Groovy 2 and beyond
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"Groovy 2.0 and beyond" presentation given at the Groovy/Grails eXchange conference. Video can be seen here: http://skillsmatter.com/podcast/groovy-grails/keynote-speech
![Wrong assignments
//
cannot
assign
value
of
type...
to
variable...
int
x
=
new
Object()
Set
set
=
new
Object()
def
o
=
new
Object()
int
x
=
o
String[]
strings
=
['a','b','c']
int
str
=
strings[0]
//
cannot
find
matching
method
plus()
int
i
=
0
i
+=
'1'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-35-320.jpg)
![Wrong assignments
//
cannot
assign
value
of
type...
to
variable...
int
x
=
new
Object()
Set
set
=
new
Object() Compilation
def
o
=
new
Object() errors!
int
x
=
o
String[]
strings
=
['a','b','c']
int
str
=
strings[0]
//
cannot
find
matching
method
plus()
int
i
=
0
i
+=
'1'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-36-320.jpg)
![Type inference
@TypeChecked
test()
{
def
name
=
"
Guillaume
"
//
String
type
infered
(even
inside
GString)
println
"NAME
=
${name.toUpperCase()}"
//
Groovy
GDK
method
support
//
(GDK
operator
overloading
too)
println
name.trim()
int[]
numbers
=
[1,
2,
3]
//
Element
n
is
an
int
for
(int
n
in
numbers)
{
println
n
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-39-320.jpg)
![Lowest Upper Bound
• Represents the lowest « super » type
classes have in common
• may be virtual (aka « non-denotable »)
@TypeChecked
test()
{
//
an
integer
and
a
BigDecimal
return
[1234,
3.14]
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-44-320.jpg)
![Lowest Upper Bound
• Represents the lowest « super » type
classes have in common
• may be virtual (aka « non-denotable »)
@TypeChecked
test()
{
//
an
integer
and
a
BigDecimal
return
[1234,
3.14]
}
Inferred return type:
List<Number & Comparable>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-45-320.jpg)
![Lowest Upper Bound
• Represents the lowest « super » type
classes have in common
• may be virtual (aka « non-denotable »)
@TypeChecked
test()
{
//
an
integer
and
a
BigDecimal
return
[1234,
3.14]
}
Inferred return type:
List<Number & Comparable>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-46-320.jpg)
![Gotcha: explicit type for closures
@TypeChecked
test()
{
["a",
"b",
"c"].collect
{
it.toUpperCase()
//
Not
OK
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-52-320.jpg)
![Gotcha: explicit type for closures
@TypeChecked
test()
{
["a",
"b",
"c"].collect
{
String
it
-‐>
it.toUpperCase()
//
OK,
it’s
a
String
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-53-320.jpg)
![Alias annotations Groovy
2.1
@Immutable
@ToString(excludes
=
["age"])
@AnnotationCollector
@interface
MyAlias
{}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-88-320.jpg)
![Alias annotations Groovy
2.1
@Immutable
@ToString(excludes
=
["age"])
@AnnotationCollector
@interface
MyAlias
{} The « collector »](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-89-320.jpg)
![Alias annotations Groovy
2.1
Collected
@Immutable
@ToString(excludes
=
["age"]) annotations
@AnnotationCollector
@interface
MyAlias
{} The « collector »](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-90-320.jpg)
![Alias annotations Groovy
2.1
Collected
@Immutable
@ToString(excludes
=
["age"]) annotations
@AnnotationCollector
@interface
MyAlias
{} The « collector »
Your own custom
alias name](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-91-320.jpg)
![Alias annotations Groovy
2.1
Collected
@Immutable
@ToString(excludes
=
["age"]) annotations
@AnnotationCollector
@interface
MyAlias
{} The « collector »
Your own custom
alias name @MyAlias
class
Foo
{
String
name
int
age
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-92-320.jpg)
![Alias annotations Groovy
2.1
Collected
@Immutable
@ToString(excludes
=
["age"]) annotations
@AnnotationCollector
@interface
MyAlias
{} The « collector »
Your own custom
alias name @MyAlias
class
Foo
{
Use your
String
name
concise alias
int
age
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groovy2andbeyond-groovygrailsexchange2012-121213084000-phpapp02/85/Groovy-2-and-beyond-93-320.jpg)
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Groovy 2 and beyond
- 1. Groovy 2.0 and beyond Guillaume Laforge Groovy Project Manager SpringSource / VMware @glaforge
