To remove a panel or panel group from the stack, so that it floats by itself, drag it out by its
tab or title bar.

Resize panels•To minimize or maximize a panel, panel group, or stack of panels, double-click a
tab. You can also single-click the tab area (the empty space next to the tabs).•To resize a panel,
drag any side of the panel.

Manipulate panels collapsed to iconsYou can collapse panels to icons to reduce clutter on the
workspace. In some cases, panels are collapsed to icons in the default workspace.

•To collapse or expand all panel icons in a dock, click the double arrow at the top of the dock.
•To expand a single panel icon, click it.
•To resize panel icons so that you see only the icons (and not the labels), adjust the width of the
dock until the text disappears. To display the icon text again, make the dock wider.
•To collapse an expanded panel back to its icon, click its tab, its icon, or the double arrow in the
panel’s title bar.
•To add a floating panel or panel group to an icon dock, drag it in by its tab or title bar. (Panels
are automatically collapsed to icons when added to an icon dock.)
•To move a panel icon (or panel icon group), drag the icon. You can drag panel icons up and
down in the dock, or into other docks (where they appear in the panel style of that dock). You
can also drag panel icons outside the dock (where they appear as floating, expanded panels).

Tabbed documentsWhen you open more than one file, the document windows are tabbed. You
can open documents as floating windows by clearing the Open Documents As Tabs option in the
Interface Preferences dialog box.

However, when you add a generated file, such as a Table Of Content, the generated file appears
minimized in the lower left corner of your workspace. There are multiple ways in which you can
organize floating and tabbed document windows.•To dock a document window in a group of
document windows, drag the window into the group. •To rearrange the order of tabbed
document windows, drag a window’s tab to a new location in the group.•To undock a document
window from a group of windows, drag the window’s tab out of the group.Note: When you
minimize a floating document window, it covers a part of the FrameMaker status bar. You cannot
move the minimized window to a new location.

Tips on working with the new interface
Adjust the UI brightness
Adjust the UI brightness by using the UI Brightness slider under File > Preferences > Interface.
Combine document windows
To consolidate all document windows, floating, minimized, or docked, right-click the tab bar of the
docked document window and select Consolidate All To Here from the menu.
Float document windows
Click Arrange Documents icon on the top Application bar and select Float All In Windows. This
arranges all the document windows as cascaded floating panels.
Tile documents
Use the Arrange Documents icon to tile document windows vertically or horizontally. This is specially
useful for manually comparing documents and layering them side by side.

Bring hidden pods to the front Sometimes while working with floating document windows or
when switching workspaces, the pods may seem difficult to bring to the front. •Undock the pods
by dragging them out using the pod title bar.•Dock all floating document windows. Right-click
the docked tab bar and select Consolidate All To Here or drag and dock the floating document
windows.Minimize pods to icons Right-click on the pods tab bar and select Collapse To Icons
from the menu. This option is available only if the pods are floating and not docked. To collapse
docked pods, click anywhere in the tab bar.Reopen the pods Choose View > Pods and click any
pod name. The entire group of pods open at the bottom of the workspace.

Reopen a panel
Choose Windows and select Panels and select the panel you want to reopen.
Collapse all open panel groups to icons
Right-click the tab bar of the panel group and select Collapse To Icons.
Exit the full screen mode
Right-click outside the text frame in the document window and select Toggle Screen Mode.

Customize and manage workspacesDefault workspacesYou can choose from default
workspaces or create custom workspaces and switch between them. The default workspaces are
designed so that you can quickly switch between workspaces according to what you want to
accomplish. For example, the Review workspace has review toolbars, commonly used pods, and
panels prearranged to help you review a document quickly.•Authoring•DITA Authoring
(available only in Structured FrameMaker)•Manage Content•Manage
Graphics•Review•Structured Authoring (available only in Structured FrameMaker)

Save a custom workspace
1
Configure the workspace the way you want it and choose Save Workspace from the workspace
switcher on the Application bar.
2
Type a name for the workspace and click OK.
FrameMaker remembers the last used workspace across sessions. If you were working in the
Review workspace and you close and relaunch FrameMaker, it loads the Review workspace.

