Graphics in C programming
Download as PPTX, PDF9 likes6,866 views
This document provides an introduction to computer graphics and outlines some basic functions. It discusses initializing graphics mode using initgraph(), closing graphics mode with closegraph(), and checking for errors with graphresult(). Common graphics functions introduced include putpixel() and getpixel() for drawing pixels, setcolor() and setbcolor() for setting colors, and line(), circle(), ellipse(), and rectangle() for drawing shapes. Additional functions like settextstyle() and outtext() are used for displaying text.
1 of 21
Downloaded 238 times
Ad
Recommended
Loops in C
Loops in CKamal Acharya This document discusses different types of loops in programming like while, do-while, and for loops. It also covers statements for exiting loops early like break, continue, and goto. Break exits the entire loop, continue skips to the next iteration, and goto unconditionally jumps to a labeled statement.
C language ppt
C language pptĞäùråv Júñêjå The document provides an overview of the C programming language. It discusses that C was developed at Bell Labs in the 1970s and is a general purpose language closely associated with UNIX. It then covers C's character set, keywords, basic program structure including header files and library functions, data types, variables, constants, and provides a simple "Hello World" example program.
Introduction to graphics programming in c
Introduction to graphics programming in cbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an introduction to graphics programming in C. It discusses setting up graphics using GCC, basic concepts of graphics programming in C, common graphics functions like line(), circle(), rectangle(), and text functions like outtext() and outtextxy(). It also includes a short example program to demonstrate drawing various shapes and text.
String functions in C
String functions in Cbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an overview of common string functions in C including strcmp(), strcat(), strcpy(), and strlen(). It defines each function, explains what it is used for, provides the syntax, and includes examples of how each string function works in C code. Overall, the document is a tutorial on the most common string manipulation functions available in the standard C string library.
Global warming PowerPoint presentation
Global warming PowerPoint presentationRitik Kumar This is the PowerPoint presentation of Global warming which includes causes, effects precautions and famous quotes given by inspirational leaders. It is very helpful for students.
Thank You❤️
c-programming
c-programmingZulhazmi Harith The document provides an introduction to C programming, covering topics such as what a program is, programming languages, the history of C, and the development stages of a C program. It discusses the key components of a C program including preprocessing directives, the main function, and program layout. Examples are provided to illustrate C code structure and the use of variables, keywords, operators, input/output functions, and formatting output with printf.
Python ppt
Python pptMohita Pandey Learn Python online and start coding on python,Get more detais of python and join free online python calsses on Almamapper.com.
Modular Programming in C
Modular Programming in Cbhawna kol The document discusses modular programming in C. Modular programming involves breaking a large program into smaller sub-programs or modules. This makes the program easier to use, maintain and reuse code. Functions are a key part of modular programming in C. Functions allow breaking a program into reusable modules that perform specific tasks. Functions can be called anywhere in a program to perform tasks without rewriting code. Modular programming improves readability, reduces errors and makes programs easier to maintain and modify.
Graphics in C++
Graphics in C++Ahsan Mughal In this slides describe the use of C++ Graphics and basic graphics function are describe in this slides.
Mid point circle algorithm
Mid point circle algorithmMani Kanth This document describes the midpoint circle algorithm for drawing circles given a radius and center point. It works by starting at an initial point on the circumference, calculating a decision parameter, and then iteratively determining the next point by testing if the decision parameter is positive or negative and updating the parameter according to the point's coordinates. It also explains how to determine additional points in the other octants and shift the calculated pixel positions to be centered on the given center point.
3D transformation in computer graphics
3D transformation in computer graphicsSHIVANI SONI This document discusses different types of 2D and 3D transformations that are used in computer graphics, including translation, rotation, scaling, shearing, and reflection. It provides the mathematical equations and transformation matrices used to perform each type of transformation on 2D and 3D points and objects. Key types of rotations discussed are roll (around z-axis), pitch (around x-axis), and yaw (around y-axis). Homogeneous coordinates are introduced for representing 3D points.
2d transformation
2d transformationSarkunavathi Aribal 2D transformations can be represented by matrices and include translations, rotations, scalings, and reflections. Translations move objects by adding a translation vector. Rotations rotate objects around the origin by pre-multiplying the point coordinates with a rotation matrix. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects by multiplying the point coordinates with scaling factors. Composite transformations represent multiple transformations applied in sequence, with the overall transformation represented as the matrix product of the individual transformations. The order of transformations matters as matrix multiplication is not commutative.
Bresenham circle
Bresenham circleTaher Barodawala The document describes Bresenham's circle generation algorithm. It explains that circles have 8-point symmetry that can be exploited to only calculate a quarter circle. It derives the algorithm by interpolating discrete pixels along a small arc and choosing the pixel with minimum error. It determines the initial decision parameter and the recurrence relation to calculate the next decision parameter in the algorithm. The full pseudocode of the algorithm is also provided.
Cohen sutherland line clipping
Cohen sutherland line clippingMani Kanth The Cohen-Sutherland algorithm divides the plane into 9 regions and uses 4-bit codes to encode whether each endpoint of a line segment is left, right, above, or below the clipping window. It then uses the endpoint codes to either trivially accept or reject the line segment, or perform clipping by calculating the intersection point of the line with the window boundary and replacing the outside endpoint. The main steps are to assign codes to endpoints, AND the codes to check for trivial acceptance or rejection, clip by replacing outside endpoints if needed, and repeating for other line segments.
Function in C program
Function in C programNurul Zakiah Zamri Tan The document discusses functions in C programming. It defines functions as self-contained blocks of code that perform a specific task. Functions make a program more modular and easier to debug by dividing a large program into smaller, simpler tasks. Functions can take arguments as input and return values. Functions are called from within a program to execute their code.
Illumination Models & Shading
Illumination Models & ShadingInternational Institute of Information Technology (I²IT) An illumination model, also called a lighting model and sometimes referred to as a shading model, is used to calculate the intensity of light that we should see at a given point on the surface of an object.
Attributes of output Primitive 
Attributes of output Primitive SachiniGunawardana This document discusses various attributes that can be applied to output primitives in computer graphics. It describes character attributes like font, size, color and orientation that control text appearance. Marker attributes determine properties of individual marker symbols. Bundled attributes allow setting a set of attribute values for a primitive using an index. Inquiry functions provide a way to get information about current attribute values. Antialiasing techniques like increasing resolution through supersampling are also covered to improve image quality.
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)Timbal Mayank with today's advanced technology like photoshop, paint etc. we need to understand some basic concepts like how they are cropping the image , tilt the image etc.
In our presentation you will find basic introduction of 2D transformation.
BEC007 -Digital image processing.pdf
BEC007 -Digital image processing.pdfgopikahari7 The document discusses digital image processing and provides details on key concepts. It begins with an overview of digital image fundamentals such as image sampling and quantization. Next, it describes the components of an image processing system including image sensors, hardware, software, displays and storage. Finally, it covers topics such as image formation in the eye, brightness adaptation, and the representation of digital images through sampling and quantization.
Polygon filling
Polygon fillingMohanlal Sukhadia University (MLSU) The document discusses different techniques for filling polygons, including boundary fill, flood fill, and scan-line fill methods. It provides details on how each technique works, such as using a seed point and filling neighboring pixels for boundary fill, replacing all pixels of a selected color for flood fill, and drawing pixels between edge intersections for each scan line for scan-line fill. Examples are given to illustrate the filling process for each method.
Circle drawing algo.
