Grammabook2finished
- 1. Grammar Book Part 2 Raquel Hynes
- 2. Table of Contence Imperfect vs. Preterite Future vs. Conditional Por Para Por vs. Para Commands Present Perfect Double Object Pronouns Adverbs Subjunctive Se Impersonal Progressive w/ ir, andar, and suguir
- 3. Imperfect vs. Preterite Refers to ONE A continuous action specific event or in the past! ER/IR time in the past! AR AR ia iamos Er/Ir ab abam e amos i imos a os iais abas abais ias aste asteis iste isteis ab aban ia ian o aron a io ieron Ser ver ir Ser & Ir Dar Hacer •era •veia •iba •fui •di •hice •Eras •Veias •Ibas •Fuiste •Diste •Hiciste' •Era •Veia •Iba •Fue •Dio •Hizo •Eramos •Veiamos •Ibamos •Fuimos •Dimos •Hicimos •Erias •Veiais •Ibais •Fuisteis •Disteis •Hicisteis •eran •veian •iban •Fueron •dieron •hicieron
- 4. Future vs. Conditional What WILL happen in Something will happen the future “conditionally” (would or could) Verb Stem e emos ia iamos Change Decir Dir ias as Hacer Har ia ian a an Poner Pondr Salir Saldr Tener Tendr venir Vendr Poder Podr Querer Querr Saber Sabr Valer Valdr
- 5. Por to express gratitude apology for multiplication for division meaning through, along, by or in the area of. Regarding exchange (dealing with money and numbers) to express a length of time for means of communication or transportation to express cause or reason
- 6. Para to indicate destination to show the use or purpose of a THING in order to or for the purpose of to express a deadline (paramedics)
- 7. Por vs. Para Por • to express gratitude Para • apology • to indicate destination • for multiplication • to show the use or purpose of • for division a THING • meaning • in order to or for the purpose through, along, by or in the of area of. • to express a deadline • Regarding exchange (paramedics) (dealing with money and numbers) • to express a length of time • for means of communication or transportation • to express cause or reason
- 8. Commands Tu Affirmative Ud./Uds. Affirmative •drop the „s‟ •put it in the yo form and change •Irregulars: the opposite vowel •Di, haz, ve, pon, sal, se, ten, ven •Irregulars: •TVDISHES Tu Negative Ud./ Uds. Negative •put it in yo form and change the •same as above to opposite vowel, add an „s‟ •Irregulars •Irregulars: •TVDISHES •TVDISHES Nosotros •Make same as Ud./Uds. •Irregulars: •TVDISHES •Don‟t forget about. monkey verbs
- 9. Present Perfect • Take the past participle and combine it with the auxiliary verbs: has or have He Hemos Has Ha Han Drop the infinitive - Ar add –ado - Ir add –ido
- 10. Direct Object Pronouns Me Me Le lo = se lo You Tu Le la = se la (familiar) Le los= se los Le las = se las Him, her, it, you Lo, la, el Les lo = se lo Les la = se la Les lo = se los Us Nos Les las = se las You all Os The direct object answer who (familiar) or what. The pronoun that takes place of the direct Them, you all (formal) Los, las object makes the sentence more simple and easy to say.
- 11. Adverbs Adverbs are usually formed by adding the ending –mente to the singular feminine form of the adjective. Spanish English Muy very Nunca never Peor Worse Poco Little Mal Badly Mucho A lot Siempre always
- 12. Subjunctive verb Stem change conducir Condusca Decir Diga Wish oir Oiga God and Emotion Guesses dar De Estar Este saber Sepa WEDDING ser Sea Negotiation and non- Denial existing hacer haya Es importante que Impersonal Es necesario que Doubt Expression Es posible que Es probable ques Ojala que
- 13. Se impersonal •Used to avoid specifying a person who is doing the action of the verb. To specify as “you”; :however not you specifically.
- 14. Progressive w/ Ir, Seguir, andar •+ando/iendo/yendo Ir •Slowly but surely _____-ing •+ando/iendo/yendo andar •Is going around _____-ing •+ando/iendo/yendo Seguir •Is still _____=ing