Hardware Acceleration in WebKit

Dec 19, 201115 likes11,075 views

Hardware Acceleration in WebKit provides concise summaries of key points: 1) WebKit uses various techniques like off-screen buffers, JIT compilation, and graphics acceleration to improve browsing performance. Graphics acceleration reduces CPU usage by offloading tasks like rendering to the GPU. 2) WebKit supports hardware acceleration of video playback and 2D canvas rendering through interfaces to video and graphics hardware. This allows smoother playback and animation. 3) Accelerated compositing in WebKit uses multiple tree structures integrated with the rendering process to take advantage of GPU acceleration for CSS3 effects, transitions, animations, and HTML5 video through interfaces like OpenCL.

Hardware Acceleration in
WebKit

허준회 (Joone Hur)

2011. 12/16

about me

• 허준회 Joone Hur (joone@webkit.org, @joone)
• WebKit Committer
• Working on WebKitGtk+, webkit-clutter

http://collabora.com

Contents

• Accelerating Browsing
• Video Acceleration
• 2D Acceleration
• Accelerated Compositing
• WebKit-Clutter
• Demo

Accelerating Browsing

• Off-screen buffer (Backing Store)
• JavaScript engine with JIT (Just-in-Time)
compilation
• Graphics Acceleration

Graphics Acceleration?

• Reducing memory copy
• Rendering by GPU instead of CPU
o alpha blending
o matrix transforms
o color space conversion

Video Acceleration

video stream => main memory => video memory
(CPU) (CPU)

video stream => decoder (or GPU) => video memory
(DMA)

iPad plays only one video due to hardware
acceleration

http://shapeshed.com/examples/
HTML5-video-element/

2D Acceleration in WebKit

• GPU accelerated 2D canvas
o https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43210
• Can be tested in Chrome browser
o about:flags => Enable "GPU Accelerated Canvas 2D"

Major steps in HTML page rendering in IE9

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2010/09/10/
the-architecture-of-full-hardware-acceleration-of-all-web-page-content.aspx

Tree structures in WebCore

• Document Tree
o DOM Tree, Shadow DOM Tree
• Render Tree
o RenderObject Tree
o RenderStyle Tree
o RenderLayer Tree
o GraphicsLayer Tree
o LineBox Tree

RenderLayer Tree
A RenderLayer is created if:
 It's the root object for the page (RenderView)
 It has explicit CSS position properties (relative, absolute, fixed)
 It has CSS3 transforms property
 It is transparent (CSS opacity)
 It has overflow, an alpha mask or reflection
 Corresponds to <canvas> element that has a 3D (WebGL) context
 Corresponds to a <video> element

Accelerated CSS3 with AC

• CSS3 3D transforms
• CSS3 Transitions
• CSS3 Animations

• HTML5 Video

Webkit-Clutter

• A WebKit port based on Clutter
• The same APIs as WebKitGTK+
• Allows clutter applications to embed a webview

Why Webkit-Clutter

• Embedding applications can animate webviews
• It allows a web page to scroll faster and animations to run
smoothly with GPU acceleration

Accelerating Compositing in WebKit-Clutter

How to implement AC using Clutter

CSS3 3D Transforms : ClutterActor, ClutterStage, Cogl
CSS3 Transitions: ClutterState
CSS3 Animations: ClutterAnimator

Demo

• http://www.webkit.org/blog-files/3d-transforms/morphing-
cubes.html
• http://www.webkit.org/blog-files/3d-transforms/poster-
circle.html
• http://www.paulrhayes.com/experiments/cube/multiCubes.ht
ml

Where do I get it?

https://gitorious.org/webkit-clutter

Accelerated Compositing Branch
https://gitorious.org/webkit-clutter/webkit-clutter/commits/ac2

Build instructions here:

http://trac.webkit.org/wiki/clutter

Hacking Accelerated Compositing in
WebKit
• ~/git/WebKit/Source/WebCore/platform/graphics
o ca
o chromium
o clutter
o efl
o qt
o textmap