Circle drawing algo.Mohd Arif This document describes Bresenham's circle algorithm for efficiently scan converting a circle. It begins by explaining the symmetry of a circle and prior inefficient polynomial and trigonometric methods. It then presents Bresenham's algorithm which takes advantage of the circle's symmetry and uses a decision variable to determine whether to move in the x or y direction to plot each pixel, ensuring points are always closest to the true circle. The algorithm is presented with variables initialized and steps to iterate through the first octant to plot all pixels.
Type conversion
Type conversionFrijo Francis Type conversion in C provides two methods: implicit type conversion which occurs automatically during expressions, and explicit type conversion using cast expressions. Implicit conversion occurs when different types are used in expressions, such as when an int is used in a calculation with a float. The usual arithmetic conversions implicitly promote operands to the smallest type that can accommodate both values. Explicit casting uses cast operators to force a type conversion.
Functions in C
Functions in CKamal Acharya This document discusses different types of functions in C programming. It defines library functions, user-defined functions, and the key elements of functions like prototypes, arguments, parameters, return values. It categorizes functions based on whether they have arguments and return values. The document also explains how functions are called, either by value where changes are not reflected back or by reference where the original values are changed.
3 d transformation
3 d transformationMani Kanth Here are the key steps to solve this problem:
1. Write the rotation matrix for 45 degree rotation about the x-axis:
R = [1 0 0]
[0 cos(45) -sin(45)]
[0 sin(45) cos(45)]
2. Write the scaling matrix with factors of 4 in each direction:
S = [4 0 0]
[0 4 0]
[0 0 4]
3. Pre-multiply the original coordinates by the rotation matrix, then scale the results by pre-multiplying the rotation matrix by the scaling matrix:
A' = SR(0,1,0)
= S(0,0.
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...Mani Kanth The document discusses window to viewport transformation and the use of homogeneous coordinates. A window defines the area of data to display, while a viewport defines where on the display device the window will appear. Window to viewport transformation maps the window coordinates to viewport coordinates using translation and resizing. Homogeneous coordinates represent points using an extra dimension, allowing rotation, scaling and other transformations to be represented using matrix multiplication.
OpenGL Introduction.
OpenGL Introduction.Girish Ghate The document provides an introduction and overview of OpenGL graphics programming. It discusses that OpenGL is a 3D graphics rendering API that is hardware independent and portable. The document outlines the OpenGL rendering pipeline and libraries. It describes that OpenGL is not a language itself but makes calls to functions from libraries like GLUT, GLU, and OpenGL in a programming language like C/C++. The basic framework of an OpenGL program and functions for initializing OpenGL state, registering callbacks, and the event processing loop are also covered.
Type conversion
Type conversionPreethaPreetha5 This document discusses type conversion in C++. It explains that type conversion is the process of converting one predefined type into another. It discusses implicit type conversion performed by the compiler without programmer intervention when differing data types are mixed in an expression. It also discusses explicit type conversion using constructor functions and casting operators to convert between basic and class types. Examples are provided of converting between integer, float, and class types.
Notes 2D-Transformation Unit 2 Computer graphics
Notes 2D-Transformation Unit 2 Computer graphicsNANDINI SHARMA Notes of 2D Transformation including Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection, Shearing with solved problem.
Clipping algorithm like cohen-sutherland-hodgeman, midpoint-subdivision with solved problem.
Graphics Programming in C
Graphics Programming in CKasun Ranga Wijeweera This document provides an overview of graphics programming in C using Turbo C++. It outlines the course content which includes drawing points, lines, polygons, circles and filling areas. It also discusses geometric transformations in 2D and 3D as well as line clipping algorithms. It provides details on setting up the integrated development environment and creating a graphics header file to initialize and exit graphics mode. It includes code examples to display a single point on the screen by approximating pixel coordinates as integers.
Computer Graphics Practical
Computer Graphics PracticalNeha Sharma The document discusses computer graphics and provides examples of its applications. It discusses graphics inbuilt functions such as arc(), initgraph(), closegraph(), and line(). It provides code snippets and explanations for these functions. It also lists algorithms for direct and Bresenham lines, circles, ellipses, and their code programs. Finally, it mentions static and dynamic applications of computer graphics.
Ad
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Graphics in C++
Graphics in C++Ahsan Mughal In this slides describe the use of C++ Graphics and basic graphics function are describe in this slides.
Mid point circle algorithm
Mid point circle algorithmMani Kanth This document describes the midpoint circle algorithm for drawing circles given a radius and center point. It works by starting at an initial point on the circumference, calculating a decision parameter, and then iteratively determining the next point by testing if the decision parameter is positive or negative and updating the parameter according to the point's coordinates. It also explains how to determine additional points in the other octants and shift the calculated pixel positions to be centered on the given center point.
3D transformation in computer graphics
3D transformation in computer graphicsSHIVANI SONI This document discusses different types of 2D and 3D transformations that are used in computer graphics, including translation, rotation, scaling, shearing, and reflection. It provides the mathematical equations and transformation matrices used to perform each type of transformation on 2D and 3D points and objects. Key types of rotations discussed are roll (around z-axis), pitch (around x-axis), and yaw (around y-axis). Homogeneous coordinates are introduced for representing 3D points.
2d transformation
2d transformationSarkunavathi Aribal 2D transformations can be represented by matrices and include translations, rotations, scalings, and reflections. Translations move objects by adding a translation vector. Rotations rotate objects around the origin by pre-multiplying the point coordinates with a rotation matrix. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects by multiplying the point coordinates with scaling factors. Composite transformations represent multiple transformations applied in sequence, with the overall transformation represented as the matrix product of the individual transformations. The order of transformations matters as matrix multiplication is not commutative.
Bresenham circle
Bresenham circleTaher Barodawala The document describes Bresenham's circle generation algorithm. It explains that circles have 8-point symmetry that can be exploited to only calculate a quarter circle. It derives the algorithm by interpolating discrete pixels along a small arc and choosing the pixel with minimum error. It determines the initial decision parameter and the recurrence relation to calculate the next decision parameter in the algorithm. The full pseudocode of the algorithm is also provided.
Cohen sutherland line clipping
Cohen sutherland line clippingMani Kanth The Cohen-Sutherland algorithm divides the plane into 9 regions and uses 4-bit codes to encode whether each endpoint of a line segment is left, right, above, or below the clipping window. It then uses the endpoint codes to either trivially accept or reject the line segment, or perform clipping by calculating the intersection point of the line with the window boundary and replacing the outside endpoint. The main steps are to assign codes to endpoints, AND the codes to check for trivial acceptance or rejection, clip by replacing outside endpoints if needed, and repeating for other line segments.
Function in C program
Function in C programNurul Zakiah Zamri Tan The document discusses functions in C programming. It defines functions as self-contained blocks of code that perform a specific task. Functions make a program more modular and easier to debug by dividing a large program into smaller, simpler tasks. Functions can take arguments as input and return values. Functions are called from within a program to execute their code.
Illumination Models & Shading
Illumination Models & ShadingInternational Institute of Information Technology (I²IT) An illumination model, also called a lighting model and sometimes referred to as a shading model, is used to calculate the intensity of light that we should see at a given point on the surface of an object.
Attributes of output Primitive
Attributes of output Primitive SachiniGunawardana This document discusses various attributes that can be applied to output primitives in computer graphics. It describes character attributes like font, size, color and orientation that control text appearance. Marker attributes determine properties of individual marker symbols. Bundled attributes allow setting a set of attribute values for a primitive using an index. Inquiry functions provide a way to get information about current attribute values. Antialiasing techniques like increasing resolution through supersampling are also covered to improve image quality.