- 2. Guillaume Laforge • Groovy Project Manager at VMware • Initiator of the Grails framework • Creator of the Gaelyk • Co-author of Groovy in Action • Follow me on... • My blog: http://glaforge.appspot.com • Twitter: @glaforge • Google+: http://gplus.to/glaforge
- 8. GVM
- 10. GVM
- 12. GVM: Groovy enVironment Manager • New kid in town! • http://gvmtool.net/ — @gvmtool • Manage parallel versions of various SDKs • Currently supports • Groovy, Grails, Griffon, Gradle,Vert.x • On Linux, MacOS, Cygwin, Solaris, FreeBSD
- 13. GROOVY
- 14. Groovy 2.0 bird’s eye view Java 7 Static Type A more Project Checking modular Coin Groovy Invoke Static Compilation Dynamic
- 15. Groovy 2.0 bird’s eye view A more modular Groovy
- 16. Groovy Modularity • Groovy’s « all » JAR weighs in at 6 MB • Nobody needs everything • Template engine, Ant scripting, Swing UI building... • Provide a smaller core • and several smaller JARs per feature • Provide hooks for setting up DGM methods,
- 17. The new JARs • A smaller JAR: 3MB • Modules – console – jsr-223 – test – docgenerator – jmx – testng – groovydoc – sql – json – groovysh – swing – xml – ant – servlet – bsf – templates
- 18. The new JARs • A smaller JAR: 3MB • Modules – console – jsr-223 – test – docgenerator – jmx – testng – groovydoc – sql – json – groovysh – swing – xml – ant – servlet – bsf – templates
- 19. Extension modules • Create your own module • contribute instance extension methods package foo class StringExtension { static introduces(String self, String name) { "Hi ${name), I’m ${self}" } } // usage: "Guillaume".introduces("Cédric")
- 20. Extension modules • Create your own module • contribute instance extension methods Same structure as Categories package foo class StringExtension { static introduces(String self, String name) { "Hi ${name), I’m ${self}" } } // usage: "Guillaume".introduces("Cédric")
- 21. Extension modules • Create your own module • contribute class extension methods package foo class StaticStringExtension { static hi(String self) { "Hi!" } } // usage: String.hi()
- 22. Extension module descriptor • Descriptor in: META-INF/services/ org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.ExtensionModule moduleName = stringExtensions moduleVersion = 1.0 // comma-‐separated list of classes extensionClasses = foo.StringExtension // comma-‐separated list of classes staticExtensionClasses = foo.StaticStringExtension
- 23. Groovy 2.0 bird’s eye view Java 7 Static Type A more Project Checking modular Coin Groovy Invoke Static Compilation Dynamic
- 24. Groovy 2.0 bird’s eye view Java 7 Project Coin Invoke Dynamic
- 25. Binary literals • We had decimal, octal and hexadecimal notations for number literals • We can now use binary representations too int x = 0b10101111 assert x == 175 byte aByte = 0b00100001 assert aByte == 33 int anInt = 0b1010000101000101 assert anInt == 41285
- 26. Underscore in literals • Now we can also add underscores in number literals for more readability long creditCardNumber = 1234_5678_9012_3456L long socialSecurityNumbers = 999_99_9999L float monetaryAmount = 12_345_132.12 long hexBytes = 0xFF_EC_DE_5E long hexWords = 0xFFEC_DE5E long maxLong = 0x7fff_ffff_ffff_ffffL long alsoMaxLong = 9_223_372_036_854_775_807L long bytes = 0b11010010_01101001_10010100_10010010
- 27. Multicatch • One block for multiple exception caught • rather than duplicating the block try { /* ... */ } catch(IOException | NullPointerException e) { /* one block to treat 2 exceptions */ }
- 28. InvokeDynamic • Groovy 2.0 supports JDK 7’s invokeDynamic • compiler has a flag for compiling against JDK 7 • might use the invokeDynamic backport for < JDK 7 • Benefits • more runtime performance! • at least as fast as current « dynamic » Groovy • in the long run, will allow us to get rid of code! • call site caching, thanks to MethodHandles • metaclass registry, thanks to ClassValues • will let the JIT inline calls more easily
- 29. Groovy 2.0 bird’s eye view Java 7 Static Type A more Project Checking modular Coin Groovy Invoke Static Compilation Dynamic
- 30. Groovy 2.0 bird’s eye view Static Type Checking Static Compilation
