High-level architecture of Mobile Cellular Networks from 2G to 5G
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The document outlines the evolution of mobile network architectures from 2G to 5G. It describes the key components of 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks. The 2G network included a BSC, BTS, MSC and MS. 2.5G added GPRS capability with an SGSN and GGSN. 3G introduced UMTS with an RNC. 4G networks used LTE with an EPC including MME, S-GW and P-GW. 5G phase 1 used an eNodeB and 5G NR radio. 5G phase 2 added an NGCN core network, while phase 3 removed the EPC.
High-level architecture of Mobile Cellular Networks from 2G to 5G
- 1. High-level architecture from 2G to 5G @3g4gUK
- 2. The ‘2G’ GSM Network Architecture ©3G4G BSC BTS MSC Voice (PSTN) Network MS BSS MSC = Mobile Switching Centre BSS = Base Station Subsystem BSC = Base Station Controller BTS = Base Transceiver Station MS = Mobile Station Access Network Core Network Air Interface 2G
- 3. The ‘2.5G’ GPRS Enhancement ©3G4G BSC BTS MSC Voice (PSTN) Network SGSN Data (IP) Network GGSN Access Network Core Network Air Interface MS BSS 2G 2.5G GPRS = General Packet Radio Service SGSN = Serving GPRS Support Node GGSN = Gateway GPRS Support Node
- 4. The ‘3G’ UMTS Network Architecture ©3G4G BSC BTS MSC Voice (PSTN) Network SGSN Data (IP) Network RNC Node B GGSN Access Network Core Network Air Interface MSUE BSSRNS 2G 2.5G 3G UMTS = Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service RNC = Radio Network Controller RNS = Radio Network Subsystem UE = User Equipment
- 5. The ‘4G’ LTE Network Architecture ©3G4G BSC BTS MSC Voice (PSTN) Network SGSN Data (IP) Network RNC Node BeNodeB MME GGSN Access Network Core Network Air Interface MSUEUE BSSRNS S-GW P-GW 2G 2.5G 3G 4G EPC = Evolved Packet Core MME = Mobility Management Entity S-GW = Serving Gateway P-GW = PDN Gateway PDN = Packet Data Network eNodeB = evolved NodeB EPC
- 6. The ‘4G’ LTE Network Architecture ©3G4G Data (IP) Network eNodeB MME Access Network Core Network Air Interface UE S-GW P-GW EPC = Evolved Packet Core MME = Mobility Management Entity S-GW = Serving Gateway P-GW = PDN Gateway PDN = Packet Data Network eNodeB = evolved NodeB EPC 4G
- 7. The ‘5G’ Phase 1 Network Architecture ©3G4G Data (IP) Network eNodeB MME Access Network Core Network Air Interface UE S-GW P-GW gNodeB = next generation NodeB NR = New Radio EPC 4G gNodeB UE 5G 5G NR
- 8. The ‘5G’ Phase 2 Network Architecture ©3G4G Data (IP) Network eNodeB MME Access Network Core Network Air Interface UE S-GW P-GW NGCN = Next Generation Core Network gNodeB = next generation NodeB NR = New Radio EPC 4G gNodeB UE NGCN 5G 5G NR
- 9. The ‘5G’ Phase 3 Network Architecture ©3G4G Data (IP) Network eNodeB Access Network Core Network Air Interface UE NGCN = Next Generation Core Network gNodeB = next generation NodeB NR = New Radio 4G gNodeB UE NGCN 5G 5G NR
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