Groovy to gradle

Jun 16, 2016Download as PPTX, PDF0 likes230 views

This document discusses how Groovy powers Gradle's domain-specific language (DSL). It outlines Groovy's features like optional syntax, closures, and Java integration. It then shows how Gradle uses Groovy to define its DSL, with examples like applying plugins and defining tasks. Finally, it mentions that AST transformations allow customizing Groovy's compilation for the Gradle DSL, and that Launcher.java loads Groovy scripts while TaskTransformer.java builds task method calls from the Groovy AST.

Outline
• Groovy syntax
• Gradle DSL
• Groovy -> Gradle

Groovy
• Powerful features
• Smooth Java integration
• Domain-Specific Languages

Optional syntax
• Optional semincolon
• Optional parentheses for top-
level expressions
println “Hello" //println(“Hello”);
• Optional return
• Optional don in method chain
say "Hello" to “Fred" //say(“Hello”).to("Fred");
class Message {
String message
def to( String person) {
println "$message, $person!"
}
}
def say (String message) {
new Message(message:message)
}

Closure
• A snippet of code that
can be assigned to a
variable and executed
later
• We can put closure
outside the argument
list if it’s the last
argument
def p = {
println it
}
def work(input, cl) {
cl(input)
}
work ‘input’, p
work ‘input’, { println it}
work(‘input') { println it}

Java integration
In Java code, load and
compile groovy script with
groovy.lang.GroovyClassLo
ader
http://groovy-
lang.org/integrating.html#integ
-groovyshell
GroovyClassLoader gcl = new GroovyClassLoader();
Class aClass = gcl.parseClass(groovyScript);
Script script = (Script) aClass.newInstance();
script.run();

DSL
• deposit 100.00 currency GBP
to savings
=>deposit(100.00).currency(GBP
).to(savings)
enum Currency { USD, GBP, EUR }
class Account {
double balance
}
static def convert ( currency, amount) {
def result
switch (currency) {
case Currency.USD: result = amount
break
case Currency.GBP: result = amount * 1.3
break
case Currency.EUR: result = amount * 1.1
}
result
}
static def deposit (double amount) {
[
currency: { Currency currency ->
[to: { account ->
account.balance += convert( currency , amount )
}
]
}
]
}

AST transformations
• We can even hook AST transformers to customise
Groovy compilation process for building DSL

Gradle DSL
apply plugin: 'java'
task myTask {
setDescription 'this is myTask balabla'
}
call method apply on project with
a map argument [plugin: ‘java’]
call method task on project with
two arguments, a string and a closure

Groovy -> Gradle
https://github.com/gdhuang/MyGradle
• Launcher.java: load and compile groovy script with
groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader
• TaskTransformer.java: TaskTransformer is hooked
to groovy to build task method call.
task myTask {…} => task (myTask, {…})

Summary
• We show gradle syntax and ast transformer.
Gradle dynamic semantic, e.g., invokeMethod and
metaclass is left to you
• Gradle is implemented in Java and is powered by
groovy to provide Gradle DSL

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Groovy to gradle

1. Groovy -> Gradle GD Huang

2. Outline • Groovy syntax • Gradle DSL • Groovy -> Gradle

3. Groovy • Powerful features • Smooth Java integration • Domain-Specific Languages

4. Optional syntax • Optional semincolon • Optional parentheses for top- level expressions println “Hello" //println(“Hello”); • Optional return • Optional don in method chain say "Hello" to “Fred" //say(“Hello”).to("Fred"); class Message { String message def to( String person) { println "$message, $person!" } } def say (String message) { new Message(message:message) }

5. Closure • A snippet of code that can be assigned to a variable and executed later • We can put closure outside the argument list if it’s the last argument def p = { println it } def work(input, cl) { cl(input) } work ‘input’, p work ‘input’, { println it} work(‘input') { println it}

6. Java integration In Java code, load and compile groovy script with groovy.lang.GroovyClassLo ader http://groovy- lang.org/integrating.html#integ -groovyshell GroovyClassLoader gcl = new GroovyClassLoader(); Class aClass = gcl.parseClass(groovyScript); Script script = (Script) aClass.newInstance(); script.run();

7. DSL • deposit 100.00 currency GBP to savings =>deposit(100.00).currency(GBP ).to(savings) enum Currency { USD, GBP, EUR } class Account { double balance } static def convert ( currency, amount) { def result switch (currency) { case Currency.USD: result = amount break case Currency.GBP: result = amount * 1.3 break case Currency.EUR: result = amount * 1.1 } result } static def deposit (double amount) { [ currency: { Currency currency -> [to: { account -> account.balance += convert( currency , amount ) } ] } ] }

8. AST transformations • We can even hook AST transformers to customise Groovy compilation process for building DSL

9. Gradle DSL apply plugin: 'java' task myTask { setDescription 'this is myTask balabla' } call method apply on project with a map argument [plugin: ‘java’] call method task on project with two arguments, a string and a closure

10. Groovy -> Gradle https://github.com/gdhuang/MyGradle • Launcher.java: load and compile groovy script with groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader • TaskTransformer.java: TaskTransformer is hooked to groovy to build task method call. task myTask {…} => task (myTask, {…})

11. Summary • We show gradle syntax and ast transformer. Gradle dynamic semantic, e.g., invokeMethod and metaclass is left to you • Gradle is implemented in Java and is powered by groovy to provide Gradle DSL

Groovy to gradle

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