- 31. Static Type Checking • Goal: make the Groovy compiler « grumpy »! • and throw compilation errors (not at runtime) • Not everybody needs dynamic features all the time • think Java libraries scripting • Grumpy should... • tell you about your method or variable typos • complain if you call methods that don’t exist • shout on assignments of wrong types • infer the types of your variables • figure out GDK methods
- 32. Typos in a variable or method import groovy.transform.TypeChecked void method() {} @TypeChecked test() { // Cannot find matching method metthhoood() metthhoood() def name = "Guillaume" // variable naamme is undeclared println naamme }
- 33. Typos in a variable or method import groovy.transform.TypeChecked void method() {} @TypeChecked test() { // Cannot find matching method metthhoood() metthhoood() Compilation errors! def name = "Guillaume" // variable naamme is undeclared println naamme }
- 34. Typos in a variable or method Annotation can be at class or method level import groovy.transform.TypeChecked void method() {} @TypeChecked test() { // Cannot find matching method metthhoood() metthhoood() Compilation errors! def name = "Guillaume" // variable naamme is undeclared println naamme }
- 35. Wrong assignments // cannot assign value of type... to variable... int x = new Object() Set set = new Object() def o = new Object() int x = o String[] strings = ['a','b','c'] int str = strings[0] // cannot find matching method plus() int i = 0 i += '1'
- 36. Wrong assignments // cannot assign value of type... to variable... int x = new Object() Set set = new Object() Compilation def o = new Object() errors! int x = o String[] strings = ['a','b','c'] int str = strings[0] // cannot find matching method plus() int i = 0 i += '1'
- 37. Wrong return types // checks if/else branch return values @TypeChecked int method() { if (true) { 'String' } else { 42 } } // works for switch/case & try/catch/finally // transparent toString() implied @TypeChecked String greeting(String name) { def sb = new StringBuilder() sb << "Hi " << name }
- 38. Wrong return types // checks if/else branch return values @TypeChecked int method() { Compilation if (true) { 'String' } error! else { 42 } } // works for switch/case & try/catch/finally // transparent toString() implied @TypeChecked String greeting(String name) { def sb = new StringBuilder() sb << "Hi " << name }
- 39. Type inference @TypeChecked test() { def name = " Guillaume " // String type infered (even inside GString) println "NAME = ${name.toUpperCase()}" // Groovy GDK method support // (GDK operator overloading too) println name.trim() int[] numbers = [1, 2, 3] // Element n is an int for (int n in numbers) { println n } }
- 40. Statically checked & dynamic methods @TypeChecked String greeting(String name) { // call method with dynamic behavior // but with proper signature generateMarkup(name.toUpperCase()) } // usual dynamic behavior String generateMarkup(String name) { def sw = new StringWriter() new MarkupBuilder(sw).html { body { div name } } sw.toString() }
- 41. Instanceof checks @TypeChecked void test(Object val) { if (val instanceof String) { println val.toUpperCase() } else if (val instanceof Number) { println "X" * val.intValue() } }
- 42. Instanceof checks @TypeChecked void test(Object val) { No need if (val instanceof String) { println val.toUpperCase() for casts } else if (val instanceof Number) { println "X" * val.intValue() } }
- 43. Instanceof checks @TypeChecked void test(Object val) { No need if (val instanceof String) { println val.toUpperCase() for casts } else if (val instanceof Number) { println "X" * val.intValue() } } Can call String#multiply(int) from the Groovy Development Kit
- 44. Lowest Upper Bound • Represents the lowest « super » type classes have in common • may be virtual (aka « non-denotable ») @TypeChecked test() { // an integer and a BigDecimal return [1234, 3.14] }
- 45. Lowest Upper Bound • Represents the lowest « super » type classes have in common • may be virtual (aka « non-denotable ») @TypeChecked test() { // an integer and a BigDecimal return [1234, 3.14] } Inferred return type: List<Number & Comparable>
- 46. Lowest Upper Bound • Represents the lowest « super » type classes have in common • may be virtual (aka « non-denotable ») @TypeChecked test() { // an integer and a BigDecimal return [1234, 3.14] } Inferred return type: List<Number & Comparable>
