GPB 517 germplasm evaluation.pptx
- 2. GERMPLASM ACTIVITIES Exploration and collection conservation Evaluation Documentation Distribution Utilisation
- 3. EXPLORATION AND COLLECTION Exploration refers to collection trips and collection refer to tapping of genetic diversity from various sources and various sources and assembling the same at one place.
- 4. CONSERVATION Conservation refers to protection of genetic diversity of crop plants from genetic erosion. They are Insitu conservation Ex situ conservation
- 5. Insitu conservation : Conservation of germplasm under natural habitat is referred as an in- situ conservation. Example : Natural parks Ex - Situ Conservation : It refers to preservation of germplasm in gene banks . The Germplasm is conserved either in the form of seed or in the meristem cultures
- 7. GENETIC EROSION Gradual reduction in genetic variability due to elimination of various genotypes. It results due to use of modern cultivars , modernization of agriculture and various development activities.
- 9. EVALUATION Evaluation refers to screening of germplasm in respect of morphological, genetical , economic, biochemical, physiological , pathological, and entomological attributes. To get a clear picture about the significance of individual germplasm line.
- 10. To identify gene sources for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses , earliness , dwarfness , productivity quality characters. Germplasm cataloguing – Each germplasm is an accession number. This number is pre fixed in India either IC ( Indigenous collection) , EC ( Exotic IW ( Indigenous wild).
- 11. Information on the species and variety names , places, origin, adaptation and on its various features descriptors is also recorded in the Germplasm maintenance records. Catalogues of the Germplasm collection for crops are published by the gene banks
- 12. STEPS IN GERMPLASM EVALUATION Passport data form : ( site identification data, Collector ‘s No, Type of material and status, Growing condition – soil, topography, source ( field / farm store/ Institute)
- 14. Characterization ( heritage characters) Spike shape , seed shape , seed colour..
- 15. AGENCIES ASSOCIATED WITH GERMPLASM International Plant Genetic Resources Institute ( IPGRI), Rome ,Italy National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources ( NBPGR), New Delhi, India.
- 16. GLOBAL SEED VAULT, NORWAY It is a long-term seed storage facility,built to stand the test of time and the challenge of natural or man-made disasters. The seed vault represents the world ‘s largest collection of crop diversity.
- 19. DOCUMENTATION Documentation refers to compilation, analysis, Classification, storage and dissemination of information. It provides information about various activities of Plant genetic resources. It helps in making genetic resources accessible to plant breeders and other users.
- 20. DISTRIBUTION The distribution of germplasm is one of the important activities of genetic resources centres. The specific germplasm lines are supplied to the users on demand for utilization in the crop improvement programs.
- 21. UTILISATION Utilisation refers to use of germplasm in crop improvement programs.