Functional Programming with LISP
6 likes6,281 views
This document provides an introduction to the Lisp programming language. It discusses Lisp's origins and design, current implementations, why it was conceived, its core data structures and operations, control structures, recursion features, input/output functions, and loading/compiling files. Examples are provided to demonstrate various language concepts like recursion, set operations, and functional programming with lists.
![Basic Input / Output
Basic Input
(read [input-stream] [eof-error] [eof-value]) → s-expr
Basic Output
(print s-expr [output-stream]) → s-expr
(format destination control-string [args])
© 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <email@sarika-pugs.com> 19
All Rights Reserved.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/functionalprogrammingwithlisp-110411064000-phpapp01/85/Functional-Programming-with-LISP-19-320.jpg)
Ad
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked (7)
Ad
Similar to Functional Programming with LISP (20)
Ad
More from Anil Kumar Pugalia (10)
Recently uploaded (20)
Functional Programming with LISP
- 1. Functional Programming with LISt Processing © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> All Rights Reserved.
- 2. Introduction © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> All Rights Reserved.
- 3. What to Expect? W's of LISP Language Specifics Fun with Recursion © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 3 All Rights Reserved.
- 4. What is LISP? Functional Programming Language Conceived by John McCarthy in 1956 Name comes from its initial powerful List Processing features Natural computation mechanism: Recursion Standardization as Common LISP ANSI released standards in 1996 Thought of as for Artificial Intelligence But could pretty much do anything Examples range from OS, editors, compilers, games, GUIs, and you think of it © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 4 All Rights Reserved.
- 5. Current Available Forms ANSI Common Lisp: clisp Compiler, Interpreter, Debugger GNU Common Lisp: gcl Compiler, Interpreter CMU Common Lisp: cmucl By Carnegie Mellon University Default available as .deb packages Use “alien –to-rpm" to convert them to rpm Allegro CL: Commercial Common Lisp implementation © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 5 All Rights Reserved.
- 6. Why LISP? “The programmable programming language" What's good for the language's designer Is good for the language's users Wish for new features for easier programming? As you can just add the feature yourself Code the way our brain thinks: Recursive Most natural way of programming 50 lines of Code © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 6 All Rights Reserved.
- 7. Language Specifics Data Structures Basic Operations Control Structures Basic I/O © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 7 All Rights Reserved.
- 8. Data Structures S-Expression: Atom or List Atom: String of characters ('Values or Variables) Peace, 95432, -rtx, etc List: Collection of S-Expressions enclosed by () (The 100 times done) (Guava (43 (2.718 5) 56) Apple) What is a Null List: ()? Common Pitfall: Lists need to start with ' © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 8 All Rights Reserved.
- 9. Basic Operations Lisp Program = Sequence of Functions Applied to their Arguments Returning Lisp Objects Function Types Predicate Tests conditions with its arguments Returns Nil (FALSE) or anything else (TRUE) Command Performs operation with its arguments Returns an S-Expression © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 9 All Rights Reserved.
- 10. Basic Operations ... Format: (function arg1 arg2 … argn) Let's try Commands: car, cdr, cons, quote Predicates: atom, null NB Lisp is case-insensitive More: first, last, rest, append, consp, ... © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 10 All Rights Reserved.
- 11. Mathematical Operations Predicates: zerop, plusp, evenp, integerp, floatp Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, rem, 1+, 1- Comparisons: =, /=, <, >, <=, >= Rounding: floor, ceiling, truncate, round More Functions max, min, exp, expt, log, abs, signum, sqrt, isqrt © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 11 All Rights Reserved.
- 12. Control Structures Constants & Variables: Atoms w/ & w/o quote (') Assignment: setq, psetq, set, setf Conditionals: equal, cond, if Logical: and, or, not Functions (defun func-name (par1 … parn) (commands)) Unnamed: (lambda (par1 … parn) (commands)) © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 12 All Rights Reserved.
- 13. Let's try some functions Extract the second element from a list Insert an element at second position in a list Change nth element in a list Find length of a list (iteratively) Find variance of a list of elements © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 13 All Rights Reserved.
- 14. Iteration is Human Recursion is God © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 14 All Rights Reserved.
- 15. Recursion For any recursion, we need 2 things Recursive Relation Termination Condition Functional Procedural Recursive Relation From Mathematics. Tricky Extreme Fairly Simple Conditions Termination Needs Thought Fairly Trivial Condition Let's try some examples to understand © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 15 All Rights Reserved.
- 16. Tracing & Analysis Tracing Recursive Function Calls Enable tracing: (trace recursive-func) Invoke the function to be traced: (recursive-func …) Performance Analysis (time (func …)) Samples with our recursive functions © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 16 All Rights Reserved.
- 17. Tail Recursion Bottom most call's return = Topmost call's return Let's observe the trace on list reversal May not be always possible But if possible, it is a smart compiler advantage Cuts-off processing as soon as lowest level returns © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 17 All Rights Reserved.
- 18. Example: Set Operations Sets: List of AToms (LATs) Operations: member, union, intersection, adjoin Let's write some examples which support sets being elements of set © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 18 All Rights Reserved.
- 19. Basic Input / Output Basic Input (read [input-stream] [eof-error] [eof-value]) → s-expr Basic Output (print s-expr [output-stream]) → s-expr (format destination control-string [args]) © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 19 All Rights Reserved.
- 20. Loading Files Loading Lisp file for interpretation (load "file.lisp") Compiling a Lisp file (compile "file.lisp") or (compile "file") Loading a compiled Lisp file (load (compile "file.lisp")) © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 20 All Rights Reserved.
- 21. References Common Lisp: http://www.lisp.org CLISP: http://clisp.cons.org Practical Common Lisp by Peter Seibel Also @ http://www.gigamonkeys.com/book/ LISP Tutorial: http://www.mars.cs.unp.ac.za/lisp/ © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 21 All Rights Reserved.
- 22. What all have we learnt? W's of LISP Language Specifics Demonstration Data Structures Basic Operations Control Structures Basic I/O Fun with Recursion Power, Tail Recursion, Tracing & Analysis © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 22 All Rights Reserved.
- 23. Any Queries? © 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <[email protected]> 23 All Rights Reserved.