Etc

• Use OpenCL to HW accelerate SVG and CSS Filters

References
• Rendering in WebKit, http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=RVnARGhhs9w
• The Architecture of Full Hardware Acceleration of All Web
Page
Content, http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2010/09/10/the-
architecture-of-full-hardware-acceleration-of-all-web-page-
content.aspx
• http://www.webkit.org/blog/386/3d-transforms/
• https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/dev/developers/des
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Artificial Intelligence is providing benefits in many areas of work within the heritage sector, from image analysis, to ideas generation, and new research tools. However, it is more critical than ever for people, with analogue intelligence, to ensure the integrity and ethical use of AI. Including real people can improve the use of AI by identifying potential biases, cross-checking results, refining workflows, and providing contextual relevance to AI-driven results. News about the impact of AI often paints a rosy picture. In practice, there are many potential pitfalls. This presentation discusses these issues and looks at the role of analogue intelligence and analogue interfaces in providing the best results to our audiences. How do we deal with factually incorrect results? How do we get content generated that better reflects the diversity of our communities? What roles are there for physical, in-person experiences in the digital world?

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Dev Dives: Automate and orchestrate your processes with UiPath MaestroUiPathCommunity

This session is designed to equip developers with the skills needed to build mission-critical, end-to-end processes that seamlessly orchestrate agents, people, and robots. 📕 Here's what you can expect: - Modeling: Build end-to-end processes using BPMN. - Implementing: Integrate agentic tasks, RPA, APIs, and advanced decisioning into processes. - Operating: Control process instances with rewind, replay, pause, and stop functions. - Monitoring: Use dashboards and embedded analytics for real-time insights into process instances. This webinar is a must-attend for developers looking to enhance their agentic automation skills and orchestrate robust, mission-critical processes. 👨‍🏫 Speaker: Andrei Vintila, Principal Product Manager @UiPath This session streamed live on April 29, 2025, 16:00 CET. Check out all our upcoming Dev Dives sessions at https://community.uipath.com/dev-dives-automation-developer-2025/.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in BusinessDr. Tathagat Varma

How Can I use the AI Hype in my Business Context?Daniel Lehner

𝙄𝙨 𝘼𝙄 𝙟𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙝𝙮𝙥𝙚? 𝙊𝙧 𝙞𝙨 𝙞𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙜𝙖𝙢𝙚 𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙧 𝙮𝙤𝙪𝙧 𝙗𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙣𝙚𝙚𝙙𝙨? Everyone’s talking about AI but is anyone really using it to create real value? Most companies want to leverage AI. Few know 𝗵𝗼𝘄. ✅ What exactly should you ask to find real AI opportunities? ✅ Which AI techniques actually fit your business? ✅ Is your data even ready for AI? If you’re not sure, you’re not alone. This is a condensed version of the slides I presented at a Linkedin webinar for Tecnovy on 28.04.2025.

Enhancing ICU Intelligence: How Our Functional Testing Enabled a Healthcare I...Impelsys Inc.

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DevOpsDays Atlanta 2025 - Building 10x Development Organizations.pptxJustin Reock

Building 10x Organizations with Modern Productivity Metrics 10x developers may be a myth, but 10x organizations are very real, as proven by the influential study performed in the 1980s, ‘The Coding War Games.’ Right now, here in early 2025, we seem to be experiencing YAPP (Yet Another Productivity Philosophy), and that philosophy is converging on developer experience. It seems that with every new method we invent for the delivery of products, whether physical or virtual, we reinvent productivity philosophies to go alongside them. But which of these approaches actually work? DORA? SPACE? DevEx? What should we invest in and create urgency behind today, so that we don’t find ourselves having the same discussion again in a decade?

Noah Loul Shares 5 Steps to Implement AI Agents for Maximum Business Efficien...Noah Loul

Artificial intelligence is changing how businesses operate. Companies are using AI agents to automate tasks, reduce time spent on repetitive work, and focus more on high-value activities. Noah Loul, an AI strategist and entrepreneur, has helped dozens of companies streamline their operations using smart automation. He believes AI agents aren't just tools—they're workers that take on repeatable tasks so your human team can focus on what matters. If you want to reduce time waste and increase output, AI agents are the next move.