Reset a workspace
By saving the current configuration of panels as a named workspace, you can restore that
workspace even if you move or close a panel. The names of saved workspaces appear in the
workspace switcher in the Application bar.
.
Select the Reset Workspace option from the workspace switcher in the Application bar.

Rename a custom workspace
1Select Manage Workspace from the workspace switcher in the Application bar.
2Select the workspace and click Rename.
3Type a new name and click OK twice.
Delete a custom workspace
Select Manage Workspace from the workspace switcher in the Application bar, select the
workspace, and then click Delete.

Interface view options
Display pages more quickly
.
Do the following:
.
Open the document by bypassing the update of imported graphics, cross-references, and text insets. (Opening a document without
updating references makes a document open faster but can slow down the display of individual pages.)
.
Turn off the display of graphics by choosing View > Options, deselecting the Graphics option, and clicking Set.
Important: If you deselect the Graphics option and generate a PDF, the graphics do not appear in the PDF.
.
Display small text as gray bars by choosing File > Preferences > General, entering a point size in the Greek Screen Text Smaller box, and
clicking Set. Whenever text in your document is in a point size smaller than the size you specified, it appears on the screen as a gray bar.

Change the preset display units
Some text boxes in dialog boxes require a unit of measurement (such as points or inches) for the
value you enter. You can specify the default units for font size and line spacing (font size units) and for
other measurements (display units). The default units of measurement appear after the values in the
text boxes. If you enter a value without a unit of measurement, FrameMaker uses the default unit.
•
To change the preset units, make the appropriate window is active. Select View > Options. Select the
values for Display Units and Font Units, and then click Set.
•
To enter different units in a box, make the appropriate window active. Enter an abbreviation for the
unit along with the numeric value. Use cm for centimeters, mm for millimeters, " or in for inches, pc,
pi, or pica for picas, pt or point for points, dd for didots, cc or cicero for ciceros, Q for Q units (refers to
font size and line spacing for the Japanese language only).

Change the spacing of ruler or grid intervals
1Make the appropriate document window or book window active. If a book window is active,
select the documents you want to affect.
2Select View > Options. Select a new setting from the Rulers menu or the Grid menu, and click
Set.

Show or hide visual guides
You can show several of these visual guides in a document window:
•Borders around text frames, graphic frames, and imported objects
•Markers, paragraph returns, and other symbols in running text
•Rulers along the top and left side of the window

You can also show a grid of horizontal and vertical lines for drawing, resizing, and aligning
graphics.
All visual guides are nonprinting, so you do not need to hide them when you print.
1Make the appropriate document window or book window active. If a book window is active,
select the documents you want to affect.
2Do the following:•To show or hide borders, select View > Borders.
•To show or hide the text symbols, select View > Text Symbols.•To show or hide the rulers,
select View > Rulers.•To show or hide grid lines, select View > Grid Lines.

Display a high-contrast workspaceFrameMaker uses system colors to draw window
backgrounds, text, and other graphics. Users who have trouble discerning colors or variations in
contrast, or who have low visual acuity, can set high-contrast color schemes and custom text and
background colors. This setting makes the information in the user interface easier to view.
1Open the Windows Control Panel, double-click Accessibility Options, and select the Display tab.
2Change contrast globally or change the color theme, as follows: •To change the appearance of
all operating system windows at once, select the Use High Contrast option.•To change the color
theme, click Settings and select one of the High Contrast Appearance Scheme options.Note:
FrameMaker does not adjust colors of all items. Some of these include the background color, and
the fill color of graphic objects.