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)Timbal Mayank with today's advanced technology like photoshop, paint etc. we need to understand some basic concepts like how they are cropping the image , tilt the image etc.
In our presentation you will find basic introduction of 2D transformation.
BEC007 -Digital image processing.pdf
BEC007 -Digital image processing.pdfgopikahari7 The document discusses digital image processing and provides details on key concepts. It begins with an overview of digital image fundamentals such as image sampling and quantization. Next, it describes the components of an image processing system including image sensors, hardware, software, displays and storage. Finally, it covers topics such as image formation in the eye, brightness adaptation, and the representation of digital images through sampling and quantization.
Polygon filling
Polygon fillingMohanlal Sukhadia University (MLSU) The document discusses different techniques for filling polygons, including boundary fill, flood fill, and scan-line fill methods. It provides details on how each technique works, such as using a seed point and filling neighboring pixels for boundary fill, replacing all pixels of a selected color for flood fill, and drawing pixels between edge intersections for each scan line for scan-line fill. Examples are given to illustrate the filling process for each method.
Circle drawing algo.
Circle drawing algo.Mohd Arif This document describes Bresenham's circle algorithm for efficiently scan converting a circle. It begins by explaining the symmetry of a circle and prior inefficient polynomial and trigonometric methods. It then presents Bresenham's algorithm which takes advantage of the circle's symmetry and uses a decision variable to determine whether to move in the x or y direction to plot each pixel, ensuring points are always closest to the true circle. The algorithm is presented with variables initialized and steps to iterate through the first octant to plot all pixels.
Type conversion
Type conversionFrijo Francis Type conversion in C provides two methods: implicit type conversion which occurs automatically during expressions, and explicit type conversion using cast expressions. Implicit conversion occurs when different types are used in expressions, such as when an int is used in a calculation with a float. The usual arithmetic conversions implicitly promote operands to the smallest type that can accommodate both values. Explicit casting uses cast operators to force a type conversion.
Functions in C
Functions in CKamal Acharya This document discusses different types of functions in C programming. It defines library functions, user-defined functions, and the key elements of functions like prototypes, arguments, parameters, return values. It categorizes functions based on whether they have arguments and return values. The document also explains how functions are called, either by value where changes are not reflected back or by reference where the original values are changed.
3 d transformation
3 d transformationMani Kanth Here are the key steps to solve this problem:
1. Write the rotation matrix for 45 degree rotation about the x-axis:
R = [1 0 0]
[0 cos(45) -sin(45)]
[0 sin(45) cos(45)]
2. Write the scaling matrix with factors of 4 in each direction:
S = [4 0 0]
[0 4 0]
[0 0 4]
3. Pre-multiply the original coordinates by the rotation matrix, then scale the results by pre-multiplying the rotation matrix by the scaling matrix:
A' = SR(0,1,0)
= S(0,0.
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...Mani Kanth The document discusses window to viewport transformation and the use of homogeneous coordinates. A window defines the area of data to display, while a viewport defines where on the display device the window will appear. Window to viewport transformation maps the window coordinates to viewport coordinates using translation and resizing. Homogeneous coordinates represent points using an extra dimension, allowing rotation, scaling and other transformations to be represented using matrix multiplication.
OpenGL Introduction.
OpenGL Introduction.Girish Ghate The document provides an introduction and overview of OpenGL graphics programming. It discusses that OpenGL is a 3D graphics rendering API that is hardware independent and portable. The document outlines the OpenGL rendering pipeline and libraries. It describes that OpenGL is not a language itself but makes calls to functions from libraries like GLUT, GLU, and OpenGL in a programming language like C/C++. The basic framework of an OpenGL program and functions for initializing OpenGL state, registering callbacks, and the event processing loop are also covered.
Type conversion
Type conversionPreethaPreetha5 This document discusses type conversion in C++. It explains that type conversion is the process of converting one predefined type into another. It discusses implicit type conversion performed by the compiler without programmer intervention when differing data types are mixed in an expression. It also discusses explicit type conversion using constructor functions and casting operators to convert between basic and class types. Examples are provided of converting between integer, float, and class types.
Notes 2D-Transformation Unit 2 Computer graphics
Notes 2D-Transformation Unit 2 Computer graphicsNANDINI SHARMA Notes of 2D Transformation including Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection, Shearing with solved problem.
Clipping algorithm like cohen-sutherland-hodgeman, midpoint-subdivision with solved problem.
Viewers also liked (20)
Graphics Programming in C
Graphics Programming in CKasun Ranga Wijeweera This document provides an overview of graphics programming in C using Turbo C++. It outlines the course content which includes drawing points, lines, polygons, circles and filling areas. It also discusses geometric transformations in 2D and 3D as well as line clipping algorithms. It provides details on setting up the integrated development environment and creating a graphics header file to initialize and exit graphics mode. It includes code examples to display a single point on the screen by approximating pixel coordinates as integers.
Computer Graphics Practical
Computer Graphics PracticalNeha Sharma The document discusses computer graphics and provides examples of its applications. It discusses graphics inbuilt functions such as arc(), initgraph(), closegraph(), and line(). It provides code snippets and explanations for these functions. It also lists algorithms for direct and Bresenham lines, circles, ellipses, and their code programs. Finally, it mentions static and dynamic applications of computer graphics.
C Graphics Functions
C Graphics FunctionsSHAKOOR AB This document provides information about graphics functions in C. It begins by explaining graphics modes and how images are displayed on screens using pixels. It then provides details on the initgraph() function which initializes the graphics system. The rest of the document summarizes many common graphics functions like line(), rectangle(), circle(), putpixel(), getpixel() and more, explaining what they do and their parameters.
Computer Graphics Applications
Computer Graphics ApplicationsSaravana Priya Computer graphics can be used in many fields such as design, presentations, entertainment, education, scientific visualization, and more. It allows users to visualize and interact with digital information through graphical interfaces and simulations. Some key applications of computer graphics include computer-aided design for engineering projects, creating presentation slides and illustrations, generating animations and movies for entertainment, developing simulations for training and education, and performing image processing and scientific visualization to analyze large datasets. Computer graphics technologies revolutionized how professionals work and how the general public accesses information through graphical user interfaces.
Computer Graphics
Computer GraphicsDeepak Kumar Mohapatra This document provides an overview of computer graphics. It discusses the history and evolution of computer graphics from the 1960s with early pioneers like William Fetters capturing 3D human structures. In the 1980s, microprocessors enabled higher resolution graphics terminals. 3D graphics became more popular in the 1990s for gaming, multimedia, and animation. The document defines computer graphics as the creation, manipulation, and storage of geometric objects and images. Examples of vector and pixel images are shown. Applications of computer graphics include CAD, simulation, animation, visualization, and video games.
Basics of Computer graphics lab
Basics of Computer graphics labPriya Goyal This document provides instructions for drawing basic shapes in graphics mode in Turbo C++. It explains how to enable the graphics library, initialize graphics mode, and use functions like putpixel, line, rectangle, circle, ellipse, arc, bar and bar3d to draw pixels, lines, rectangles, circles, ellipses, arcs, filled rectangles and 3D filled rectangles. Examples of code are given to draw each shape. Programming assignments are provided to combine the shapes to draw a flag, hut, smiley face and fish.