- 47. Flow typing • Static type checking shouldn’t complain even for bad coding practicies which work without type checks @TypeChecked test() { def var = 123 // inferred type is int int x = var // var is an int var = "123" // assign var with a String x = var.toInteger() // no problem, no need to cast var = 123 x = var.toUpperCase() // error, var is int! }
- 48. Gotcha: static checking vs dynamic • Type checking works at compile-time • adding @TypeChecked doesn’t change behavior • do not confuse with static compilation • Most dynamic features cannot be type checked • metaclass changes, categories • dynamically bound variables (ex: script’s binding) • But compile-time metaprogramming works • as long as proper type information is defined
- 49. Gotcha: runtime metaprogramming @TypeChecked void test() { Integer.metaClass.foo = {} 123.foo() }
- 50. Gotcha: runtime metaprogramming @TypeChecked void test() { Integer.metaClass.foo = {} 123.foo() } Not allowed: metaClass property is dynamic
- 51. Gotcha: runtime metaprogramming @TypeChecked void test() { Integer.metaClass.foo = {} 123.foo() } Method not Not allowed: recognized metaClass property is dynamic
- 52. Gotcha: explicit type for closures @TypeChecked test() { ["a", "b", "c"].collect { it.toUpperCase() // Not OK } }
- 53. Gotcha: explicit type for closures @TypeChecked test() { ["a", "b", "c"].collect { String it -‐> it.toUpperCase() // OK, it’s a String } }
- 54. Closure shared variables @TypeChecked test() { def var = "abc" def cl = { var = new Date() } if (random) cl() var.toUpperCase() // Not OK! }
- 55. Closure shared variables var assigned in the closure: « shared closure variable » @TypeChecked test() { def var = "abc" def cl = { var = new Date() } if (random) cl() var.toUpperCase() // Not OK! }
- 56. Closure shared variables var assigned in the closure: « shared closure variable » @TypeChecked test() { Impossible to def var = "abc" ensure the def cl = { var = new Date() } assignment if (random) cl() really happens var.toUpperCase() // Not OK! }
- 57. Closure shared variables var assigned in the closure: « shared closure variable » @TypeChecked test() { Impossible to def var = "abc" ensure the def cl = { var = new Date() } assignment if (random) cl() really happens var.toUpperCase() // Not OK! } Only methods of the most specific compatible type (LUB) are allowed by the type checker
- 58. Closure shared variables class A { void foo() {} } class B extends A { void bar() {} } @TypeChecked test() { def var = new A() def cl = { var = new B() } if (random) cl() var.foo() // OK! }
- 59. Closure shared variables class A { void foo() {} } class B extends A { void bar() {} } @TypeChecked test() { def var = new A() def cl = { var = new B() } if (random) cl() var.foo() // OK! } var is at least an instance of A
- 60. Static Compilation • Given your Groovy code can be type checked... we can as well compile it « statically » • ie. generate the same byte code as javac • Also interesting for those stuck in JDK < 7 to benefit from performance improvements
- 61. Static Compilation: advantages • You gain: • Type safety • thanks to static type checking • static compilation builds upon static type checking • Faster code • as close as possible to Java’s performance • Code immune to « monkey patching » • metaprogramming badly used can interfere with framework code • Smaller bytecode size
- 62. Static Compilation: disadvantages • But you loose: • Dynamic features • metaclass changes, categories, etc. • Dynamic method dispatch • although as close as possible to « dynamic » Groovy
- 63. Statically compiled & dynamic methods @CompileStatic String greeting(String name) { // call method with dynamic behavior // but with proper signature generateMarkup(name.toUpperCase()) } // usual dynamic behavior String generateMarkup(String name) { def sw = new StringWriter() new MarkupBuilder(sw).html { body { div name } } sw.toString() }
- 64. What about performance? • Comparisons between: • Java • Groovy static compilation (Groovy 2.0) • Groovy with primitive optimizations (Groovy 1.8+) • Groovy without optimizations (Groovy 1.7)
- 65. What about performance? Pi (π) Binary Fibonacci quadrature trees Java 191 ms 97 ms 3.6 s 1.7 1.8 2.0 Static compilation 197 ms 101 ms 4.3 s Primitive optimizations 360 ms 111 ms 23.7 s No prim. optimizations 2590 ms 3220 ms 50.0 s
- 67. Back to the future...
