This document discusses high performance computing (HPC) on Microsoft Azure. It begins with an overview of the HPC opportunity in the cloud, highlighting how the cloud provides elasticity and scale to accommodate variable computing demands. It then outlines Azure's value proposition for HPC, including its productive, trusted and hybrid capabilities. The document reviews the various HPC resources available on Azure like VMs, GPUs, and Cray supercomputers. It also discusses solutions for HPC like Azure Batch, Azure Machine Learning Compute, Azure CycleCloud and Avere vFXT. Example industry use cases are provided for automotive, financial services, manufacturing, media/entertainment and oil/gas. The summary reiterates that Azure is uniquely positioned