Zoom in and out•To magnify or decrease magnification, text, and objects, click the + (Increase
Zoom) or - (Decrease Zoom) buttons on the status bar. FrameMaker zooms in or out on the area
of the page containing the insertion point or selection. If the document doesn’t contain an
insertion point or a selection, FrameMaker zooms in on the center of the page.•To display text
and objects at a particular magnification, select a percentage from the Zoom pop-up menu.•To
display the entire page in the current window, select Fit Page In Window from the Zoom pop-up
menu.•To fit the page or text frame to the window, select Fit Window To Page or Fit Window To
Text Frame from the Zoom pop-up menu. If the view options are set to display facing pages, the
window is resized to accommodate two pages side by side.•To change the available zoom
settings, click Set from the Zoom pop-up menu, select the percentage you want to change and
enter the new percentage. Enter any percentage from 25% to 1600%. Click Set. To return to the
default percentages, click Get Defaults.

Turn pages and set scrollingYou can page through a document window using controls in the
status bar.You can also define how FrameMaker displays pages when you scroll up and down, left
and right, or two pages at a time.If the document you are paging through is part of an open
book, FrameMaker sometimes displays an alert message prompting you to choose to open the
next or previous document in the book. For example, if you click Previous Page on the first page
of a document, clicking Yes in the alert message box opens the previous document in the book.
The last page of that document appears.1Make the appropriate document window or book
window active. If a book window is active, select the documents you want to affect.2Choose
View > Options.3Choose one of the following options from the Page Scrolling pop-up menu:•To
display pages from top to bottom (for example, page 2 below page 1), choose Vertical.•To
display pages from left to right (for example, page 2 to the right of page 1), choose
Horizontal.•To display pages two at a time, side by side, choose Facing Pages.•To display as
many pages as will fit in the window from left to right, choose Variable.4Click Set.

Go to another page❖Do one of the following:•To go to the next page, click the Next Page
button.•To go to the previous page, click the Previous Page button.•To go to the first page in the
document, click the First Page button.•To go to the last page in the document, click the Last
Page button.
•To go to a specific page, click in the Page Number area and specify the page number you want
to display.•To go to a specific line number, click in the Line Number area and specify the line
number you want to display. •To go to the page containing the insertion point, click the Insertion
Point button. •To move quickly through the pages, scroll vertically.In case of structured
documents, click or select in the Structure View to display the corresponding page in the
document window. This is often the quickest way to go to the page you want.

Using toolbar shortcuts
You can access all commonly used commands from the following toolbars for use in structured
or unstructured documents. You can display a toolbar from the View > Toolbars menu.
Graphics Toolbar
Provides all the shortcuts for graphic creation and edits.

Quick Access Bar
Provides all the commands for opening and saving documents, editing text, graphics, and tables.
Text Formatting
Provides all the text formatting commands, such as font styles.
Table Formatting
Provides all the table editing commands, such as add rows, columns, merge cells, and text alignment options for
table cells.
Paragraph Formatting
Provides all the commands for formatting paragraphs, such as tab stops, text alignment, spacing, as well as the
paragraph tag list.
Object Alignment
Provides commands to change sequence, alignment, and orientation of objects.

Object Properties Provides commands to group objects, change layer order, reshape, scale, and
snap objects.Track Text Edits Provides all the commands for tracking, accepting, and rejecting
text edits.

About pods
These frequently used dialog boxes have an interface designed to simplify your work:
• Conditional text pod
• Cross-references pod
• Marker pod
• Fonts pod
• Insets pod
• Variables pod
• Reference pods

About the pod list areaThe Select pop-up displays a list of all open documents, including books
and DITA maps. If you select All Open Docs, the pod list area displays all the variables from all
the open documents. If you select a specific open document, the pod list area displays variables
from the selected document even when you switch to other open documents. The pod list area
continues to display the list of instances from the selected document.

