Geography_20250117_103649_00.......00.pdf
- 1. INTRODUCTION OF ETHNIC GROUPS IN THE PHILIPPINES
- 2. LESSON OBJECTIVES: Identify the ethnic groups of the Philippines. 1. 2. Explain the characteristics of different ethnic groups in the Philippines. 3. Categorize cultural components of various ethnic groups in the Philippines.
- 3. ETHNIC GROUPS a social group or category of the population that, in a larger society, is set apart and bound together by common ties of race, language, nationality, or culture.
- 4. Title ETHNICITY It refers to a sense of identity and membership in a group that shares a common language, cultural traits (values, beliefs, religion, food habits, customs, etc.)
- 5. The Philippines is home to more than 110 recognized indigenous cultural communities/ethnic groups spread across Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
- 7. ETHNIC GROUPS IN LUZON 1. NEGRITO G-strings (bahag) for men, wrap around skirts for women made of natural fibers. Austroasiatic or Negrito Languages. Semi-nomadic lifestle, hunting, gathering, and slash-and-burn farming. Aetas Festival Root crops, wild fruits, and honey; simple and natural food preparation Animism Mountain Ranges One of the earliest inhabitants of the Philippines, preserved the archipelago’s prehistoric culture.
- 8. Vakul and Kanayi Ivatan language, part of the Batanic languages. Cooperative farming ( kayvayvanan), close knit communities. Vakuls-Kanayi Festival in Batanes Flying fish ( dibang ), root crops, and turmeric rice. Roman Catholic Stone houses, vakuls, and traditional fishing boat. Batanes, northernmost part of the Philippines. ETHNIC GROUPS IN LUZON 2. IVATAN Known for building typhoon- resistant stone houses and promoting sustainable fishing.
- 9. ETHNIC GROUPS IN LUZON 3. IFUGAO Woven loincloths (wanoh) for men and wrap around skirts (ampuyo) for women. Ifugao language , with different subdialects. Rice terracing, agricultural rituals, woodcarving. Imabayah Festival Tinawon rice, pinikpikan (native chicken dish). Animistic beliefs with rituals for rice farming and some are chistians. Banaue Rice Terraces, wooden staues (Bulul) and weaving. Cordillera region Built the Banaue Rice Terraces, a UNESCO world heritage site.
- 10. ETHNIC GROUPS IN LUZON 4. ILOCANO Traditional woven garments like the abel lloco. Ilocano Timpuyog (unity), labor migration, and frugality. Pamulinawen Festival and Guling- Guling Festival. Pinakbet, dinengdeng, bagnet and empanada. Roman Caholic Abel weaving, pottery, and furniture- making. Ilocos region Played key roles in the Philippine Revolution and local governance
- 11. ETHNIC GROUPS IN LUZON 5. IBANAG Handwoven attire from abaca and cotton. Ibanag, a Northern Luzon language. Traditional dances, simballay (village cooperation). Bambanti Festival Pancit Cabagan, igado, and other meat-based dishes. Roman Catholic with pre-colonial beliefs in nature spirits. Weaving, pottery, and basketry. Cagayan Valley, Northern Luzon. Contributed to agriculture and trade in the region.
- 12. ETHNIC GROUPS IN LUZON 6. KAPANGPANGAN Baro’t saya for women and barong for men in traditional events. Kapampangan, part of the Central Luzon languages. Culinary excellence, strong family ties, pagmamano (respect gesture). Giant Lantern Festival. Sisig, morcon, tibok-tibok, and buro. Roman Catholic. Giant lanterns, furniture, and religious sculptures. Pampanga Known for culinary contributions and active participation in Philippine independence movements.
- 13. ETHNIC GROUPS IN LUZON 7. TAGALOG Barong Tagalog for men and baro’t saya for women. Tagalog Respect for elders (mano), fiestas, bayanihan. Pahiyas Festival, San Juan Festival. Adobo, sinigang, kare-kare, and halo- halo. Roman Catholic, with some indigenous beliefs. Intricate embroidery, jewelry-making, and traditional dances. Central Luzon and Southern Tagalog region. Played a central role in Philippine history, especially during the Spanish and American periods.
- 14. ETHNIC GROUPS IN VISAYAS AKLANON ancestry and origin: Bisaya ethnolinguistic group, Language: Akeanon tradition and custom: Kinship is traced bilaterally, and marriage is often arranged in a costly ceremony called Pamae Aye, which resembles the general Philippine pattern. religion: Roman Catholic, cultural identity: characterized by its vibrant festivals, skilled craftsmanship, and strong sense of community. festivals: Ati-Atihan Festival arts & crafts: exceptional craftsmanship, particularly in weaving, pottery, and woodcarving. geographical location: province of Aklan, located on the northern part of Panay Island in the Western Visayas region of the Philippines.