Linux Support for SMARC: How Toradex Empowers Embedded DevelopersToradex

Toradex brings robust Linux support to SMARC (Smart Mobility Architecture), ensuring high performance and long-term reliability for embedded applications. Here’s how: • Optimized Torizon OS & Yocto Support – Toradex provides Torizon OS, a Debian-based easy-to-use platform, and Yocto BSPs for customized Linux images on SMARC modules. • Seamless Integration with i.MX 8M Plus and i.MX 95 – Toradex SMARC solutions leverage NXP’s i.MX 8 M Plus and i.MX 95 SoCs, delivering power efficiency and AI-ready performance. • Secure and Reliable – With Secure Boot, over-the-air (OTA) updates, and LTS kernel support, Toradex ensures industrial-grade security and longevity. • Containerized Workflows for AI & IoT – Support for Docker, ROS, and real-time Linux enables scalable AI, ML, and IoT applications. • Strong Ecosystem & Developer Support – Toradex offers comprehensive documentation, developer tools, and dedicated support, accelerating time-to-market. With Toradex’s Linux support for SMARC, developers get a scalable, secure, and high-performance solution for industrial, medical, and AI-driven applications. Do you have a specific project or application in mind where you're considering SMARC? We can help with Free Compatibility Check and help you with quick time-to-market For more information: https://www.toradex.com/computer-on-modules/smarc-arm-family

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TrustArc Webinar: Consumer Expectations vs Corporate Realities on Data Broker...TrustArc

Most consumers believe they’re making informed decisions about their personal data—adjusting privacy settings, blocking trackers, and opting out where they can. However, our new research reveals that while awareness is high, taking meaningful action is still lacking. On the corporate side, many organizations report strong policies for managing third-party data and consumer consent yet fall short when it comes to consistency, accountability and transparency. This session will explore the research findings from TrustArc’s Privacy Pulse Survey, examining consumer attitudes toward personal data collection and practical suggestions for corporate practices around purchasing third-party data. Attendees will learn: - Consumer awareness around data brokers and what consumers are doing to limit data collection - How businesses assess third-party vendors and their consent management operations - Where business preparedness needs improvement - What these trends mean for the future of privacy governance and public trust This discussion is essential for privacy, risk, and compliance professionals who want to ground their strategies in current data and prepare for what’s next in the privacy landscape.

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TrsLabs - Fintech Product & Business ConsultingTrs Labs

Hybrid Growth Mandate Model with TrsLabs Strategic Investments, Inorganic Growth, Business Model Pivoting are critical activities that business don't do/change everyday. In cases like this, it may benefit your business to choose a temporary external consultant. An unbiased plan driven by clearcut deliverables, market dynamics and without the influence of your internal office equations empower business leaders to make right choices. Getting things done within a budget within a timeframe is key to Growing Business - No matter whether you are a start-up or a big company Talk to us & Unlock the competitive advantage

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Technology Trends in 2025: AI and Big Data AnalyticsInData Labs

At InData Labs, we have been keeping an ear to the ground, looking out for AI-enabled digital transformation trends coming our way in 2025. Our report will provide a look into the technology landscape of the future, including: -Artificial Intelligence Market Overview -Strategies for AI Adoption in 2025 -Anticipated drivers of AI adoption and transformative technologies -Benefits of AI and Big data for your business -Tips on how to prepare your business for innovation -AI and data privacy: Strategies for securing data privacy in AI models, etc. Download your free copy nowand implement the key findings to improve your business.

UiPath Community Berlin: Orchestrator API, Swagger, and Test Manager APIUiPathCommunity

Join this UiPath Community Berlin meetup to explore the Orchestrator API, Swagger interface, and the Test Manager API. Learn how to leverage these tools to streamline automation, enhance testing, and integrate more efficiently with UiPath. Perfect for developers, testers, and automation enthusiasts! 📕 Agenda Welcome & Introductions Orchestrator API Overview Exploring the Swagger Interface Test Manager API Highlights Streamlining Automation & Testing with APIs (Demo) Q&A and Open Discussion Perfect for developers, testers, and automation enthusiasts! 👉 Join our UiPath Community Berlin chapter: https://community.uipath.com/berlin/ This session streamed live on April 29, 2025, 18:00 CET. Check out all our upcoming UiPath Community sessions at https://community.uipath.com/events/.