Applications of computer graphics
Applications of computer graphics-jyothish kumar sirigidi This document discusses computer graphics and its various applications. It defines computer graphics as drawing pictures, lines, and charts using computers with programming. There are two main types: interactive computer graphics which allows two-way communication between the user and computer, and non-interactive graphics where the user has no control over the images. Computer graphics is used across many fields including design, simulation, entertainment, education, visualization, and more. Specific applications mentioned include CAD, presentation graphics, computer art, games, movies, training simulations, scientific/medical visualization, and business visualization.
Lecture on graphics
Lecture on graphicsRafi_Dar This document discusses computer graphics in C language. It describes various graphics functions in C like line(), rectangle(), circle(), arc(), ellipse(), setcolor(), settextstyle() etc. that are used to draw basic shapes and text. It also explains concepts like viewports, color functions and filling patterns that are important for computer graphics programming in C.
Introduction to computer graphics
Introduction to computer graphicsKamal Acharya Computer graphics involves using computers to generate and manipulate visual and spatial data. It has various applications including computer-aided design, presentation graphics, education and training, visualization, image processing, entertainment, medical imaging, and graphical user interfaces. The key advantages of computer graphics are its ability to produce high quality visualizations and animations that can effectively communicate information.
computer graphics
computer graphicsashpri156 This document is a lecture outline for an introduction to computer graphics course. It outlines the course information and administrative details, provides an overview of topics to be covered including graphics systems, techniques, operations and a mathematical review. It also defines computer graphics, discusses image processing and analysis, and explains why computer graphics is an important field due to advances in computing power, visualization, and interaction capabilities.
Introduction to Computer graphics 
Introduction to Computer graphics PrathimaBaliga Computer graphics uses computers to generate and display digital images. It involves programming computers to create realistic images through specialized hardware and software. Computer graphics are used across many fields for simulation, algorithms, modeling, rendering, image processing, animation, and more. Interactive graphics allow users to control and change images, while passive graphics automatically transfer images without user intervention.
applications of computer graphics
applications of computer graphicsAaina Katyal Computer graphics involves the creation and manipulation of images on a computer using geometric objects and their representations. It has many applications including computer-aided design, presentation graphics, computer art, entertainment, education and training, scientific visualization, image processing, and graphical user interfaces. Graphics packages provide standard functions and tools for working with geometric objects and images.
WordPress for Beginners, the Missing Guide
WordPress for Beginners, the Missing GuideWPBrix.com WordPress for Beginners is a guide that covers installing and using WordPress. It discusses choosing between WordPress.com and WordPress.org, and then guides the reader through installing WordPress, configuring settings, adding pages and posts, using themes and plugins, and basic security. The guide is intended for beginners and non-technical WordPress users to help them understand the basics of the WordPress platform. It provides step-by-step instructions and explanations for common WordPress tasks.
WordPress A - Z for beginners
WordPress A - Z for beginnersFerdias Ramadoni This document provides an introduction to WordPress for beginners. It explains what WordPress is, the differences between WordPress.com and WordPress.org, how to install and set up WordPress, and an overview of the WordPress dashboard interface. It also discusses choosing and adding themes and plugins to a WordPress site, and recommends resources for learning more about WordPress.
1 c – graphic designs
1 c – graphic designsHaseeb Patel This document discusses how graphics have changed over time across different sectors including gaming, movies, TV, and websites. It provides examples like Grand Theft Auto having improved graphics from Xbox 360 to PS4, Fast and Furious using drone shots now, and YouTube allowing higher quality videos now compared to 480p in 2008. The document concludes that moving images have seen the most improvement, with camera quality advancing from 144p to 4K over decades.
Computer graphics
Computer graphicsamitsarda3 The document provides an algorithm and sample program to implement Bresenham's circle drawing algorithm in C.
The algorithm reads the radius of the circle, initializes the starting points and decision variable, and then uses a do-while loop to plot pixels on the circle by incrementing x and conditionally incrementing or decrementing y based on the decision variable.
The sample program includes code to read the radius, initialize graphics mode, set starting points, and implement the do-while loop to plot pixels and delay between each pixel for visualization. It plots all four quadrants of the circle.
Parm
Parmparmsidhu The document provides an overview of C++ including:
- A brief history of C++ and its origins as an extension of C to add object-oriented programming features.
- Descriptions of input/output capabilities using standard functions from the iostream library to read from and write to standard input/output.
- Mentions of preprocessor directives and comments as parts of C++.
Array and string
Array and stringprashant chelani The document discusses arrays and strings in C programming. It defines arrays as groups of data items of the same type that share a common name. One-dimensional arrays are declared with a datatype and size, and can be initialized. Multi-dimensional arrays have multiple subscripts. Strings are arrays of characters that are null-terminated. Strings can be initialized and manipulated using functions like strcpy(), strlen(), strcmp(). Examples are provided to demonstrate array and string declarations, initialization, manipulation and differences between the two data structures.
Bitwise operators
Bitwise operatorsPuneet Rajput 1.Bitwise operators
2. Introduction to Bitwise Operators
3. Types of Bitwise Operators
4. Uses of Bitwise Operators
5. Coding example of one of the bitwise operator.
6. Output after executing program using bitwise operator.
7. Thank You
principle of oop’s in cpp
principle of oop’s in cppgourav kottawar The document discusses the principles of object-oriented programming (OOP). It begins with an introduction to OOP and compares procedural programming with OOP. Some key concepts of OOP discussed include classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. The document also covers benefits of OOP such as code reuse and extensibility. Examples of object-oriented languages like C++ and Java are provided.
Ad
Similar to Graphics in C programming (20)
Powerpointpresentation.c
Powerpointpresentation.cMaqbool Ur Khan This document provides instructions and examples for using various graphics functions in C++. It explains how to:
1. Initialize graphics mode and detect available graphics drivers.
2. Draw basic shapes like lines, circles, arcs, rectangles, and bars by specifying their coordinates and attributes.
3. Set properties like color, fill style, and line style.
4. Include additional functions like floodfill, moveto, outtext, and putpixel to manipulate graphics output.
5. Close the graphics mode and return to the default screen using the graphdefault and closegraph functions.
Cg lab cse-v (1) (1)
Cg lab cse-v (1) (1)Surya Sukumaran The document contains an algorithm for drawing an ellipse using the midpoint algorithm. It initializes the graphics system and gets user input for the major and minor radii. It calculates an initial decision parameter P and plots the first point. It then loops while a condition on the x and y coordinates is met, incrementing x by 1 each iteration. The decision parameter P is updated each iteration based on whether it is greater than or less than 0. Symmetric points are plotted in each quadrant to draw the ellipse. After drawing across the minor axis, it continues the algorithm to draw across the major axis by initializing new parameters and looping while y is not 0, updating the decision parameter P1 and decrementing y each iteration.
Unit 11. Graphics
Unit 11. GraphicsAshim Lamichhane For all who wish to learn c graphics programming, no knowledge of graphics concepts is required. C Graphics programming is very easy and interesting. You can use graphics programming for developing your own games, in making projects, for animation etc. It's not like traditional C programming in which you have to apply complex logic in your program and then you end up with a lot of errors and warnings in your program. In C graphics programming you have to use standard library functions ( need not worry if you don't know functions ) to get your task done. Just you pass arguments to the functions and it's done. On this website you will find almost all functions with detailed explanation and a sample program showing the usage of a function. To make things easy you are provided with executable files which you can download and execute. Firstly you should know the function initgraph which is used to initialize the graphics mode . To initialize graphics mode we use initgraph function in our program. initgraph function is present in "graphics.h" header file, so your every graphics program should include "graphics.h" header file. We will discuss initgraph withe help of following sample program:-
Computer Graphics Unit 1
Computer Graphics Unit 1aravindangc The document describes various computer graphics output primitives and algorithms for drawing them, including lines, circles, and filled areas. It discusses line drawing algorithms like DDA, Bresenham's, and midpoint circle algorithms. These algorithms use incremental integer calculations to efficiently rasterize primitives by determining the next pixel coordinates without performing floating point calculations at each step. The midpoint circle algorithm in particular uses a "circle function" and incremental updates to its value to determine whether the next pixel is inside or outside the circle boundary.
