The document discusses the five layers of the grid protocol architecture: 1) the fabric layer which provides access to different resource types, 2) the connectivity layer which defines core communication and authentication protocols, 3) the resource layer which defines protocols for publishing, discovering, and accessing individual resources, 4) the collective layer which captures interactions across collections of resources through directory services, and 5) the application layer which comprises user applications built on top of the lower layers and operate in virtual organization environments.