- 68. Full invoke dynamic support Groovy 2.1 • In Groovy 2.0, not all call paths were going through invoke dynamic calls • essentially method calls only • still used call site caching techniques • On JDK 7 with the « indy » JAR, Groovy 2.1 uses invoke dynamic everywhere • On JDK < 7, still uses call site caching
- 69. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 • Static type checking works nicely for certain Domain-Specific Languages • command chains, extension methods, etc. • But for changes of delegation within closures, it’s not helping • often used by DSLs like within Gradle • Enters @DelegatesTo!
- 70. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 class ExecSpec { void foo() }
- 71. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 class ExecSpec { void foo() } void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() }
- 72. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 class ExecSpec { void foo() } void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() } exec(spec) { foo() }
- 73. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 class ExecSpec { void foo() } void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() } exec(spec) { Static type checker foo() doesn’t know about } that foo() method
- 74. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() }
- 75. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 Annotate with: @DelegatesTo(ExecSpec) void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() }
- 76. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 • With a special delegation strategy void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c.resolveStrategy = DELEGATE_FIRST c() }
- 77. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 • With a special delegation strategy Annotate with: @DelegatesTo(value = ExecSpec, strategy = DELEGATE_FIRST) void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c.resolveStrategy = DELEGATE_FIRST c() }
- 78. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 • Use Target to specify the precise argument to delegate to void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() }
- 79. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 • Use Target to specify the precise argument to delegate to @DelegatesTo.Target("id") void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() }
- 80. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 • Use Target to specify the precise argument to delegate to @DelegatesTo.Target("id") @DelegatesTo(target = "id") void exec(ExecSpec sp, Closure c) { c.delegate = sp c() }
- 81. @DelegatesTo Groovy 2.1 • For DSLs using Groovy closure delegation • Great for... • documenting APIs • IDE integration • code completion, code navigation... • working nicely with static type checking and static compilation
- 82. Custom type checking Groovy 2.1 • You can make Groovy’s static type checking even smarter, with your own smarts! • even smarter than Java’s :-) • Create your own type checker extension @TypeChecked(extensions = 'MyExtension.groovy') void exec() { // code to be further checked... }
- 83. Custom type checking Groovy 2.1 • Your own extension has access to an event-based API • onMethodSelection • methodNotFound • afterMethodCall • unresolvedVariable • beforeMethodCall • unresolvedProperty • unresolvedAttribute • afterVisitMethod • beforeVisitMethod • incompatibleAssignment
- 84. Custom type checking Groovy 2.1 MyExtension.groovy onMethodSelection { expr, method -‐> ... } afterMethodCall { mc -‐> ... } unresolvedVariable { var -‐> ... } methodNotFound { receiver, name, argList, argTypes, call -‐> ... } methodNotFound { receiver, name, argList, argTypes, call -‐> ... } incompatibleAssignment { lhsType, rhsType, expr -‐> ... }
- 85. Custom type checking Groovy 2.1 MyExtension.groovy onMethodSelection { expr, method -‐> ... } afterMethodCall { mc -‐> ... } unresolvedVariable { var -‐> ... } methodNotFound { receiver, name, argList, argTypes, call -‐> ... } methodNotFound { receiver, name, argList, argTypes, call -‐> ... } incompatibleAssignment { lhsType, rhsType, expr -‐> ... } Know your Groovy AST API well ;-)
- 86. Custom type checking Groovy 2.1 Doesn’t need MyExtension.groovy to be compiled onMethodSelection { expr, method -‐> ... } afterMethodCall { mc -‐> ... } unresolvedVariable { var -‐> ... } methodNotFound { receiver, name, argList, argTypes, call -‐> ... } methodNotFound { receiver, name, argList, argTypes, call -‐> ... } incompatibleAssignment { lhsType, rhsType, expr -‐> ... } Know your Groovy AST API well ;-)