Matlab intro
Matlab introfvijayami This document provides an introduction to the basics of MATLAB. It discusses where to find help in MATLAB, how to work with matrices and perform basic operations on them. It also covers logical conditions, different types of loops (for, while, if/else), how to create scripts and functions. Finally, it provides an overview of visualization and graphics in MATLAB as well as an introduction to the image processing toolbox.
Lecture 02 visualization and programming
Lecture 02 visualization and programmingSmee Kaem Chann This document discusses visualization and programming in MATLAB. It covers user-defined functions, flow control using if/else statements and for/while loops, and various plotting functions. Functions allow defining reusable code and can take in inputs and return outputs. Flow control allows conditionally executing code or repeating code in loops. Plotting functions can create line plots, images, surfaces, and more. The document provides examples of plotting sinusoidal waves and 3D surfaces, and exercises for modifying a plotting function.
10 linescan
10 linescanPraveen Kumar - The document discusses various algorithms for computer graphics primitives like lines, circles, and flood fills.
- It introduces midpoint line drawing and the midpoint circle algorithm, which use implicit functions to determine the next pixel efficiently.
- Fractals are also covered, including algorithms for generating the Koch curve and fractal trees recursively with randomness.
- Finally, the Julia set and Mandelbrot set are described, which are generated by repeatedly applying complex functions to points.
Primitives
PrimitivesNageswara Rao Gottipati This document discusses algorithms for drawing 2D graphics primitives like lines, triangles, and circles in computer graphics. It begins by introducing basic concepts like coordinate systems, pixels, and graphics APIs. It then covers algorithms for drawing lines, including the slope-intercept method, DDA algorithm, and Bresenham's line drawing algorithm, which uses only integer calculations for better performance. Finally, it briefly mentions extending these techniques to draw other shapes like circles and curves, as well as filling shapes.
Introduction to Coding
Introduction to CodingFabio506452 This document provides an introduction to coding using JavaScript and codeguppy.com. It discusses creating accounts on codeguppy.com, using the code editor and output canvas, and exploring built-in assets like sprites and backgrounds. It then covers basic coding concepts like drag-and-drop coding, variables, functions, and animations using techniques like increasing variable values in a loop function. The document provides examples like drawing a bear face and coding a moving car to demonstrate these concepts.
Efficient realization for geometric transformation of digital images in run l...
Efficient realization for geometric transformation of digital images in run l...Shlomo Pongratz The document describes algorithms for efficiently transforming digital images represented in run length encoding under various geometric transformations like rotation, flipping, and shearing. It presents several existing algorithms for performing such transformations in linear time or better and identifies limitations in those algorithms. Improved algorithms are proposed that can perform rotations and other transformations in one pass of the run length encoded image data in linear or near-linear time.
Lec2
Lec2Amba Research Here is a function to calculate the factorial of an integer N using a for loop:
function fact = factorial(N)
fact = 1;
for i = 1:N
fact = fact * i;
end
end
To test it:
N = 5;
result = factorial(N);
This function:
1. Initializes the factorial variable fact to 1 outside the loop
2. Uses a for loop from 1 to N to iterate over the integers
3. On each iteration, it multiplies the running fact variable by the current integer i
4. After the loop, fact will contain the final factorial
Presentation: Plotting Systems in R
Presentation: Plotting Systems in RIlya Zhbannikov Describes three plotting systems in R: base, lattice and ggplot2. Example code can be found here: https://github.com/TriangleR/PlottingSystemsInR
Chapter02 graphics-programming
Chapter02 graphics-programmingMohammed Romi The document discusses graphics programming and OpenGL. It introduces OpenGL, describing it as a hardware-independent interface consisting of over 700 commands. It outlines the OpenGL API, including primitive functions, attribute functions, and viewing functions. It also covers OpenGL primitives like points, lines, and polygons, as well as attributes like color. It explains orthographic and two-dimensional viewing in OpenGL.
DIGITAL_SIGNAL_AND_IMAGE_PROCESSING_USIN.pptx
DIGITAL_SIGNAL_AND_IMAGE_PROCESSING_USIN.pptxMdMojnuMiah3 Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm.[1][2] As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more) digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
CG-Lecture3.pptx
CG-Lecture3.pptxlakshitasarika2014 The document discusses graphics output primitives and coordinate reference frames used in computer graphics. It defines basic primitives like points and lines and describes how they are used to construct more complex graphics. It explains absolute and relative coordinate systems and how to specify a world coordinate system in OpenGL. It also describes common algorithms for drawing lines and circles like Bresenham's line algorithm and the midpoint circle algorithm.
september11.ppt
september11.pptCharlesMatu2 This document provides an introduction and overview of OpenGL programming concepts including:
- OpenGL is a cross-platform graphics library that interfaces with the graphics system through an API.
- Programs use matrices to transform 3D vertices through modeling and viewing transformations to 2D screen coordinates.
- Geometry is defined through vertex lists and rendered as primitives like triangles and lines. State variables control properties like color.
- Common tasks like camera placement, projections, lighting and textures are demonstrated.
Image processing tool box.pptx
Image processing tool box.pptxAvinashJain66 The Image Processing Toolbox is a collection of MATLAB functions that extend its numeric computing capabilities to support a wide range of image processing operations. These include geometric transformations, filtering, image analysis and enhancement. The toolbox allows importing and exporting various image formats. Images can be represented as matrices and processed using matrix operations to perform tasks like blending, resizing and edge detection.
Computer graphics
Computer graphicssnelkoli The document provides explanations of various graphics functions from the graphics.h library in C language. It discusses functions for initializing graphics mode, drawing basic shapes like lines, rectangles, circles, getting and setting colors, reading and writing pixel values, loading and saving bitmap images, handling events and cleaning up graphics memory. It also includes code snippets to demonstrate drawing a rectangle, smiley and star using these graphics functions.
MATLAB & Image Processing
MATLAB & Image ProcessingTechbuddy Consulting Pvt. Ltd. This document provides an overview of MATLAB for students in engineering fields. It introduces MATLAB as a tool for matrix calculations and numerical computing. It describes the MATLAB environment and commands for help, variables, matrices, logical operations, flow control, scripts and functions. It also covers image processing in MATLAB, including importing and displaying images, image data types, basic operations, and examples of blending and edge detection on images. Finally, it discusses performance issues and the importance of vectorizing code to avoid slow loops.
raster algorithm.pdf
raster algorithm.pdfMattupallipardhu The document discusses various raster algorithms including raster displays, monitor intensities, RGB colour, line drawing, and simple anti-aliasing. It provides details on how raster displays work by representing images as a grid of pixels stored in a frame buffer and scanned line by line on the screen. It also describes how monitor intensities are represented digitally and processed, the RGB color model, algorithms for line drawing including DDA and Bresenham's, and different methods for simple anti-aliasing like supersampling.
