GTFO: Git Theory For OpenSource

GIT
THEORY
FOR
OPEN
by Forest SOURCE
Mars

11/4/30

“Using Git for web development is
like Shopping for groceries in a
Ferrari”

Source Source

Code Code

SCCS
Control Managment

System VCS Software

Software SVSC Configuration

Management
Version RCS SVC
Control Concurrent

System SCM Versioning

System
Version SCMS
SCM Centralised
Control

System
CVS Version

System

Version

Distributed

Version

Control

System

DVCS

Distributed

Revision

Control

System

DRCS

Speed

Lightweight

Distributed

Security

Code Integrity

Easy branching

GITTING STARTED

LINUX

$ sudo yum install git gitweb

$ sudo aptitude install git-core gitweb

OSX

$ sudo port install git-core

osx-git-installer:
code.google.com/p/git-osx-installer/

Installing Git the Recommended Way:

# GPG (if you didn't have it already)
curl ftp://ftp.gnupg.org/gcrypt/gnupg/gnupg-
1.4.7.tar.bz2 tar xj
cd gnupg-1.4.7
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..

# GetText
curl http://mirrors.usc.edu/pub/gnu/gettext/gettext-
0.17.tar.gz tar xz
cd gettext-0.17
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..

Installing Git the Recommended Way:

# GIT
curl http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-
1.5.5.tar.bz2 tar xj
cd git-1.5.5
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..
curl http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-
manpages-1.5.5.tar.bz2
sudo tar xj -C /usr/local/share/man

git config --global user.name "Forest Mars"

git config --global user.email
forest@15382.no-reply.drupal.org

git config --global user.xmpp
“twitter.com/forestmars”

git config --global user.irc
“kombucha”

$ git config --global color.status auto

$ git config --global color.branch auto

$ git config --global color.diff auto

git protocol

$ git clone
git://github.com/drupal/drupal.git

http protocol

$ git clone
http://github.com/drupal/drupal.git

git protocol

$ git clone
git://git.drupal.org/project/drupal

http protocol

$ git clone
http://git.drupal.org/project/drupal

PS1='[u@h W$(__git_ps1 " (%s)")]$ '

[forest@githubris gtfo (master)]:

$ git

usage: git [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [--html-path]
[-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects]
[--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE]
[-c name=value] [--help]
COMMAND [ARGS]

The most commonly used git commands are:
add Add file contents to the index
bisect Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
branch List, create, or delete branches
checkout Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
clone Clone a repository into a new directory
commit Record changes to the repository
diff Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
fetch Download objects and refs from another repository
grep Print lines matching a pattern
init Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one
log Show commit logs
merge Join two or more development histories together
mv Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
pull Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch
push Update remote refs along with associated objects
rebase Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
reset Reset current HEAD to the specified state
rm Remove files from the working tree and from the index
show Show various types of objects
status Show the working tree status
tag Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

$ git add .

$ git commit -a -m “commit
message”

$ git push

WORKING WITH REMOTES

$ git remote add origin
git@host:repo-name.git

$ git remote add origin
forest@git.drupal.org
:sandbox/forest/project.git

$ git remote add github
git@github.com:forestmars/example.g
it

$ git remote -v

(What if I need to make my
repo bare later?)

$ git config --bool core.bare true

Quite possibly the most
useful slide in this deck

$ git describe

$ git status

$ git ls-files

$ git diff

$ git log --since=2.weeks

$ git foo –help

Wait I was wrong, this is the
really important one:

$ git commit --ammend

$ git checkout HEAD some_file

$ git revert HEAD^

$ git revert HEAD~1 -m 1

$ git reset --hard HEAD

$ git reset --hard [reflog-id]

DON'T LOSE YOUR HEAD

$ git checkout HEAD

$ git reset --hard HEAD

IN EVENT OF CATASTROPHIC FAILURE (or where's the
Undo-Undo button?)
[forest@githubris gtfo (master)]$ git add somefile

