Function in PL/SQL

Feb 5, 20190 likes354 views

Function in PL/SQL, Create Function Syntax, Example – No Parameters in Function , Example – Testing RetrieveSalary Function, Example Function with Parameter, Dropping a Function

Prof. Neeraj Bhargava
Pooja Dixit
Department of Computer Science
School of Engineering & System Science
MDS, University Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
1

$ Like a procedure, a function can accept multiple parameters, and the data type of the return value must be declared in the header of the function. CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION <function_name> (<parameter1_name> <mode> <data type>, <parameter2_name> <mode> <data type>, ...) RETURN <function return value data type> {AS|IS} <Variable declarations> BEGIN Executable Commands RETURN (return_value); . . . [EXCEPTION Exception handlers] END;  The general syntax of the RETURN statement is: RETURN <expression>; 2$

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION RetrieveSalary
RETURN NUMBER
IS
v_Salary NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SELECT Salary INTO v_Salary
FROM Employee
WHERE EmployeeID = '01885';
RETURN v_Salary;
END RetrieveSalary;
/
3

SQL> @RetrieveSalary
Function created.
SQL> var v_SalaryOutput NUMBER;
SQL> EXEC :v_SalaryOutput :=
RetrieveSalary;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> print v_SalaryOutput;
V_SALARYOUTPUT
--------------
16250
4

 PL/SQL Example illustrates a function that has a
single IN parameter and that returns a VARCHAR2
data type.
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION FullName (p_EmployeeID IN
employee.EmployeeID%TYPE)
RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
v_FullName VARCHAR2(100);
v_FirstName employee.FirstName%TYPE;
v_MiddleName employee.MiddleName%TYPE;
v_LastName employee.LastName%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT FirstName, MiddleName, LastName INTO
v_FirstName, v_MiddleName, v_LastName
FROM Employee
WHERE EmployeeID = p_EmployeeID;
5

-- Store last name, comma and blank and first name
to variable
v_FullName := v_LastName||', '||v_FirstName;
-- Check for existence of a middle name
IF LENGTH(v_MiddleName) > 0 THEN
v_FullName := v_FullName|| ' '
||SUBSTR(v_MiddleName,1,1)||'.';
END IF;
RETURN v_FullName;
END FullName;
/
6

 A simple SELECT statement executed
within SQL*Plus can return the full name
for any employee identifier value as
shown in PL/SQL Example.
/* PL SQL Example 13.10 */
SQL> SELECT FullName('01885')
2 FROM Employee
3 WHERE EmployeeID = '01885';
FULLNAME('01885')
-----------------------------------
Bock, Douglas B.
7

SQL> SELECT FullName(EmployeeID)
2 FROM Employee
3 ORDER BY FullName(EmployeeID);
FULLNAME(EMPLOYEEID)
-------------------------------------
Adams, Adam A.
Barlow, William A.
Becker, Robert B.
Becker, Roberta G.
Bock, Douglas B.
... more rows will display
8

 As with the DROP PROCEDURE statement,
the DROP FUNCTION <functionName> is
also straight-forward.
 As with DROP PROCEDURE, the DROP
FUNCTION statement is a DDL command
that causes execution of an implicit
commit prior to and immediately after
the command.
SQL> DROP FUNCTION FullName;
Function dropped.
9

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Function in PL/SQL

1. Prof. Neeraj Bhargava Pooja Dixit Department of Computer Science School of Engineering & System Science MDS, University Ajmer, Rajasthan, India 1

2.  Like a procedure, a function can accept multiple parameters, and the data type of the return value must be declared in the header of the function. CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION <function_name> (<parameter1_name> <mode> <data type>, <parameter2_name> <mode> <data type>, ...) RETURN <function return value data type> {AS|IS} <Variable declarations> BEGIN Executable Commands RETURN (return_value); . . . [EXCEPTION Exception handlers] END;  The general syntax of the RETURN statement is: RETURN <expression>; 2

3. CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION RetrieveSalary RETURN NUMBER IS v_Salary NUMBER(10,2); BEGIN SELECT Salary INTO v_Salary FROM Employee WHERE EmployeeID = '01885'; RETURN v_Salary; END RetrieveSalary; / 3

4. SQL> @RetrieveSalary Function created. SQL> var v_SalaryOutput NUMBER; SQL> EXEC :v_SalaryOutput := RetrieveSalary; PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> print v_SalaryOutput; V_SALARYOUTPUT -------------- 16250 4

5.  PL/SQL Example illustrates a function that has a single IN parameter and that returns a VARCHAR2 data type. CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION FullName (p_EmployeeID IN employee.EmployeeID%TYPE) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS v_FullName VARCHAR2(100); v_FirstName employee.FirstName%TYPE; v_MiddleName employee.MiddleName%TYPE; v_LastName employee.LastName%TYPE; BEGIN SELECT FirstName, MiddleName, LastName INTO v_FirstName, v_MiddleName, v_LastName FROM Employee WHERE EmployeeID = p_EmployeeID; 5

6. -- Store last name, comma and blank and first name to variable v_FullName := v_LastName||', '||v_FirstName; -- Check for existence of a middle name IF LENGTH(v_MiddleName) > 0 THEN v_FullName := v_FullName|| ' ' ||SUBSTR(v_MiddleName,1,1)||'.'; END IF; RETURN v_FullName; END FullName; / 6

7.  A simple SELECT statement executed within SQL*Plus can return the full name for any employee identifier value as shown in PL/SQL Example. /* PL SQL Example 13.10 */ SQL> SELECT FullName('01885') 2 FROM Employee 3 WHERE EmployeeID = '01885'; FULLNAME('01885') ----------------------------------- Bock, Douglas B. 7

8. SQL> SELECT FullName(EmployeeID) 2 FROM Employee 3 ORDER BY FullName(EmployeeID); FULLNAME(EMPLOYEEID) ------------------------------------- Adams, Adam A. Barlow, William A. Becker, Robert B. Becker, Roberta G. Bock, Douglas B. ... more rows will display 8

9.  As with the DROP PROCEDURE statement, the DROP FUNCTION <functionName> is also straight-forward.  As with DROP PROCEDURE, the DROP FUNCTION statement is a DDL command that causes execution of an implicit commit prior to and immediately after the command. SQL> DROP FUNCTION FullName; Function dropped. 9

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