Ad
More from Kamal Acharya (20)
Programming the basic computer
Programming the basic computerKamal Acharya This slide contains the detail regarding the instructions used in basic computer. It also contains the programming details of the basic computer
Computer Arithmetic
Computer ArithmeticKamal Acharya This document discusses various computer arithmetic operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division for signed magnitude and two's complement data representations. It describes the Booth multiplication algorithm, array multipliers for performing multiplication using combinational circuits, and the division algorithm. It also covers detecting divide overflow conditions.
Introduction to Computer Security
Introduction to Computer SecurityKamal Acharya The document provides an introduction to computer security including:
- The basic components of security such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
- Common security threats like snooping, modification, and denial of service attacks.
- Issues with security including operational challenges and human factors.
- An overview of security policies, access control models, and security models like Bell-LaPadula and Biba.
Session and Cookies
Session and CookiesKamal Acharya Cookies and sessions allow servers to remember information about users across multiple web pages. Cookies are small files stored on a user's computer that identify users and can store data to be accessed on subsequent page requests. Sessions use cookies to identify users and store temporary data on the server side to be accessed across multiple pages in one application, such as usernames or preferences. Both cookies and sessions must be started before any page output to ensure headers are sent before the page body.
Functions in php
Functions in phpKamal Acharya This document discusses different aspects of functions in programming including declaring and calling functions, passing arguments to functions, and returning values from functions. It also covers variable scope. Some key points covered are declaring functions with and without arguments, specifying default values, returning single values or arrays from functions, and understanding variable scope and how it relates to the global and $GLOBALS keywords and array.
Web forms in php
Web forms in phpKamal Acharya This document discusses various aspects of working with web forms in PHP, including:
1) Useful server variables for forms like QUERY_STRING and SERVER_NAME.
2) Accessing form parameters submitted to the server.
3) Processing forms with functions, including validating form data with techniques like checking for required fields and valid email addresses.
4) Displaying default values or error messages for form fields.
5) Stripping HTML tags from form inputs and encoding special characters for safe display.
The document provides examples of implementing each of these techniques.
Making decision and repeating in PHP
Making decision and repeating in PHPKamal Acharya The document discusses various programming concepts related to decision making and repetition in code including understanding true and false values, using if/elseif/else statements, equality and relational operators, logical operators, and using while and for loops to repeat code. Specific topics covered include evaluating booleans, making single and multi-line if statements, comparing different data types, negation, and printing select menus with loops.
Working with arrays in php
Working with arrays in phpKamal Acharya This document discusses working with arrays in PHP. It covers array basics like creating and accessing arrays, looping through arrays with foreach and for loops, modifying arrays by adding/removing elements and sorting arrays. It also discusses multidimensional arrays, how to create them and access elements within them.
Text and Numbers (Data Types)in PHP
Text and Numbers (Data Types)in PHPKamal Acharya This document discusses text and numbers in programming. It covers defining and manipulating text strings using single or double quotes. Escape characters can be used inside strings. Text can be validated and formatted using various string functions like trim(), strlen(), strtoupper(), substr(), and str_replace(). Numbers can be integers or floats. Variables hold data and can be operated on with arithmetic and assignment operators like +, -, *, /, %, and .=. Variables can also be incremented, decremented, and placed inside strings.
Introduction to PHP
Introduction to PHPKamal Acharya This document provides an introduction and overview of PHP for beginners. It discusses PHP's use for building websites, how PHP code is run on web servers and accessed through browsers. It then highlights some key advantages of PHP like being free, cross-platform, and widely used. It demonstrates a basic "Hello World" PHP program and shows how to output HTML forms and formatted numbers. Finally, it outlines some basic rules of PHP programs regarding tags, syntax, whitespace, comments, and case sensitivity.
Capacity Planning of Data Warehousing
Capacity Planning of Data WarehousingKamal Acharya The document discusses capacity planning for a data warehouse environment. It notes that capacity planning is important given the large volumes of data and processing in a data warehouse. It describes factors that make capacity planning unique for a data warehouse, such as variable workloads and larger data volumes than operational systems. The document provides guidance on estimating disk storage needs, classifying and estimating processing workloads, creating workload profiles, identifying peak capacity needs, and selecting hardware capacity to meet needs.
Data Warehousing
Data WarehousingKamal Acharya Data warehousing involves assembling and managing data from various sources to provide an integrated view of enterprise information. A data warehouse contains consolidated, historical data used to support management decision making. It differs from operational databases by containing aggregated, non-volatile data optimized for queries rather than updates. The extract, transform, load (ETL) process migrates data from source systems to the warehouse, transforming it as needed. Process managers oversee loading, maintaining, and querying the warehouse data.
Search Engines
Search EnginesKamal Acharya Search engines allow users to search the vast collection of documents on the web. They consist of crawlers that fetch web pages, indexers that analyze page content and links, and interfaces that allow users to enter queries. Crawlers add pages to an index by following links, and indexers create inverted indexes to map words to pages. When a query is searched, results are retrieved from the index and ranked based on relevance. PageRank is a key algorithm that ranks pages higher that receive more links from other highly ranked pages. While it effectively searches the large, diverse and dynamic web, search poses challenges in understanding ambiguous queries over an evolving collection.
Web Mining
Web MiningKamal Acharya Web mining involves applying data mining techniques to discover useful information from web data. There are three types of web mining: web content mining analyzes data within web pages, web structure mining examines the hyperlink structure between pages, and web usage mining involves analyzing server logs to discover patterns in user behavior and interactions with websites. Web mining has applications in website design, web traffic analysis, e-commerce personalization, and security/crime investigation.
Information Privacy and Data Mining
Information Privacy and Data MiningKamal Acharya Information privacy and data mining
The document discusses information privacy and data mining. It defines information privacy as an individual's ability to control how information about them is shared. It outlines the basic OECD principles for protecting information privacy, including collection limitation, purpose specification, use limitation, security safeguards, and accountability. It describes common uses of data mining like fraud prevention but also potential misuses that can violate privacy. The document also discusses the primary aims of data mining applications and five pitfalls like unintentional mistakes, intentional abuse, and mission creep.
Cluster Analysis
Cluster AnalysisKamal Acharya The document discusses cluster analysis, which groups data objects into clusters so that objects within a cluster are similar but dissimilar to objects in other clusters. It describes key characteristics of clustering, including that it is unsupervised learning and the clusters are determined algorithmically rather than by humans. Various clustering algorithms are covered, including partitioning, hierarchical, density-based, and grid-based methods. Applications of clustering discussed include business intelligence, image recognition, web search, outlier detection, and biology. Requirements for effective clustering in data mining are also outlined.
Association Analysis in Data Mining
Association Analysis in Data MiningKamal Acharya Association analysis is a technique used to uncover relationships between items in transactional data. It involves finding frequent itemsets whose occurrence exceeds a minimum support threshold, and then generating association rules from these itemsets that satisfy minimum confidence. The Apriori algorithm is commonly used for this task, as it leverages the Apriori property to prune the search space - if an itemset is infrequent, its supersets cannot be frequent. It performs multiple database scans to iteratively grow frequent itemsets and extract high confidence rules.
Classification techniques in data mining
Classification techniques in data miningKamal Acharya The document discusses classification algorithms in machine learning. It provides an overview of various classification algorithms including decision tree classifiers, rule-based classifiers, nearest neighbor classifiers, Bayesian classifiers, and artificial neural network classifiers. It then describes the supervised learning process for classification, which involves using a training set to construct a classification model and then applying the model to a test set to classify new data. Finally, it provides a detailed example of how a decision tree classifier is constructed from a training dataset and how it can be used to classify data in the test set.