- 87. Alias annotations Groovy 2.1 • Ability to create meta-annotations combining and/or parameterizing other annotations • Works also for local AST transformations and their annotations
- 88. Alias annotations Groovy 2.1 @Immutable @ToString(excludes = ["age"]) @AnnotationCollector @interface MyAlias {}
- 89. Alias annotations Groovy 2.1 @Immutable @ToString(excludes = ["age"]) @AnnotationCollector @interface MyAlias {} The « collector »
- 90. Alias annotations Groovy 2.1 Collected @Immutable @ToString(excludes = ["age"]) annotations @AnnotationCollector @interface MyAlias {} The « collector »
- 91. Alias annotations Groovy 2.1 Collected @Immutable @ToString(excludes = ["age"]) annotations @AnnotationCollector @interface MyAlias {} The « collector » Your own custom alias name
- 92. Alias annotations Groovy 2.1 Collected @Immutable @ToString(excludes = ["age"]) annotations @AnnotationCollector @interface MyAlias {} The « collector » Your own custom alias name @MyAlias class Foo { String name int age }
- 93. Alias annotations Groovy 2.1 Collected @Immutable @ToString(excludes = ["age"]) annotations @AnnotationCollector @interface MyAlias {} The « collector » Your own custom alias name @MyAlias class Foo { Use your String name concise alias int age }
- 94. Take control of your Groovy! Groovy 2.1 • Groovy 1.8 introduced compilation customizers • add imports, AST xforms, secure the AST... • With static type checking and static compilation, we received feedback from people wanting them applied « by default » • Allow to instruct the groovyc compiler with a configuration script • groovyc -configurator compConf.groovy Foo.groovy
- 95. Take control of your Groovy! Groovy 2.1 • Add a default @ToString transform import groovy.transform.ToString import org.codehaus.groovy.control.customizers • .ASTTransformationCustomizer config.addCompilationCustomizer( new ASTTransformationCustomizer(ToString) )
- 96. Take control of your Groovy! Groovy 2.1 • Add a default @ToString transform import groovy.transform.ToString import org.codehaus.groovy.control.customizers • .ASTTransformationCustomizer config.addCompilationCustomizer( new ASTTransformationCustomizer(ToString) ) Implicit «config» variable representing a CompilationConfiguration instance
- 97. Take control of your Groovy! Groovy 2.1 • You can use a builder syntax: config.customizers { // apply to MyBean.groovy source(basename: 'MyBean') { ast(ToString) } }
- 98. Take control of your Groovy! Groovy 2.1 • You can use a builder syntax: config.customizers { // apply to MyBean.groovy config.customizers { source(basename: 'MyBean') { // apply to *.gbean files ast(ToString) source(extension: '.gbean') { } ast(ToString) } } }
- 99. Take control of your Groovy! Groovy 2.1 • You can use a builder syntax: config.customizers { // apply to MyBean.groovy config.customizers { source(basename: 'MyBean') { // apply to *.gbean files ast(ToString) config.customizers { source(extension: '.gbean') { } // custom filter logic ast(ToString) } // with compilation units } } source(unitValidator: { unit -‐> ... }) { ast(ToString) } }
- 100. Roadmap Groovy 2.1 Groovy 4.0 2012 2013 2014 2014 Groovy 2.0 Groovy 3.0
- 101. Roadmap Groovy 2.1 Groovy 4.0 2012 2013 2014 2014 Groovy 2.0 Groovy 3.0
- 102. Roadmap Groovy 2.1 Groovy 4.0 2012 2013 2014 2014 Groovy 2.0 Groovy 3.0
- 103. End of 2012... and the world? 2012 GGeX End of the world
- 104. End of 2012... and the world? 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of the world
- 105. End of 2012... and the world? Groovy 2.1 beta 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of the world
- 106. End of 2012... and the world? Groovy 2.1 beta 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of Recovering the world from GGeX
- 107. End of 2012... and the world? Groovy 2.1 beta 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of Recovering the world from GGeX
- 108. End of 2012... and the world? Groovy 2.1 beta Christmas 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of Recovering the world from GGeX
- 109. End of 2012... and the world? Groovy 2.1 beta Christmas 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of Recovering the world from GGeX
- 110. End of 2012... and the world? Groovy 2.1 beta Christmas 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of Recovering the world from GGeX
- 111. End of 2012... and the world? Groovy 2.1 beta Christmas 2012 Dec GGeX 17-23 End of Recovering Recovering the world from GGeX again !