- 15. ETHNIC GROUPS IN VISAYAS BOHOLANO ancestry and origin: Bisaya ethnolinguistic group Language: dialect of Cebuano Tradition and custom: known for their strong sense of community and hospitality, often going above and beyond to welcome visitors. religion: Roman Catholic cultural identity: rich history, natural environment, and vibrant festivals. festivals: Sandugo Festival arts & crafts: skilled craftsmanship, particularly in weaving and basket making. geographical location: province of Bohol historical contribution: Promotion of tourism
- 16. ETHNIC GROUPS IN VISAYAS CEBUANO ancestry and origin: "Pintados," signifies their unique tradition of tattooing, which was a symbol of their social status and bravery. Language: Cebuano/ Bisaya tradition and custom: known for their love of music, dance, and storytelling religion: Roman Catholic cultural identity: characterized by its vibrant festivals, skilled craftsmanship, and strong sense of community. festivals: Sinulog Festival arts & crafts: craftsmanship, particularly in weaving, basketry, and woodcarving. geographical location: island of Cebu historical contribution: Contributions to Philippine Arts and Culture
- 17. ETHNIC GROUPS IN VISAYAS HILIGAYNON ancestry and origin: Their name, "Hiligaynon," is believed to be derived from t Spanish term "Yli Guen Es," which in turn comes from the Hiligaynon word "Iliga "Iliganon." This word refers to a river, or literally "where the water flows down," reflecting the importance of waterways in their early settlements. Language: Hiligaynon language, also known as Ilonggo tradition and custom: known for their strong sense of community, hospitality, respect for elders. religion: Roman Catholic cultural identity: characterized by its vibrant festivals, skilled craftsmanship, strong sense of community festivals: Dinagsa Festival arts & crafts: craftsmanship, particularly in weaving, basketry, and woodcarvi geographical location: island of Panay historical y: Preservation of Indigenous Traditions
- 18. ETHNIC GROUPS IN VISAYAS WARAY ancestry and origin: Their name, "Waray," is believed to be derived from the word "waray" in their language, which means "none" or "nothing," possibly reflecting their early encounters with other group Language: Lineyte-Samarnon or Binisaya tradition and custom: Waray people are known for their bravery and resilience, often depicted as strong warriors religion: Roman Catholic cultural identity: known for their resilience, adaptability, and their ability to blend tradition with modernity. festivals: Karay-a Pan Festival arts & crafts: craftsmanship, particularly in weaving, basketry, and woodcarving. geographical location: islands of Samar, Leyte, and Biliran historical contribution: Contributions to Philippine Arts and
- 19. ETHNIC GROUPS IN MINDANAO MANOBO ancestry and origin: inhabiting the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. Language: Manobo language tradition and custom:strong connection to nature and their traditional practices centered around agriculture, hunting, and fishing. religion: animism cultural identity: deep respect for the environment, their strong community bonds, and their vibrant artistic traditions. festivals: Sunggod ta Kamanga Festival arts & crafts: Abaca Weaving geographical location: Mindanao Island
- 20. ETHNIC GROUPS IN MINDANAO MAMANWA ancestry and origin: referred to as the "Negrito" group Language: speak a language called Mamanwa tradition and custom: religion: animism cultural identity: known for their distinct physical features, traditional clothing made from natural materials festivals: Curacha Ritual, Harvest festival arts & crafts: Basket Weaving, Body Ornamentation geographical location: Surigao del Norte/sur, Agusan Del norte/sur historical contribution: Their sustainable practices in using forest resources reflect their deep knowledge of the environment.
- 21. ETHNIC GROUPS IN MINDANAO SUBANON ancestry and origin: found in Mindanao, specifically in the northeastern part of the island. Language: Subanon language tradition and custom: Subanon men and women wear colorful garments, The Subanon practice "buklog," a thanksgiving ritual religion: animism, Over time, many Subanon have adopted Christianity or Islam festivals: Buklog Festival, Harvest Festivals arts & crafts: Weaving and Embroidery, Beadwork geographical location: Zamboanga del sur/ del norte, sibugay historical contribution: they continue to protect their ancestral lands and maintain their cultural identity
- 22. ETHNIC GROUPS IN MINDANAO MARANAO ancestry and origin: Muslim group primarily inhabiting the Lanao re in Mindanao Language: Maranao language tradition and custom: rich oral tradition, with stories, songs, and da passed down through generations. religion: Muslim cultural identity: strong Islamic beliefs, their vibrant artistic traditi and their strong sense of community. festivals: Sagayan Festival arts & crafts: Famous for their intricate weaving ("malong") and "torogan" houses. geographical location: Lake Lanao in the Lanao provinces of Minda Philippines.
- 23. ETHNIC GROUPS IN MINDANAO BAGOBO ancestry and origin: inhabiting the Davao region in Mindanao Language: Cebuano or Filipino tradition and custom: hierarchical structure, The pang-alay, a traditional dance, is often part of these rituals. religion: animism, But some of them converted to Christianity or Islam cultural identity: known for their vibrant cultural expressions, including their intricate weaving, beadwork, and rituals. festivals: Kaamulan Festival arts & crafts: Weaving, Brasswork, Musical Instruments geographical location: Davao historical contribution: Today, their crafts, music, and rituals continue to inspire and preserve the country’s indigenous heritage.
- 24. ETHNIC GROUPS IN MINDANAO KAMAYO ancestry and origin: inhabiting the mountainous regions of northern Luzon. Language: kamayo languages, cebuano tradition and custom: Kamayo practice rituals tied to agriculture, healing, and spiritual protection, often involving offerings to spirits. religion: Animism, but they embrace catholicism cultural identity: kamayo people are known for their unique language festivals: Kahimunan Festival arts & crafts: weaving, beadwork geographical location: Surigao del sur historical contribution: despite external influences, contributing to the rich tapestry of Philippine indigenous heritage.
- 25. Considering the rich diversity of ethnic groups in the Philippines, how do you think preserving their unique traditions and practices contributes to the country's national identity in a rapidly modernizing world?
- 26. " Ethnicity should enrich us; it should make us a unique people in our diversity and not be used to divide us. “ Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
- 27. THANK YOU!!