Data Preprocessing
Data PreprocessingKamal Acharya This document outlines a chapter on data preprocessing that discusses data types, attributes, and preprocessing tasks. It begins by defining data and attributes, then describes different types of attributes like nominal, binary, ordinal, and numeric attributes. It also discusses different types of datasets like records, documents, transactions, and graphs. The major section on data preprocessing outlines why it is important and describes tasks like data cleaning, integration, transformation, reduction, and discretization to prepare dirty or unstructured data for analysis.
Introduction to Data Mining and Data Warehousing
Introduction to Data Mining and Data WarehousingKamal Acharya This document provides details about a course on data mining and data warehousing. The course objectives are to understand the foundational principles and techniques of data mining and data warehousing. The course description covers topics like data preprocessing, classification, association analysis, cluster analysis, and data warehouses. The course is divided into 10 units that cover concepts and algorithms for data mining techniques. Practical exercises are included to apply techniques to real-world data problems.
Recently uploaded (20)
World war-1(Causes & impacts at a glance) PPT by Simanchala Sarab(BABed,sem-4...
World war-1(Causes & impacts at a glance) PPT by Simanchala Sarab(BABed,sem-4...larencebapu132 This is short and accurate description of World war-1 (1914-18)
It can give you the perfect factual conceptual clarity on the great war
Regards Simanchala Sarab
Student of BABed(ITEP, Secondary stage)in History at Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 🙏🙏
Unit 6_Introduction_Phishing_Password Cracking.pdf
Unit 6_Introduction_Phishing_Password Cracking.pdfKanchanPatil34 Initial stages of attacks, Phishing, Password Cracking, guidelines to prevent password attacks, Strong password, weak password,
Social Problem-Unemployment .pptx notes for Physiotherapy Students
Social Problem-Unemployment .pptx notes for Physiotherapy StudentsDrNidhiAgarwal Unemployment is a major social problem, by which not only rural population have suffered but also urban population are suffered while they are literate having good qualification.The evil consequences like poverty, frustration, revolution
result in crimes and social disorganization. Therefore, it is
necessary that all efforts be made to have maximum.
employment facilities. The Government of India has already
announced that the question of payment of unemployment
allowance cannot be considered in India
The ever evoilving world of science /7th class science curiosity /samyans aca...
The ever evoilving world of science /7th class science curiosity /samyans aca...Sandeep Swamy The Ever-Evolving World of
Science
Welcome to Grade 7 Science4not just a textbook with facts, but an invitation to
question, experiment, and explore the beautiful world we live in. From tiny cells
inside a leaf to the movement of celestial bodies, from household materials to
underground water flows, this journey will challenge your thinking and expand
your knowledge.
Notice something special about this book? The page numbers follow the playful
flight of a butterfly and a soaring paper plane! Just as these objects take flight,
learning soars when curiosity leads the way. Simple observations, like paper
planes, have inspired scientific explorations throughout history.
apa-style-referencing-visual-guide-2025.pdf
apa-style-referencing-visual-guide-2025.pdfIshika Ghosh Title: A Quick and Illustrated Guide to APA Style Referencing (7th Edition)
This visual and beginner-friendly guide simplifies the APA referencing style (7th edition) for academic writing. Designed especially for commerce students and research beginners, it includes:
✅ Real examples from original research papers
✅ Color-coded diagrams for clarity
✅ Key rules for in-text citation and reference list formatting
✅ Free citation tools like Mendeley & Zotero explained
Whether you're writing a college assignment, dissertation, or academic article, this guide will help you cite your sources correctly, confidently, and consistent.
Created by: Prof. Ishika Ghosh,
Faculty.
📩 For queries or feedback: [email protected]
One Hot encoding a revolution in Machine learning
One Hot encoding a revolution in Machine learningmomer9505 A brief introduction to ONE HOT encoding a way to communicate with machines
Exploring-Substances-Acidic-Basic-and-Neutral.pdf
Exploring-Substances-Acidic-Basic-and-Neutral.pdfSandeep Swamy Exploring Substances:
Acidic, Basic, and
Neutral
Welcome to the fascinating world of acids and bases! Join siblings Ashwin and
Keerthi as they explore the colorful world of substances at their school's
National Science Day fair. Their adventure begins with a mysterious white paper
that reveals hidden messages when sprayed with a special liquid.
In this presentation, we'll discover how different substances can be classified as
acidic, basic, or neutral. We'll explore natural indicators like litmus, red rose
extract, and turmeric that help us identify these substances through color
changes. We'll also learn about neutralization reactions and their applications in
our daily lives.
by sandeep swamy
Geography Sem II Unit 1C Correlation of Geography with other school subjects
Geography Sem II Unit 1C Correlation of Geography with other school subjectsProfDrShaikhImran The correlation of school subjects refers to the interconnectedness and mutual reinforcement between different academic disciplines. This concept highlights how knowledge and skills in one subject can support, enhance, or overlap with learning in another. Recognizing these correlations helps in creating a more holistic and meaningful educational experience.
How to Subscribe Newsletter From Odoo 18 Website
How to Subscribe Newsletter From Odoo 18 WebsiteCeline George Newsletter is a powerful tool that effectively manage the email marketing . It allows us to send professional looking HTML formatted emails. Under the Mailing Lists in Email Marketing we can find all the Newsletter.
LDMMIA Reiki Master Spring 2025 Mini Updates
LDMMIA Reiki Master Spring 2025 Mini UpdatesLDM Mia eStudios As of Mid to April Ending, I am building a new Reiki-Yoga Series. No worries, they are free workshops. So far, I have 3 presentations so its a gradual process. If interested visit: https://www.slideshare.net/YogaPrincess
https://ldmchapels.weebly.com
Blessings and Happy Spring. We are hitting Mid Season.
Handling Multiple Choice Responses: Fortune Effiong.pptx
Handling Multiple Choice Responses: Fortune Effiong.pptxAuthorAIDNationalRes INTRO TO STATISTICS
INTRO TO SPSS INTERFACE
CLEANING MULTIPLE CHOICE RESPONSE DATA WITH EXCEL
ANALYZING MULTIPLE CHOICE RESPONSE DATA
INTERPRETATION
Q & A SESSION
PRACTICAL HANDS-ON ACTIVITY
Metamorphosis: Life's Transformative Journey
Metamorphosis: Life's Transformative JourneyArshad Shaikh *Metamorphosis* is a biological process where an animal undergoes a dramatic transformation from a juvenile or larval stage to a adult stage, often involving significant changes in form and structure. This process is commonly seen in insects, amphibians, and some other animals.
CBSE - Grade 8 - Science - Chemistry - Metals and Non Metals - Worksheet
CBSE - Grade 8 - Science - Chemistry - Metals and Non Metals - WorksheetSritoma Majumder Introduction
All the materials around us are made up of elements. These elements can be broadly divided into two major groups:
Metals
Non-Metals
Each group has its own unique physical and chemical properties. Let's understand them one by one.
Physical Properties
1. Appearance
Metals: Shiny (lustrous). Example: gold, silver, copper.
Non-metals: Dull appearance (except iodine, which is shiny).
2. Hardness
Metals: Generally hard. Example: iron.
Non-metals: Usually soft (except diamond, a form of carbon, which is very hard).
3. State
Metals: Mostly solids at room temperature (except mercury, which is a liquid).
Non-metals: Can be solids, liquids, or gases. Example: oxygen (gas), bromine (liquid), sulphur (solid).
4. Malleability
Metals: Can be hammered into thin sheets (malleable).
Non-metals: Not malleable. They break when hammered (brittle).
5. Ductility
Metals: Can be drawn into wires (ductile).
