How Ansible Makes Automation Easy
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- Ansible is an automation tool that allows users to automate installation, configuration, deployment and provisioning tasks. It uses YAML files called playbooks to execute tasks in order. - Playbooks can automate a wide range of tasks including installing and configuring services, deploying code, provisioning infrastructure, and creating machine images. - Ansible makes automation easy through features like easy to read playbooks, thousands of reusable modules, extensive documentation, and flexibility to run against different operating systems and environments.
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How Ansible Makes Automation Easy
- 1. @pas256 @Answers4AWS How Ansible Makes Automation Easy Gluecon: May 2014 ! ! Peter Sankauskas Founder, Answers for AWS
- 2. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Engineer • Founder of Answers for AWS • Wrote the EC2 inventory plugin for Ansible • Run the Advanced AWS meetup in SF • Won a NetflixOSS Cloud Prize for my Ansible playbooks About Me
- 3. @pas256 @Answers4AWS ! ! Beautiful, flexible shell scripts What is Ansible?
- 4. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Installation and configuration of services • Code deployment • Provisioning • Image creation What can you automate?
- 5. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Easy to read, write and share playbooks • Thousands of modules * • Great documentation • Support Why is it easy? * 2015 projection
- 7. @pas256 @Answers4AWS ! ! ! - name: Install Apache web server apt: pkg=apache2 state=latest What does this do?
- 8. @pas256 @Answers4AWS ! ! ! - name: Install Apache web server apt: pkg=apache2 state=latest What does this do? Documentation Arguments Module
- 9. @pas256 @Answers4AWS - name: Install Apache web server with PHP apt: pkg={{ item }} state=latest with_items: - apache2 - php5 - libapache2-mod-php5 - php-apc !
- 10. @pas256 @Answers4AWS - name: Install Apache web server with PHP (apt version) apt: pkg={{ item }} state=latest with_items: - apache2 - php5 - libapache2-mod-php5 - php-apc when: ansible_distribution == ‘Ubuntu'" ! ! - name: Install Apache web server with PHP (yum version) yum: pkg={{ item }} state=latest with_items: - httpd24 - php55 - php55-pecl-apc when: ansible_distribution == 'Amazon'
- 11. @pas256 @Answers4AWS - name: Copy website configuration copy: src=site.conf dest=/etc/apache2/sites-available/site.conf owner=root group=root mode=0755 notify: restart apache tags: config A little more complex
- 12. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Contains one or more “plays” • Written in YAML • Declare configuration • YAML is not code • Executed in the order it is written • No dependency graph Playbooks
- 13. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • apt/yum/pip • Add/Remove packages • command/shell • Execute any shell command (with or without environment) • copy • Copy a file from source to destination on host • file • Create directories, symlinks, change permissions • service • Start/Stop/Enable services • template • Same as copy, but with variable substitutions in file Modules
- 16. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Reuse a set of tasks, files, variables and templates • Ansible Galaxy for being social • Web • Database • System • more… Roles
- 18. @pas256 @Answers4AWS ✓ Installation and configuration of services • Code deployment • Provisioning • Image creation What can you automate?
- 19. @pas256 @Answers4AWS - name: Get code from GitHub for branch {{ branch }} git: [email protected]:company/website.git dest=/var/www/website version={{ branch }} accept_hostkey=yes" " - name: Copy database.yml from S3 to rails s3: bucket=company-devops object=database.yml dest=/var/www/website/config/database.yml mode=get" ! - name: Bundle install shell: chdir=/var/www/website bundle install --without development test" ! - name: Precompile assets with rake shell: chdir=/var/www/website RAILS_ENV={{ env }} bundle exec rake assets:precompile Code deployment
- 20. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Create security group • Launch instance • Create load balancer • Register instance with load balancer Provisioning
- 21. @pas256 @Answers4AWS Don’t do this
- 22. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Use CloudFormation • Dependency management • Delete for free • Ultimate combination • python + boto + troposphere Don’t do this on AWS
- 23. @pas256 @Answers4AWS - local_action: module: gce name: test-instance zone: us-central1-a machine_type: n1-standard-1 image: debian-7 Provisioning on GCE is fine
- 24. @pas256 @Answers4AWS ✓ Installation and configuration of services ✓ Code deployment ✓ Provisioning • Image creation What can you automate?
- 25. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Run in local mode • Do not start services • Use Ansible provisioner for • aminator • packer • Use Bakery4AWS (apply for beta access) Image creation
- 27. @pas256 @Answers4AWS Same playbook can: • Run on a single instance Flexible playbooks Ansible Playbook Laptop
- 28. @pas256 @Answers4AWS Same playbook can: • Run on a single instance • Run on multiple instances Flexible playbooks Ansible Playbook Laptop
- 29. @pas256 @Answers4AWS Same playbook can: • Run on a single instance • Run on multiple instances • Run against multiple OSes Flexible playbooks Ansible Playbook Laptop
- 30. @pas256 @Answers4AWS Same playbook can: • Run on a single instance • Run on multiple instances • Run against multiple OSes • Run in local mode to create image Flexible playbooks Ansible Playbook Laptop Packer/Aminator
- 31. @pas256 @Answers4AWS Four things to consider to write highly flexible playbooks • Header • Common variables • Services • Handlers How?
- 32. @pas256 @Answers4AWS --- - name: My Playbook hosts: all sudo: True roles: - role1 - role2 vars_files: - vars/common.yml - vars/{{ ansible_distribution }}.yml Playbook header
- 33. @pas256 @Answers4AWS --- ami_build: ami is defined and ami not_ami_build: ami is not defined or not ami Common Variables File
- 34. @pas256 @Answers4AWS - name: Enable Apache HTTP Web Server service service: name=httpd enabled=yes" ! - name: Starting Apache HTTP Web Server service service: name=httpd state=started when: not_ami_build" ! - name: Stopping Apache HTTP Web Server service service: name=httpd state=stopped when: ami_build Services
- 35. @pas256 @Answers4AWS --- - name: restart apache service: name=httpd state=restarted when: not_ami_build Handlers
- 36. @pas256 @Answers4AWS • Against Ubuntu web servers ansible-playbook myplaybook.yml -u ubuntu -l web" • Against Amazon Linux web servers ansible-playbook myplaybook.yml -u ec2-user -l web" • Build an AMI ansible-playbook myplaybook.yml -u ubuntu -e “ami=True” -c local -i “127.0.0.1,” Execution
- 37. @pas256 @Answers4AWS ! Questions? Play Stump the Presenter ! Slides available online: • http://bit.ly/gluecon-ansible Thank you