Hdfs ha using journal nodes

Jul 26, 2013Download as PPTX, PDF17 likes9,977 views

This document discusses HDFS high availability using Journal Nodes. It describes how Journal Nodes provide a write ahead log to synchronize data between an active and standby NameNode. The architecture involves Journal Nodes durably logging metadata operations to tolerate NameNode failures. An automatic failover process uses ZooKeeper for elections to transition the standby NameNode to an active state when the active NameNode fails.

Introducing Journal Nodes
Manual
Failover
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Architecture
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JN
1
JN
2
JN
3
NN
Active
NN
Standby
DN DNDNDN
Block locations map

• When any namespace modification is performed
it durably logs a record of the modification to JNs
• The Standby reads the edits from the JNs and applies
them to its own namespace
JournalNodes’ job
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JN
1
JN
2
JN
3
NN
Active
NN
Standby
Edits Edits Edits
Edits Edits EditsEdits Edits Edits
Safe
Mode

• Specify path on local disk
• tolerate at most (N - 1) / 2 failures
JournalNodes’ storage
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• JournalNodes will only allow a single NameNode to be a
writer at a time.
• no potential for corrupting the file system metadata from
a split-brain scenario.
JournalNodes’ fencing
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JN
1
JN
2
JN
3
NN
Active
NN
Standby
WRITE READ

• Whenever a NameNode becomes active, it first
generate an epoch number.
• first active NameNode after the namespace is initialized
starts with epoch number 1
• any failovers or restarts result in an increment of the
epoch number
JournalNodes’ fencing
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• When a new NameNode becomes active, it has an
epoch number higher than any previous NameNode
• Call JournalNodes to increment their promised epochs
• Fencing:
– JNs receive newer epoch
 update majority of JNs’ promised epochs  accept
– JNs receive older epoch
 reject
JournalNodes’ fencing
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• previous Active NameNode could serve read requests
to clients which may be out of date until a write access
performed
• You can specify some fencing method to avoid this
happened
But…
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

Fencing
Method
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• sshfence
SSH to the Active NameNode and kill the process
Fencing Method
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• shell
run a shell command to fence the Active NameNode
• The script may have properties with the '_' character
replacing any '.'
ex : dfs_namenode_rpc-address
Fencing Method
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• Additional environment variable
Fencing Method
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

Automatic
Failover
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.
JN
1
JN
2
JN
3

• Health monitoring
– the ZKFC pings its local NameNode on a periodic basis with a
health-check command. (healthy/unhealthy)
• ZooKeeper session management
– when the local NameNode is healthy, the ZKFC holds a session
open in ZooKeeper.
– If the local NameNode is active, it also holds a special "lock"
znode.
– if the session expires, the lock node will be automatically
deleted.
ZKFailoverController
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• ZooKeeper-based election
– if the local NameNode is healthy, and no other node currently
holds the lock znode, it will itself try to acquire the lock.
– If it succeeds, then it has "won the election“
• Failover
– the previous active is fenced
– local NameNode transitions to active state.
ZKFailoverController
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.
JN
1
JN
2
JN
3
NN
Active
1
2
3
4
5 6
7

Client
Side
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• Client connect to Active Namenode via proxy
• When Active Namenode down, client receive Exception
 retry and send RPC to another namenode
(implement by ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider)
Client Failover
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

Steps to Apply
HDFS HA
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• If setting up a fresh HDFS cluster,
hdfs namenode –format
• copy over the contents of your NameNode metadata
directories to the other
hdfs namenode –bootstrapStandby
./format-failover-namenode.sh
• hdfs –initializeSharedEdits to initialize edits log in
journalnode
• Startup both Namenode
converting a non-HA-enabled cluster
to be HA-enabled
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

• http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/current/hadoop-
yarn/hadoop-yarn-
site/HDFSHighAvailabilityWithQJM.html#Deployment
• http://blog.cloudera.com/blog/2012/10/quorum-based-
journaling-in-cdh4-1/
• https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/attachment/125475
98/qjournal-design.pdf
Reference
7/26/2013 Copyright 2013 Trend Micro Inc.

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Leveraging docker for hadoop build automation and big data stack provisioningEvans Ye

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How bigtop leveraged docker for build automation and one click hadoop provis...Evans Ye

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