Git and git hub basics

GIT & GitHub Basics
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What is Git?
Git is a distributed version control
system, meaning your local copy of code
is a complete version control repository.

Github
GitHub is a Git repository hosting service, but it
adds many of its own features. While Git is a
command line tool, GitHub provides a Web-
based graphical interface. It also provides access
control and several collaboration features, such
as a wikis and basic task management tools for
every project.

Gitbucket
GitHub is an open source hosting
services. This provides free repositories
but for utilizing all features, the user
might have to buy the premium package.

GitLab
GitLab is an open source of
self-hosting services. It is free
for every community of
coders.

How to Install the git
Here are the steps to follow to install Git on Windows:
1. Download the executable Git file from git-scm.com/downloads
2. Run the installation file with Administrator rights
3. Choose an appropriate installation location such as C:_toolsgit
4. Install the default components, including Git GUI Here and Git Bash
Here
5. Choose your preferred Git default editor. We recommend Notepad++.
6. Allow Git to be added to the Windows PATH
7. Accept the default line ending conversion for Unix and Windows
compatibility
8. Chose the extra option to enable system caching
9. Click Finish to complete the install.
10. Choose to open a Git Bash shell and start using Git!

1. Images for how to install the git

How to create github account
•Some steps to be followed:
•Go to https://github.com/join in a web browser. You can use any web browser on your computer,
phone, or tablet to join.Some add blockers, including uBlock Origin, prevent GitHub's verification
CAPTCHA puzzle from appearing. For best results, disable your web browser's add blocker when
signing up for GitHub.
•Enter your personal details. In addition to creating a username and entering an email address, you'll
also have to create a password. Your password must be at least 15 characters in length or at least 8
characters with at least one number and lowercase letter.[1]
•Click the green Create an account button. It's below the form.
•Complete the CAPTCHA puzzle. The instructions vary by puzzle, so just follow the on-screen
instructions to confirm that you are a human.
•Click the Choose button for your desired plan. One you select a plan, GitHub will send an email
confirmation message to the address you entered. The plan options are:[2]
•Click the Verify email address button in the message from GitHub. This confirms your email
address and returns you to the sign-up process.
•Review your plan selection and click Continue. You can also choose whether you want to receive
updates from GitHub via email by checking or unchecking the "Send me updates" box.
•Select your preferences and click Submit. GitHub displays a quick survey that can help you tailor
your experience to match what you're looking for. Once you make your selection, you'll be taken to a
screen that allows you to set up your first repository.

Image for how to create the github account

How to create github repository
Steps to Create a repository:
1. In the upper-right corner of any page, use the drop-down
menu, and select New repository.
2. Type a short, memorable name for your repository. ...
3. Optionally, add a description of your repository. ...
4. Choose to make the repository either public or private. ...
5. Select Initialize this repository with a README.
6. Click Create repository.

1. Image for how to create github repository

2. Image for how to create github repository

How to install the Visual Studio Code
1) Navigate to download link https://code.visualstudio.com/download
You can choose the custom 32 bit or 64 bit if you are aware of which
architecture system you are using. If you are not sure then you can
simply click on windows Icon. This would download the VS Code installer to
your machine.
2) Start VS-Code Installation Process: Navigate to the folder where VS-Code
Installer is downloaded and double click on it to kick start the installation
process. Once the installation is started, click Next on the welcome screen.
3) Accept the License Agreement: Go through the license agreement, Click on I
accept the agreement and click Next.
4) Choose Installation Directory: By default, VS-Code is installed
under C:users{username}AppDataLocalProgramsMicrosoft VS Code, but
this default location of installation can be changed by clicking on Browse.
5) Choose Start Menu Folder: By Default, the program’s shortcut will be placed
in the Visual Studio Code folder but this can be changed from this window.
Once done, click on Next.

6) Choose Additional Options: Various options to choose:
•Create a desktop icon: Upon choosing this option desktop shortcut will be
created, it will be easy for you to launch VS Code next time.
•Add “Open with code” action to Windows Explorer file context menu: This
would allow an option to open a file in VS Code on performing the right click
on the file.
•Add Open with code action to Windows Explorer folder context menu: This
would allow an option to open a folder in VS Code on performing the right
click on the folder.
•Register Code as an editor for supported file types: File supported by VS
Code will be automatically opened in Visual Studio Code editor.
•Add to PATH (available after restart): Visual Studio Code installed directory
path will be added to an environment variable automatically but after the
restart.
•Once you choose options that you need, click on Next to continue the
installation:

6) Review selected options: Ready to Install screen
will show you things which you chose from the
previous screen, you can review. Change anything if
necessary, else click on Install to begin the installation.
7) Launch the Visual Studio Code: Wait for the
installation to complete and at the end final window
will be displayed. Select Launch VS Code and click
on FInish.
8) Editor Screen Opens: The VS Code IDE is launched
and the editor is now open.

1. Images for how to install the visual studio code

2. Images for how to install the visual studio code

Git Commands
1. git init = git init
2. git clone = git clone /path/to/repository
3. git clone username@host:/path/to/repository
4. git push = git push -u origin master/git push -u origin master
5. git pull = git pull origin master
6. git remote = git remote and origin TestGit
7. git commit = git commit -m "first commit" test.txt/git
commit -m "second commit" test.txt
8. git add = git add test.txt
9. git config --global user.name "Sam Smith"git config --
global user.email sam@example.com
10. Status = git status

Github Interview Questions
1. What is the command you can use to write a
commit message?
The command that is used to write a commit message is
“git commit –a”. The –a on the command line instructs
git to commit the new content of all tracked files that
have been modified. You can use “git add<file>” before
git commit –a if new files need to be committed for the
first time.

2. What is the difference between GIT and SVN?
The difference between GIT and SVN is
a) Git is less preferred for handling extremely large files
or frequently changing binary files while SVN can handle
multiple projects stored in the same repository.
b) GIT does not support ‘commits’ across multiple
branches or tags. Subversion allows the creation of folders
at any location in the repository layout.
c) Gits are unchangeable, while Subversion allows
committers to treat a tag as a branch and to create multiple
revisions under a tag root.

3. What are the advantages of using GIT?
a) Data redundancy and replication
b) High availability
c) Only one.git directory per repository
d) Superior disk utilization and network
performance
e) Collaboration friendly
f) Any sort of projects can use GIT

4. What language is used in GIT?
GIT is fast, and ‘C’ language makes this possible
by reducing the overhead of runtimes associated
with higher languages.
5. What is the function of ‘GIT PUSH’ in GIT?
‘GIT PUSH’ updates remote refs along with
associated objects.

6. What is the function of git clone?
The git clone command creates a copy of
an existing Git repository. To get the copy
of a central repository, ‘cloning’ is the
most common way used by programmers.

7. What is the function of ‘git config’?
The ‘git config’ command is a convenient
way to set configuration options for your
Git installation. Behaviour of a
repository, user info, preferences etc. can
be defined through this command.

Git and git hub basics

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