If you select an open document •Single-click an instance in the pod to display the corresponding
instance in the document. For example, if you select an image instance from the Insets pod, the
corresponding image is also selected in the document view. •Double-click an instance to do the
following for each pod: Conditional text pod Displays the Add/Edit Condition Tag panel for the
selected condition.Cross-references pod Displays the Cross-Reference panel for editing the
selected cross-reference.Markers pod Displays the Marker panel so that you can edit the
selected marker definition.Fonts pod Displays the Replace Font panel for selecting a
replacement font.Insets pod Displays the Object Properties panel for the selected
inset.Variables pod Adds the selected variable at the insertion point in the current
document.Reference pod Displays the results of the search for locations where a particular
element is referenced. This pod is only relevant for DITA documents.•Click a column name to
sort the data in the list area in ascending or descending order.

Setting pod location criteria
The pod location criteria determine what should be displayed in the pod list area for an instance
by way of identifying its location in the document.
For example, you can define two Paragraph tags that should be displayed as the location
identifier for a marker. FrameMaker searches backwards for the first match of the first Paragraph
tag that you have specified and displays it in the pod. Suppose you specify the first Paragraph tag
as Topic_Title in the Location Criteria dialog box. FrameMaker locates a marker and traverses
backwards to display the first topic title in which the marker occurs. If you specify the second
Paragraph tag as Article_Name, then FrameMaker displays the exact article name to which the
topic belongs.

A. In structured interface, you can specify either the paragraph styles or the element names. In
unstructured FrameMaker, you can only specify paragraph styles. B. Specify the first paragraph
style. C. Specify the second paragraph style. 1Choose File > Preference > Pods Location
Criteria.2Select Element Name if you want the pod to display the element names in which the
instance is located.3Specify valid element names and click OK.For example, select Paragraph
Style and specify head 2 and head 3 in the Style 1 and Style 2 boxes. In the Markers pod, for
each instance of a marker, the first head 2 and head 3 it occurs under is displayed in the pod.

Document window overviewThe first time that you launch FrameMaker, it prompts you to
select the product interface. Subsequently, it opens with the last used interface. All features of
unstructured FrameMaker are available in the structured workspace, including the paragraph
and character catalogs for formatting documents. You can work on both structured and
unstructured documents. ABCACB

Document windowA document window appears when you open a structured or unstructured
FrameMaker document. The window shows the document text formatted, with graphics and
other items in place, and everything laid out in a page design. If more than one document is
open, a document window appears for each one.The document window is the only window
available in the unstructured workspace. In the structured workspace, you can also view
element boundaries in the document window.

Structure View windowThe Structure View window displays the underlying XML structure. The
view uses bubbles to represent elements and their relationship to one another. It also identifies
errors in the document structure. In Structure View, you can insert, select, expand, collapse,
move, merge, or split elements. When you work with structured documents, you’ll use the
document window and the Structure View together. These windows help you organize elements
in a valid structure.

Elements catalog
The Elements catalog lists the elements you can use at the current location and provides
commands for adding and editing elements. It also displays other information about the current
location, such as whether you can type text there. The information in the Elements catalog
comes from content rules in the definition for the current element.

Change the default interface1Select File > Preferences > General.2In the Product Interface list,
select FrameMaker or Structured FrameMaker. 3Click Set. You are prompted to restart
FrameMaker for the preference change to take effect.

Working with the Structure ViewExpand or collapse structureIn the Structure View, you can
expand or collapse elements, showing or hiding a detailed outline of your document. (When
elements are expanded or collapsed in Structure View, text in the document window does not
change.)An element is sometimes defined to have attributes, which provide supplemental
information about the element. You can also expand and collapse the attributes associated with
an element.

View element boundaries in the document window
Element boundaries shown in the document window mark the beginning and end of each
element. Working with visible boundaries helps you see how the document content is divided
into elements. Viewing the boundaries also makes it easier to place an insertion point properly
or to make the right selection.
For most elements, the boundaries appear as opening and closing brackets ( [ ] ) or as two boxes
with an element tag. For some elements (graphics, footnotes, markers, tables, and equations),
the element location is marked only by one box with a tag.