Non-metals: Not ductile.
6. Conductivity
Metals: Good conductors of heat and electricity.
Non-metals: Poor conductors (except graphite, which is a good conductor).
7. Sonorous Nature
Metals: Produce a ringing sound when struck.
Non-metals: Do not produce sound.
Chemical Properties
1. Reaction with Oxygen
Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides.
These metal oxides are usually basic.
Non-metals react with oxygen to form non-metallic oxides.
These oxides are usually acidic.
2. Reaction with Water
Metals:
Some react vigorously (e.g., sodium).
Some react slowly (e.g., iron).
Some do not react at all (e.g., gold, silver).
Non-metals: Generally do not react with water.
3. Reaction with Acids
Metals react with acids to produce salt and hydrogen gas.
Non-metals: Do not react with acids.
4. Reaction with Bases
Some non-metals react with bases to form salts, but this is rare.
Metals generally do not react with bases directly (except amphoteric metals like aluminum and zinc).
Displacement Reaction
More reactive metals can displace less reactive metals from their salt solutions.
Uses of Metals
Iron: Making machines, tools, and buildings.
Aluminum: Used in aircraft, utensils.
Copper: Electrical wires.
Gold and Silver: Jewelry.
Zinc: Coating iron to prevent rusting (galvanization).
Uses of Non-Metals
Oxygen: Breathing.
Nitrogen: Fertilizers.
Chlorine: Water purification.
Carbon: Fuel (coal), steel-making (coke).
Iodine: Medicines.
Alloys
An alloy is a mixture of metals or a metal with a non-metal.
Alloys have improved properties like strength, resistance to rusting.
Odoo Inventory Rules and Routes v17 - Odoo Slides
Odoo Inventory Rules and Routes v17 - Odoo SlidesCeline George Odoo's inventory management system is highly flexible and powerful, allowing businesses to efficiently manage their stock operations through the use of Rules and Routes.
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-3-2025.pptx
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-3-2025.pptxYale School of Public Health - The Virtual Medical Operations Center (VMOC) A measles outbreak originating in West Texas has been linked to confirmed cases in New Mexico, with additional cases reported in Oklahoma and Kansas. The current case count is 817 from Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Kansas. 97 individuals have required hospitalization, and 3 deaths, 2 children in Texas and one adult in New Mexico. These fatalities mark the first measles-related deaths in the United States since 2015 and the first pediatric measles death since 2003.
The YSPH Virtual Medical Operations Center Briefs (VMOC) were created as a service-learning project by faculty and graduate students at the Yale School of Public Health in response to the 2010 Haiti Earthquake. Each year, the VMOC Briefs are produced by students enrolled in Environmental Health Science Course 581 - Public Health Emergencies: Disaster Planning and Response. These briefs compile diverse information sources – including status reports, maps, news articles, and web content– into a single, easily digestible document that can be widely shared and used interactively. Key features of this report include:
- Comprehensive Overview: Provides situation updates, maps, relevant news, and web resources.
- Accessibility: Designed for easy reading, wide distribution, and interactive use.
- Collaboration: The “unlocked" format enables other responders to share, copy, and adapt seamlessly. The students learn by doing, quickly discovering how and where to find critical information and presenting it in an easily understood manner.
CURRENT CASE COUNT: 817 (As of 05/3/2025)
• Texas: 688 (+20)(62% of these cases are in Gaines County).
• New Mexico: 67 (+1 )(92.4% of the cases are from Eddy County)
• Oklahoma: 16 (+1)
• Kansas: 46 (32% of the cases are from Gray County)
HOSPITALIZATIONS: 97 (+2)
• Texas: 89 (+2) - This is 13.02% of all TX cases.
• New Mexico: 7 - This is 10.6% of all NM cases.
• Kansas: 1 - This is 2.7% of all KS cases.
DEATHS: 3
• Texas: 2 – This is 0.31% of all cases
• New Mexico: 1 – This is 1.54% of all cases
US NATIONAL CASE COUNT: 967 (Confirmed and suspected):
INTERNATIONAL SPREAD (As of 4/2/2025)
• Mexico – 865 (+58)
‒Chihuahua, Mexico: 844 (+58) cases, 3 hospitalizations, 1 fatality
• Canada: 1531 (+270) (This reflects Ontario's Outbreak, which began 11/24)
‒Ontario, Canada – 1243 (+223) cases, 84 hospitalizations.
• Europe: 6,814
Presentation on Tourism Product Development By Md Shaifullar Rabbi
Presentation on Tourism Product Development By Md Shaifullar RabbiMd Shaifullar Rabbi Presentation on Tourism Product Development By Md Shaifullar Rabbi, Assistant Manager- SABRE Bangladesh.
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-3-2025.pptx
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-3-2025.pptxYale School of Public Health - The Virtual Medical Operations Center (VMOC)
Graphics in C programming
- 2. Introduction • There are two modes of output device: – Text Mode – Graphics Mode
- 3. Graphics Characteristics • Pixels • Resolutions • Colors • Video Adapters
- 4. Initializing Graphics Mode • We use initgraph() function • Syntax: – Intigraph(&graphics_driver,&graphics_mode,Path _to_driver);
- 5. Closing Graphics Mode • Function closegraph() is used. • Syntax: – closegraph();
- 7. Error Handling • graphresult() function is used to check if certain graphics operation succeeded or not. • It return 0 for no error.
- 9. Some Functions in Graphics • putpixel() and getpixel() • setcolor() and setbcolor() • line() • circle() • ellipse • rectangle() • settextstyle() and outtext() • getmaxx() and getmaxy()
- 10. putpixel() and getpixel() • Syntax: – int getpixel(int x, int y); – void putpixel(int x, int y, int color); • getpixel returns the color of pixel present at point(x, y). • putpixel plots a pixel at a point(x, y) of specified color.
- 11. setbcolor() • Syntax :- – void setbkcolor(int color); • setbkcolor function changes current background color e.g. setbkcolor(YELLLOW) changes the current background color to YELLOW. • Remember that default drawing color is WHITE and background color is BLACK.
- 12. setcolor() • Syntax :- – void setcolor(int color); • setcolor function changes current drawing color e.g. setcolor(YELLLOW) changes the current drawing color to YELLOW.
- 13. line() • line function is used to draw a line from a point(x1,y1) to point(x2,y2) • Syntax :- – void line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);
- 14. circle() • Syntax :- – void circle(int x, int y, int radius); • Circle function is used to draw a circle with center (x,y) and third parameter specifies the radius of the circle.
- 15. ellipse() • Syntax :- – void ellipse(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle, int xradius, int yradius); • Ellipse is used to draw an ellipse (x,y) are coordinates of center of the ellipse, stangle is the starting angle, end angle is the ending angle, and fifth and sixth parameters specifies the X and Y radius of the ellipse.
- 16. rectangle() • Syntax:- – void rectangle(int left, int top, int right, int bottom); • Coordinates of left top and right bottom corner are required to draw the rectangle.
- 17. settextstyle() • Syntax :- – void settextstyle( int font, int direction, int charsize); • font argument specifies the font of text, Direction can be HORIZ_DIR (Left to right) or VERT_DIR (Bottom to top).
- 18. outtext() • outtext function displays text at current position. • Syntax :- – void outtext(char *string);
- 19. getmaxx() and getmaxy() • getmaxx function returns the maximum X coordinate for current graphics mode and driver. • Declaration :- int getmaxx(); • getmaxy function returns the maximum Y coordinate for current graphics mode and driver. • Declaration :- int getmaxy();