![Basic Controller Handling
• Scenarios, Goals and Design
● URLs route to controller “actions”, not pages –
mark actions in Controller.
● Controller executes logic, chooses view.
[ControllerAction]
public void ShowPost(int id) {
Post p = PostRepository.GetPostById(id);
if (p != null) {
RenderView("showpost", p);
} else {
RenderView("nosuchpost", id);
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hanselmanliptonaspconnectionsams304mvc-120101030538-phpapp02/85/Hanselman-lipton-asp_connections_ams304_mvc-11-320.jpg)
![URL Routing – Pretty URIs
• Developers adds Routes to a global RouteTable
• Mapping creates a RouteData - a bag of key/values
protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
RouteTable.Routes.Add(new Route {
Url = "Blog/bydate/[year]/[month]/[day]",
Defaults = new { controller="blog", action="showposts" },
Validation = new { year=@"d{1,4}", month= @"d{1,2}",
day = @"d{1,2}"} });
RouteTable.Routes.Add(new Route {
Url = "[controller]/[action]/[id]",
RouteHandler = typeof(MvcRouteHandler) });
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hanselmanliptonaspconnectionsams304mvc-120101030538-phpapp02/85/Hanselman-lipton-asp_connections_ams304_mvc-13-320.jpg)
![Testing Controller Actions
• No requirement to mock out full ASP.NET runtime.
[TestMethod]
public void ShowPostsDisplayPostView() {
TestPostRepository repository = new TestPostRepository();
TestViewFactory viewFactory = new TestViewFactory();
BlogController controller = new BlogController(…);
controller.ShowPost(2);
Assert.AreEqual("showpost", viewFactory.LastRequestedView);
Assert.IsTrue(repository.GetPostByIdWasCalled);
Assert.AreEqual(2, repository.LastRequestedPostId);
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hanselmanliptonaspconnectionsams304mvc-120101030538-phpapp02/85/Hanselman-lipton-asp_connections_ams304_mvc-17-320.jpg)
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- 1. AMS304: Introduction to the ASP.NET Model View Controller (MVC) Framework Scott Hanselman Eilon Lipton Microsoft Microsoft [email protected] [email protected]
- 2. MVC INTRO
- 3. Goodness • Maintain Clean Separation of Concerns ● Easy Testing ● Red/Green TDD ● Highly maintainable applications by default • Extensible and Pluggable ● Support replacing any component of the system
- 4. Goodness • Enable clean URLs and HTML ● SEO and REST friendly URL structures • Great integration within ASP.NET ● Support both static and dynamic languages
- 5. What’s the Point? • This is not Web Forms 4.0 ● It’s about alternatives. Car vs. Motorcycle. • Simple or as complex as you like ● Extend it, add IOC. Or not. If the shoe pinches, don’t wear it. • Fundamental ● Part of System.Web and isn’t going anywhere. • Plays Well With Others ● Feel free to use NHibernate for Models, Brail for Views and Whatever for Controllers. Be Happy.
- 6. MVC Model View Controller
- 7. A Little More Detail •Browser requests /Products/ •Route is determined Model •Controller is activated •Method on Controller is invoke •Controller does some stuff •Renders View, passing in custom ViewData •URLs are rendered, pointing to other View Controller Controllers
- 8. Even More Detail – Request Flow Request • You can futz at each step in the process URL Http Routing Controller Response Handler Route View Route View Handler Factory
- 9. Demo – Hello MVC World Don’t fall asleep, it’ll be worth it.
- 10. MVC HOW IT WORKS
- 11. Basic Controller Handling • Scenarios, Goals and Design ● URLs route to controller “actions”, not pages – mark actions in Controller. ● Controller executes logic, chooses view. [ControllerAction] public void ShowPost(int id) { Post p = PostRepository.GetPostById(id); if (p != null) { RenderView("showpost", p); } else { RenderView("nosuchpost", id); } }
- 12. Basic Views • Scenarios, Goals and Design: ● Are for rendering/output. • Pre-defined and extensible rendering helpers ● Can use .ASPX, .ASCX, .MASTER, etc. ● Can replace with other view technologies: • Template engines (NVelocity, Brail, …). • Output formats (images, RSS, JSON, …). • Mock out for testing. ● Controller sets data on the View • Loosely typed or strongly typed data
- 13. URL Routing – Pretty URIs • Developers adds Routes to a global RouteTable • Mapping creates a RouteData - a bag of key/values protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { RouteTable.Routes.Add(new Route { Url = "Blog/bydate/[year]/[month]/[day]", Defaults = new { controller="blog", action="showposts" }, Validation = new { year=@"d{1,4}", month= @"d{1,2}", day = @"d{1,2}"} }); RouteTable.Routes.Add(new Route { Url = "[controller]/[action]/[id]", RouteHandler = typeof(MvcRouteHandler) }); }
- 14. Demo – Routing The route less travelled…
- 15. MVC HOW TO TEST IT
- 16. Interfaces and TDD • Mockable Intrinsics ● IHttpContext, IHttpResponse, IHttpRequest • Extensibility ● IController ● IControllerFactory ● IRouteHandler ● IView ● IViewFactory
- 17. Testing Controller Actions • No requirement to mock out full ASP.NET runtime. [TestMethod] public void ShowPostsDisplayPostView() { TestPostRepository repository = new TestPostRepository(); TestViewFactory viewFactory = new TestViewFactory(); BlogController controller = new BlogController(…); controller.ShowPost(2); Assert.AreEqual("showpost", viewFactory.LastRequestedView); Assert.IsTrue(repository.GetPostByIdWasCalled); Assert.AreEqual(2, repository.LastRequestedPostId); }
- 18. Controller Factory • Scenarios, Goals and Design: ● Hook creation of controller instance • Dependency Injection. • Object Interception. public interface IControllerFactory { IController CreateController(IHttpContext context, RouteData routeData, Type controllerType); } protected void Application_Start(object s, EventArgs e) { ControllerBuilder.Current.SetDefaultControllerFactory( typeof(MyControllerFactory)); }
- 19. View Factory • Scenarios, Goals and Design: ● Mock out views for testing ● Replace ASPX with other technologies public interface IViewFactory { IView CreateView(IHttpContext context, RouteData routeData, string viewName, string layoutName, object viewData); } Inside controller class: ViewFactory = new XmlViewFactory(...); RenderView("foo", myData);
- 20. Demo – TDD Wasn’t this demo technically supposed to be first?
- 21. Demo – Dynamic Data Controls Not DDE. Scared you, didn’t I?
- 22. Demo – ImageGen It’s your thing. Do what you wanna do.
- 23. Demo – Ruby View Engine & Python Controller It’s a kinder, gentler Microsoft. No seriously. Hug?
- 24. Demo – XML-RPC SOAP is for dorks.
- 25. Conclusion • This is not Web Forms 4.0 ● It’s about alternatives. Car vs. Motorcycle. • Simple or as complex as you like ● Extend it, add IOC. Or not. If the shoe pinches, don’t wear it. • Fundamental ● Part of System.Web and isn’t going anywhere. • Plays Well With Others ● Feel free to use NHibernate for Models, Brail for Views and VB for Controllers. Be Happy.
- 26. Your Feedback is Important Please fill out a session evaluation form and either put them in the basket near the exit or drop them off at the conference registration desk. Thank you!