Graphical User Interface (GUI)
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This document discusses Java graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It describes the three main Java GUI classes: AWT, Swing, and JavaFX. AWT includes 12 packages and 370 classes, with the most commonly used being java.awt and java.awt.event. These packages contain core GUI components like buttons and text fields, as well as event handling classes. Swing provides a comprehensive collection of over 700 reusable GUI components across 18 packages. It supports features like tooltips and drag-and-drop. Layout managers like BorderLayout, FlowLayout and GridBagLayout are used to arrange components within containers like frames and panels.
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Graphical User Interface (GUI)
- 2. Java GUI • GUI means ”Graphical User Interface.” • There are three graphic classes in java: • Awt • Swing • JavaFX
- 3. Java AWT • AWT have 12 packages & 370 classes. • Most commonly used: 1. java.awt 2. java.awt.event • java.awt package contains the core AWT graphics classes: 1. GUI component classes, such as button, textfield, and label. 2. GUI container classes, such as frame and panel. 3. Layout managers, such as flowlayout, borderlayout and gridlayout. 4. Custom graphics classes, such as graphics, color and font.
- 4. Java AWT Event • The java.awt.event package supports event handling: 1. Event classes, such as ActionEvent, MouseEvent, KeyEvent and WindowEvent 2. Event Listener Interfaces, such as ActionListener, MouseListener, MouseMotionListener, KeyListener and WindowListener 3. Event Listener Adapter classes, such as MouseAdapter, KeyAdapter, and WindowAdapter
- 5. Containers & Components • There are two types of GUI elements: 1. Component: Components are elementary GUI entities, such as Button, Label, and TextField. 2. Container: Containers, such as Frame and Panel, are used to hold components in a specific layout (such as FlowLayout or GridLayout). A container can also hold sub- containers.
- 6. Layout Manager Following are several layout managers: Border layout Flow layout GridBag layout To arrange the components inside a container we use the layout manager.
- 7. • Border Layout : The default layout manager for every JFrame is BorderLayout. It places components in upto five places which is top, bottom, left, right and center. • Flow Layout : FlowLayout simply lays the components in a row one after the other, it is the default layout manager for every JPanel. • Gridbag Layout : GridBagLayout places the components in a grid which allows the components to span more than one cell.
- 8. Swing • Swing is part of the “Java Foundation Classes (JFC).” • Swing provides a huge and comprehensive collection of reusable GUI components. • There are 18 packages & 737 classes in Swing.
- 9. Swing Features • Swing supports mouse-less operation, i.e., it can operate entirely using keyboard. • Swing components support “tool-tips.” • You can drag-and-drop a Swing component.
- 10. Java Swing Class Hierarchy • All the components in swing like JButton, JComboBox, JList, JLabel are inherited from the JComponent class which can be added to the container classes. Containers are the windows like frame and dialog boxes. Basic swing components are the building blocks of any GUI application. • Containers like JFrame and JDialog can only add a component to itself.
- 11. Thank You