[forest@githubris gtfo (master)]$ git commit -m "updated some file"
[master 7ff5b1e] updated some file
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 somefile

[forest@githubris gtfo (master)]$ cat somefile
contents of somefile

[forest@githubris gtfo (master)]$ git reset --hard HEAD^
HEAD is now at 15dae3b somefile

cat: otherfile: No such file or directory

[forest@baird gtfo (master)]$ git reflog
15dae3b HEAD@{0}: HEAD^: updating HEAD
7ff5b1e HEAD@{1}: commit: updated some file

[forest@githubris gtfo (master)]$ git reset --hard 7ff5b1e
HEAD is now at 7ff5b1e updated some file


git clone --branch 7.x
git://git.drupal.org/project/drupal.git ./

$ git clone --branch master
http://git.drupal.org:project/devel.git

$ git clone -b '6.x-3.x'
git://git.drupal.org/project/admin_menu.git
$ git clone --branch 7.x
git://git.drupal.org/project/some_module.git
./

$ cd some_module

$ (edit files)

$ git add (files)

$ git commit -m 'Explain what I changed'

CLONE

FETCH

CHECKOUT

PRUNE

$ got fetch origin
[remote-branch]:[new-local-branch]

CLONE

FETCH

CHECKOUT

PRUNE

$ git checkout -b some_branch origin/some_branch

CLONE

FETCH

CHECKOUT

PRUNE

$ git remote prune -v [remote-repo]

$ git branch
* master

$ git branch new_branch

$ git checkout -b new_branch
[old_branch_name]

$ git branch -r -d origin/
[new_branch_name]

$ git branch --track ... origin/...

$ git branch
* master
new_feature

$ git merge new_feature

$ git branch new_branch

$ git rebase

$ git pull --rebase

$ git rebase -i

$ git rebase

PUSH ME PULL YOU
$ git push
$ git push origin master

$ git push origin [branch-name]

$ git push [remote-repo]
LOCALBRANCHNAME:REMOTEBRANCHNAME

default behavior of git is to push matching refs,
so git push <remote-repo> would not push branch if it is not
present on <remote-repo>

$ git push -f –all

Once the local branch is pushed to the remote, execute:

$ git --set-upstream [local-branch] origin/[branch-name]

to make the local branch track the remote branch.

$ git push -n --dryrun

The Dirtiest Git Hack You Will Ever
See

$ git push upstream
upstreammaster:master
! [rejected] master -> master (non-
fast forward)

$ git push origin :master


$ git clone forest@git.drupal.org
:sandbox/forest//1140078.git

Cloning into /1140078...

forest@git.drupal.org's password:

$ git clone forest@git.drupal.org


forest@git.drupal.org's password:

$ git clone git@git.drupal.org


$ echo 'name = "My Awesome Module"' >
1140078.info

$ echo '<?php>' > my_awesome.module

$ git status
On branch master

Initial commit

Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in
what will be committed)

1140078.info
my_awesome.module
nothing added to commit but untracked files
present (use "git add" to track)

$ git add .

$ git commit -m “initial commit”


Counting objects: 5, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 300 bytes,
done.
Total 3 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0)
To
forest@git.drupal.org:sandbox/forest//114007
8.git
1a8d48d..f6dcf5d master -> master

linkedin.com/in/forestmars

twitter.com/forestmars

about.me/forestmars

THANX!
twitter.com/forestmars

Adding Bash Completion for Git on Mac OS X Snow Leopard

cd /tmp && git clone
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/g
it/git.git

cd git && git checkout v`git
--version | awk '{print $3}'`
cp contrib/completion/git-
completion.bash ~/.git-
completion.bash

Cd ~ && rm -rf /tmp/git
echo -e "source ~/.git-
completion.bash" >> .profile

sudo port install git-core
+bash_completion

if [ -ftwitter.com/forestmars
/opt/local/etc/bash_completion
]; then .
/opt/local/etc/bash_completion
fi

GTFO: Git Theory For OpenSource

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