Expand and collapse elements in document windowIf you are viewing element boundaries as
tags in the document window, you can perform the following operations:•Collapse all elements,
even in the document view.•Collapse a parent element to hide the child elements, without
collapsing them.•Collapse child elements, when collapsing the parent element.

Show and hide attributes for new elementsYou can show or hide attributes for new elements in
Structure View. The view can display all the attributes in the flow, none of the attributes, or only
required attributes or attributes that have a value. This setting applies to new elements as you
enter them.1Make the appropriate document window or book window active. If a book window
is active, select the documents you want to affect.2Select View > Attribute Display Options,
choose the display option you want, and click Set.

Change the scope of elements available in a
structured document
When adding elements to a structured document, insert only elements that are valid at the
current location. (Valid elements have heavy check marks, heavy check marks and a plus sign,
and question marks in the Element Catalog.) If you add elements this way, you can work from
the beginning of a document to the end and be sure that its structure is valid at every point
along the way.Sometimes you want to work more loosely, and in these cases you can make more
elements available. For example, some draft documents must adhere strictly to a predefined
structure but follow the structure only as a guideline. Or, you can plan your document to
conform to a structure without having all the information to complete it from start to finish.

Opening, saving, and closing documents
Open a documentIn addition to FrameMaker documents, you can open text files, files in MIF
(Maker Interchange Format), files in MML (Maker Markup Language), and XML and SGML
documents. If the required filter is installed, you can also open files created in other
applications, such as Microsoft® Word. Much of the file’s formatting is retained when you open
the file. To open files created using FrameMaker 7 or earlier, you must save them as MIF files.
Open a file1Select File > Open.

2Locate the document and click Open. Opening a document usually updates graphics imported
by reference, text insets, cross-references, and system variables (if any exist). Recently opened
files are listed at the bottom of the File menu.Messages alerting you to possible issues with the
file sometimes appear. You can click OK and resolve the problems later.Open a text fileText-only
files do not contain graphics or formatting information. When you open a text-only file, you are
asked to confirm that it is a text file.1Select File > Open, and open a .txt file. The Unknown File
Type dialog box appears. 2Select the Text option.3Click Convert. 4Select one of the following
options:

•To break the text into paragraphs only at blank lines, select Merge Lines Into Paragraphs. Use
this option for a paragraph-oriented text file, such as a file containing document text.•To break
the text into paragraphs at the end of each line, select Treat Each Line As A Paragraph. Use this
option for a line-oriented text file, such as a file containing computer code.•To convert the text
into a table, select the Convert Text To Table. Use this option if the content of your source file is
tabulated.Select additional options in the Convert To Table dialog box, such as number of
columns, cell separators, and heading rows, to obtain the data in the appropriate tabular form.
5Select the desired Encoding scheme. By default, the ANSI (Windows) encoding scheme is
selected.6Click Read. The text appears in a document that is created from a special template.
You can customize the template so that documents created from text files are formatted
differently.

Open a document in useA lock file (*.lck) is created every time you open a document. This lock
file prevents others from changing the file while you work in it. A lock file is in the same folder as
the original document and is removed when you close the document. You can turn off file
locking.If you try to open a document that’s already open and if you have write permission to
the document, a dialog box displays the name of the document, who opened it last and when,
and the computer on which it is open. You sometimes see this dialog box after a system crash
when you open a document you were last using.❖Open the file and do one of the following:•If
you want to look at the file but not change it, click Open For Viewing Only, and then click
Continue. The document appears in View Only format.

