HEALTH EDUCATION
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This document defines health education and outlines its aims, approaches, content areas, principles, and educational aids. Health education is defined as informing, motivating, and helping people adopt healthy lifestyles and advocate for environmental changes to facilitate well-being. Its aims are to inform the public on hygiene, prevent disease, create health knowledge, and facilitate medical measures. Approaches include legal/regulatory, administrative/service, and educational methods. Educational approaches use motivation, communication, and decision making to create long-lasting change. Content areas covered include human biology, nutrition, hygiene, disease prevention, and health services. Principles emphasize interest, participation, reinforcement, and community leadership. A variety of audiovisual aids are used
![DEFINITIONS
• The National Conference on Preventive Medicine
[USA]
Health education is a process which
informs, motivate and helps people to
adopt and maintain healthy practices and
life styles; advocates environmental
changes as needed to facilitate this goal
and conducts professional training and
research to the same end.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/22-201204071001/85/HEALTH-EDUCATION-3-320.jpg)
HEALTH EDUCATION
- 1. HEALTH EDUCATION Dr. A. Telma Priya Physical Director Thiagarajar College of Preceptors
- 2. INTRODUCTION The practice of instructing people and communities in the principles of hygiene and in ways of avoiding disease is a very ancient one. An elementary study of the history of medicine reveals that since time immemorial it has been considered a necessity to instruct communities in health matters for their protection and survival.
- 3. DEFINITIONS • The National Conference on Preventive Medicine [USA] Health education is a process which informs, motivate and helps people to adopt and maintain healthy practices and life styles; advocates environmental changes as needed to facilitate this goal and conducts professional training and research to the same end.
- 4. WHO Definition Health Education, like general education, is concerned with changes in knowledge, feelings and behaviour of people. In its most usual forms, it concentrates on developing such health practices as are believed to bring about the best possible state of well being.
- 5. AIMS OF HEALTH EDUCATION • To inform the general public of the principles of physical and mental hygiene and methods of preventing avoidable diseases. • To create an informed body of opinion and knowledge. (social workers, teachers) • To give the public accurate information of medical discoveries. • To facilitate the acceptance and proper usage of medical measures.
- 6. METHODS OF APPROACHES IN HEALTH EDUCATION 1. Legal or Regulatory Approach 2. Administrative or Service Approach 3. Educational Approach
- 7. Legal or Regulatory Approach • Makes use of the law to protect the health of the public. • Eg : Epidemic Diseases Act , Pollution prevention Act • Limitations : 1. Applicable only at certain times or limited situations. 2. They may not alter the behaviour of the individual.
- 8. Educational Approach Components 1. Motivation 2. Communication 3. Decision making •Results slow , but permanent and enduring. •Suffient time for an individual to bring about changes • Learning new facts as well as unlearning wrong information as well.
- 9. CONTENTS OF HEALTH EDUCATION 1. Human Biology 2. Nutrition 3. Hygiene 4. Family Health Care 5. Control of Communicable and Non- Communicable Diseases 6. Mental health 7. Prevention of Accidents 8. Use of Health Services
- 10. Human Biology • Human biology is an interdisciplinary area of study that examines humans through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields such as genetics, evolution, physiology, anatomy, epidemiology, anthropology, ecology, nutrition, population genetics, and sociocultural influences.
- 11. Nutrition • For prevention of malnutrition • Taught nutrient value of food stuffs • Method of preparation , storage • Help people to choose balanced diet
- 12. Vitamins
- 15. Family Health Care • Strengthen and improve the health of the family as a unit rather than as an individual. • Maternal and child health care, family planning, immunization, nutrition, etc. • Health Insurance
- 16. Control of Communicable and Non- Communicable diseases Provide elementary knowledge about the nature of the diseases and methods of preventing them.
- 19. Mental Health • Depression, neurosis, mental anxiety and emotional disturbances • Basic knowledge of common psychological ailments, methods of prevention and treatment.
- 20. Use of Health services • People should be informed about various health services and preventive programmes available to them.
- 21. PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH EDUCATION • INTEREST • PARTICIPATION • COMPREHENSION • MOTIVATION • REINFORCEMENT • KNOWN TO UNKNOWN • LEARNING BY DOING • SOIL, SEED & SOWER • COMMUNITY LEADERS • GOOD HEALTH RELATIONS
- 22. Interest • Topic of interest • Identify the ”felt needs” of the people • Then prepare a programme
- 23. Participation • Educator should encourage people to participate in health education programmes • Group discussions, panel discussions, etc provide oppurtunities for people’s participation • Leads to acceptance
- 24. Known to Unknown • Start with what the people already know and then give the new knowledge • Existing knowledge as people as the basic step
- 25. Reinforcement • Also called as “booster dose” • Refers to repetition needed • When not possible for people to learn new things in short time
- 26. Good Human Relations • Health educator should have good personal qualities • Should be able to maintain friendly relations with people • Should have a kind and sympathetic attitude
- 27. Community leaders • Leaders can be used to reach people of the community and to convince them about the need for health education.
- 28. EDUCATIONAL AIDS USED IN HEALTH EDUCATION 1. Audio aids 2. Visual aids 3. Combination of Audio-Visual aids
- 29. HEALTH EDUCATION FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC • Mass communication literally means communication that is given to a community where the people gathered together does not belong to one particular group. • Advantages large no. of people can be reached people of all socio-economic status irrespective of their caste, creed and religion • Medias televisions, radios, posters, news papers, etc
- 30. ESSENTIALS OF HEALTH EDUCATON TO THE PUBLIC 1. Accuracy and Truth 2. Presentation must be simple 3. Health education should be factual 4. Principles of health should be taught
- 31. CONCLUSION In a field such as health, it is natural that “helping people to help themselves” should be as important as direct service. Thank You