- 112. Happy New Year! Jan 7-13
- 113. Happy New Year! Groovy 2.1 RC Jan 7-13
- 114. Happy New Year! Groovy 2.1 RC Jan Jan 7-13 14-21
- 115. Happy New Year! Groovy 2.1 RC Jan Jan 7-13 14-21 Wait for feedback
- 116. Happy New Year! Groovy 2.1 RC Potential 2nd RC Jan Jan 7-13 14-21 Wait for feedback
- 117. Happy New Year! Groovy 2.1 RC Potential 2nd RC Jan Jan Jan 7-13 14-21 22-29 Wait for feedback
- 118. Happy New Year! Groovy 2.1 RC Potential 2nd RC Jan Jan Jan 7-13 14-21 22-29 Wait for Groovy 2.1 feedback Final !
- 119. Back to 2013 and beyond Groovy 2.1 Groovy 4.0 2012 2013 2014 2014 Groovy 2.0 Groovy 3.0
- 120. Groovy The infamous 3.0 MOP 2
- 121. Groovy 4.0 Antlr 4 grammar
- 122. oovy λ Gr JDK 4.0 8 Lambdas
- 124. Summary (1/2) • As always, a rich and blossoming ecosystem • Groovy 2.0 • more modularity • static theme • static type checking • static compilation • JDK 7 theme • invoke dynamic support • project coin syntax enhancements
- 125. Summary (2/2) • Groovy 2.1 • complete indy support • @DelegatesTo • custom type checking for your DSLs • alias annotation • And beyond... • a new MOP (Meta-Object Protocol) • a new grammar with Antlr 4 • JDK 8 lambda support
- 126. Thank you! ge me Lafor lopment Guillau roovy Deve G H ead of m @g mail.co laforge rge Email: g @glafo /glaforg e : .to Twitter : http://gplus spot.com + pp Google p://glaforge.a tt Blog: h
- 127. Picture credits • London http://www.londonup.com/media/1251/Tower-Bridge-london-582331_1024_768.jpg • cherry blossom http://wallpaperswide.com/cherry_blossom_3-wallpapers.html • NKOTB http://images1.fanpop.com/images/photos/2300000/nkotb-new-kids-on-the-block-2314664-1280-960.jpg • USA today http://www.adams-pr.com/images/uploads/USA_Today_logo.jpg • back to the future http://davidhiggerson.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/back-to-the-future-delorean.jpg • magnifying glass http://www.renders-graphiques.fr/image/upload/normal/loupe.png • Santa Claus http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/fasticon/santa-claus/256/Happy-SantaClaus-icon.png • Champagne http://reallife101blogs.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/champagne_glasses2.jpg • that’s all folks http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wJxosualm48/T4M_spcUUjI/AAAAAAAAB8E/njfLjNZQdsc/s1600/thats-all-folks.jpg • MOP http://imagethumbnails.milo.com/024/913/894/trimmed/24913521_25989894_trimmed.jpg • grammar http://edudemic.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/connected-learner-grammar.jpg