Open a document without updating referencesA document opens more slowly if it contains
many cross-references to other files, large imported graphics, or many text insets. You can open
a document faster by bypassing the update of imported graphics, cross-references, and text
insets. However, if you use this method to open documents, keep in mind that FrameMaker
does not warn you about missing items or unresolved cross-references. For this reason, it is best
to occasionally open a document in the usual way. 1Choose File > Open, and select the file you
want to open.2Control-click Open.After the file is open, FrameMaker imports and displays
graphics as needed on a page-by-page basis. You can manually update cross-references and text
insets by using Edit > Update References. If the page display is too slow, reopen the document in
the usual way. SGML, XML, MIF, and MML are all text formats, so they open as text in
unstructured FrameMaker.

Add metadata to a document
FrameMaker includes built-in support for Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP). Metadata, or file
information, is descriptive information that can be searched and processed by a computer. Use it
to provide information about the contents of a document, and to preserve information about a
document that will be opened in other Adobe applications. If you export the file to PDF, much of
this metadata will appear in Acrobat.

Note: Metadata in a book file sometimes overrides metadata in a document file. If your
document is part of a book file, open the book file and select the document before you add
metadata.1Make the appropriate document window or book window active. If a book window is
active, select the documents you want to affect.2Choose File > File Info.3Enter the desired
information in the box next to any or all categories.4For Marked, choose Yes if the document is
copyrighted, or No if the document is explicitly in the public domain. Choose Unknown if you’re
not sure.5Click Set.

Save documents You can save a document using its current name and location, or save a copy of
the document using a different name or location. You can save a document in several formats,
including Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML), and Portable
Document Format (PDF).When a document or a book has unsaved changes, an asterisk (*)
appears in the Page Status area of the status bar.

Save a document1Do one of the following:•To save changes in the current file, choose File >
Save.•To save the file in a different folder or with a different filename, choose File > Save As. 2If
you choose the Save As command, or if the file has never been saved, specify the new filename
and location. If you want to save the file in a different format, choose the format from the pop-
up menu.3Click Save. If you choose Text Only format, specify how to treat the text and tables in
the document.

Save a book1Do one of the following:•To overwrite the current version on the disk, choose File
> Save Book.•To save the file in a different folder or using a different name, choose File > Save
Book As. 2If you choose the Save Book As command, or if the file has never been saved, specify
the new filename and location.

Save all open documents
.
Hold down Shift and choose File > Save All Open Files.
Return to the saved version of your document
.
Choose File > Revert To Saved and click OK.
File formats you can save in
You can use the Save As command to save a file in the following formats:
Document 10
Saves the FrameMaker 10 document or book as a document or book that you can open and edit in FrameMaker.
View Only 10.0
Produces a book or document that you can open but cannot edit. If you accidentally save a file in View Only format, you can make it
editable by pressing Esc Shift+f l (lowercase L) k. Then you can save the document or book in Document or Book format.

MIF 10.0 Creates a text file containing FrameMaker 10 statements that describe all text and
graphics. To avoid overwriting your original document, save the MIF file under a different name.
(For example, add a .mif extension to the name.) For information on MIF, see the online manual
MIF Reference.Document 9.0 Saves the FrameMaker document or book as a document or book
that you can open and edit in FrameMaker.Note: To save a FrameMaker 10 document as a
FrameMaker 8.0 document, save the document as a MIF 7.0 document, open the MIF 7.0
document in FrameMaker 8.0, and Save the document as a FrameMaker 8.0 document.MIF 7.0
Creates a text file containing FrameMaker 7.0 statements that describe all text and graphics. To
avoid overwriting your original document, save the MIF file under a different name. (For
example, add a .mif extension to the name.) For information on MIF, see the online manual MIF
Reference.

