Hacking the Linux Kernel - An Introduction

Aug 13, 20180 likes88 views

Introduction to the Linux Kernel. Ever wondered how Linux is going? Ever wondered how to contribute to Linux? Now is your chance to get some hands-on information that will help shape your kernel engineer career.

Hacking the
LINUX KERNEL
Introduction
Kurusa Levente
<levex@linux.com>
Free Software Conference Szeged, Szent-Györgyi Albert Agóra, 2013. november 29. 15:00

A little bit of history...
● Development began in 1991 on behalf of Linus
Torvalds
● UNIX clone
● Originally not meant to be portable

What is a kernel and what is it for?
● The core of the operating system
● Responsibilities:
● Initialize the system for usage
● Minimal protection of data
● Help development of software by abstractions.

What type of a kernel is Linux?
● Monolithic
● Modular
● Free software!

Development statistics
● Since 2005, more than 10000 developers from 1000
companies
● Every 70 days a new release, this number was 80 days
in 2012.
● Approx. 10000 modifications each release
● Every hour 7.14 modifications, this was 6.9 in 2012

Code statistics
● Approx. 44000 files
● Approx 18M lines of code
● Languages:
– 96.08% ANSI-C
– 3.63 % Assembly
– 0.10 % Perl

Where is Linux mostly used?
● Android devices (1.3M each day)
● Smart TVs (700.000 daily)
● Financial transactions (80%)
● Supercomputers (98%)
És:
● The cloud (Google, Facebook, Amazon)
● Defence system
● Nuclear submarines
● Trains, airports, and more!

Contribution
● This is the biggest collab project!
● The hackers have already found the easy but
useful way.
● 'scripts/checkpatch.pl'
● With this script you can find common
codestyle issues in the code

Staging drivers
● Drivers of small startups (mostly)
● Full of codestyle errors
● Checkpatch.pl finds these and identifies them
● The volunteering developer corrects them!
(patching)
● And they have contributed to the success of
Linux! :-)

Patch creation I.
● git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/next/linux-
next.git
● 'drivers/staging' exploration
● Select a file from this folder
● 'scripts/checkpatch.pl -f <file location>

Patch creation II.
● 'git commit -a' saves the changes

Patch creation III.
● 'git format-patch -1 ' creates a patch file, name
is shown on stdout.
● Next step is to send the patch.

Sending the patch
● Setting up SMTP
●
●
● Find out the maintainers:
'scripts/get_maintainer.pl <patchfile>'
●
●
● 'git send-email --to=$maintainer --cc=”Levente
Kurusa <levex@linux.com>” <patchfile>'

Postscript
● Hopefully when you go home, you create a
patch like this! :-)
● After that, welcome to the group of Kernel
Hackers!

Thank you for your attention!
● Kernel panic – not syncing: Reached end of
presentation.

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Hacking the Linux Kernel - An Introduction

1. Hacking the LINUX KERNEL Introduction Kurusa Levente <[email protected]> Free Software Conference Szeged, Szent-Györgyi Albert Agóra, 2013. november 29. 15:00

2. A little bit of history... ● Development began in 1991 on behalf of Linus Torvalds ● UNIX clone ● Originally not meant to be portable

3. What is a kernel and what is it for? ● The core of the operating system ● Responsibilities: ● Initialize the system for usage ● Minimal protection of data ● Help development of software by abstractions.

4. What type of a kernel is Linux? ● Monolithic ● Modular ● Free software!

5. Root of the kernel directory

6. Development statistics ● Since 2005, more than 10000 developers from 1000 companies ● Every 70 days a new release, this number was 80 days in 2012. ● Approx. 10000 modifications each release ● Every hour 7.14 modifications, this was 6.9 in 2012

7. Code statistics ● Approx. 44000 files ● Approx 18M lines of code ● Languages: – 96.08% ANSI-C – 3.63 % Assembly – 0.10 % Perl

8. Where is Linux mostly used? ● Android devices (1.3M each day) ● Smart TVs (700.000 daily) ● Financial transactions (80%) ● Supercomputers (98%) És: ● The cloud (Google, Facebook, Amazon) ● Defence system ● Nuclear submarines ● Trains, airports, and more!

9. Contribution ● This is the biggest collab project! ● The hackers have already found the easy but useful way. ● 'scripts/checkpatch.pl' ● With this script you can find common codestyle issues in the code

10. Staging drivers ● Drivers of small startups (mostly) ● Full of codestyle errors ● Checkpatch.pl finds these and identifies them ● The volunteering developer corrects them! (patching) ● And they have contributed to the success of Linux! :-)

11. Patch creation I. ● git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/next/linux- next.git ● 'drivers/staging' exploration ● Select a file from this folder ● 'scripts/checkpatch.pl -f <file location>

12. Patch creation II. ● 'git commit -a' saves the changes

13. Patch creation III. ● 'git format-patch -1 ' creates a patch file, name is shown on stdout. ● Next step is to send the patch.

14. Sending the patch ● Setting up SMTP ● ● ● Find out the maintainers: 'scripts/get_maintainer.pl <patchfile>' ● ● ● 'git send-email --to=$maintainer --cc=”Levente Kurusa <[email protected]>” <patchfile>'

15. We are done! :-)

16. Postscript ● Hopefully when you go home, you create a patch like this! :-) ● After that, welcome to the group of Kernel Hackers!

17. Thank you for your attention! ● Kernel panic – not syncing: Reached end of presentation.