Text Only Creates a text file without graphics or formatting information. To avoid overwriting
your original document, save the text file under a different name. (For example, add a .text
extension to the name.) PDF Creates a Portable Document Format (PDF) file that can be viewed
in Adobe Acrobat® and other applications that support PDF files.SGML Creates an SGML file with
the content, elements, and attributes from your document.HTML Creates an HTML document
that can be viewed on the World Wide Web. For information on adjusting the mapping of
paragraph and character tags to predefined HTML elements, see “Set up and adjust HTML
mappings.”Note: When you save a structured FrameMaker document as HTML, all attributes
with the same name are mapped to the same value, even if the attributes have different values
for different elements. To use different values for these attributes after exporting, use a text
editor to edit the resulting file.

XML Creates an XML document that can be used for data exchange and viewed on the World
Wide Web. Microsoft RTF Create files in Rich Text Format 1.6 (RTF), which is supported by many
word processors and can be read by other applications. Most formatting is preserved as formats
are usually converted to word-processing styles.Note: You can use the Print command to save a
PostScript® file.

Filename extensions for saved filesWhen you save a file for the first time in Windows,
FrameMaker automatically adds these extensions: .fm for documents, .book for book files, and
.mif for MIF files. With these extensions, the files are recognized as FrameMaker files by the
Windows operating system.If you don’t want these special extensions added to the filenames
you assign, enclose the filenames in double quotation marks. Windows doesn’t recognize a file
without one of these extensions as a FrameMaker file, but you can still open the file in
FrameMaker.If you assign an extension that’s registered by another application, such as .doc, the
extension is not replaced by the FrameMaker extension and you can still open the file in
FrameMaker.

Save documents in Text Only format
Saving a document in Text Only format creates a text file with the text encoding of your choice: ANSI
(Windows), or ASCII. (On Japanese-language systems, you can also use JIS, Shift-JIS, or EUC. On other
Asian-language systems, you can use encoding for the supported languages.) Only ordinary text—
those in text frames and tables—is saved; graphics, text in graphic callouts, footnotes, and formatting
information are not saved. Reformat line lengths and hyphenation as needed before saving the file.
If some characters are not available in the text encoding that you choose, those characters are
replaced in the text file. For example, when you save a document in Text Only format using ANSI
(Windows) or ASCII encoding, spaces (including thin, en, em, and numeric spaces) are converted to
regular spaces.
1 Choose File > Save As.
2 Specify the filename and location, and choose Text Only format.
3 Click Save.
4 Do one of the following:

Use Save As to export XML from unstructured documentsYou can export both structured and
unstructured files to XML. The mapping used to specify what element to create for each
paragraph tag in the source FrameMaker file is defined on a reference page. The export function
creates an XML file and a corresponding cascading style sheet (CSS), which can be used with the
document.1Do one of the following:•Select File > Save As XML.•Select File > Save As and choose
XML from the pop-up menu. Give the filename an extension of .xml.2Specify the file
location.3Click Save.

Back up and save automaticallyFrameMaker can back up and save your work
automatically.1Choose File > Preferences > General.

2
Do the following:
•
To create a backup file every time you save, select Automatic Backup On Save. This option creates a
copy of the file before your latest changes are saved. If a backup file exists, the new backup file
overwrites it. (The filenames of backup files contain .backup.)
•
To create an autosave file at regular intervals, select Automatic Save and enter an interval (in
minutes) in the box. This causes a copy of the file to be saved periodically without your having to
choose File > Save. (The filenames of autosave files contain .auto.) When you save manually or revert
to the last saved version with the Revert To Saved command, the autosave file is deleted.
3
Click Set.

Close documents
You can close a document at any time. If you have unsaved changes, you•fll be asked whether you want to save
the changes. (A document with unsaved changes contains an asterisk in the Page Status area of its status bar.)
If imported graphics, text insets, cross-references, or system variables were updated when you opened your
document, the document is marked as changed (with an asterisk in the status bar) when it opens. Similarly,
because printing a document updates existing cross-references, printing a file sometimes causes a document to
be marked as changed.
.
Do one of the following:
.
To close a document, choose File > Close.
.
To close all open documents, hold down Shift and choose File > Close All Open Files.

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