Дмитрий Попович "How to build a data warehouse?"
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To build a data warehouse, Tubular ingests raw data from multiple sources using Kafka and stores it permanently. The data is normalized using Spark - duplicates are removed, data is partitioned by time, and sources are joined. A metadata storage using Hive Metastore allows unified access to datasets discovered across various storage formats like Parquet and Avro. This centralized repository helps engineers, analysts and services access and analyze disparate data.
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Дмитрий Попович "How to build a data warehouse?"
- 1. How to build a data warehouse? Dmytro Popovych, SE @ Tubular
- 2. Theory vs practice Цитата #441422 Пока инженеры в белых халатах прикручивают красивый двигатель к идеальному крылу, бригада взлохмаченных придурков во главе с безумным авантюристом пролетает над ними на конструкции из микроавтобуса, забора и двух промышленных фенов, навстречу второму туру инвестиций. Красивые проекты не взлетают, потому что они не успевают взлететь.
- 3. Agenda • Problem statement: • Data Ingestion • Data Normalisation • Data Access • Our way to solve the problem :)
- 4. About us • Video intelligence for the cross-platform world • 30+ video platforms including YouTube, Facebook, Instagram • 7M creators • 3B videos • 2Tb of newly ingested data a day • 150Tb of data in the warehouse
- 5. What is a data warehouse? A central repository of data collected from disparate sources. ANALYST ENGINEER SERVICE DATA WAREHOUSE
- 6. Key features Ingestion Store raw data extracted from disparate data sources Normalisation Cleanup / combine raw data Access Help user to retrieve data
- 7. What problems does it solve in Tubular? • For engineers / analysts: • data discovery • prototyping / analyse • For services: • data exchange
- 9. Data Ingestion Problems • Real time data: • tweets, comments, shares, views • Periodical snapshots: • dump of real time data • results of the data analysis • databases from internal services (in some cases)
- 10. Real time data DATABUS / event log / message queue Powered by KAFKA Data serialised with AVRO Keeps all events for the last N days SERVICE #1 SERVICE #2 PERMANENT STORAGE ...
- 11. Why did we choose Kafka? • Stores streams of records in a fault-tolerant way • Designed to serve multiple consumers per topic • Allows to keep the last N days of records • Tested in very big companies Linkedin, Twitter, Uber, Airbnb...
- 12. • Strict schema definition • Safe schema evolution • Compact (binary serialisation format) • Cross-technology format (Java, Python, …) • Has some ecosystem around (Schema Registry, CLI consumers, …) • Hadoop-friendly Why did we choose Avro?
- 13. Periodical Snapshots DATABUS SERVICE #1 Powered by ELASTIC PERMANENT STORAGE SERVICE #2 Powered by CASSANDRA SERVICE #3 Powered by MYSQL ... DATA IMPORT TOOL Powered by S3 Data serialised with PARQUET Powered by SPARK
- 14. Why did we choose S3? • There is no need to support it • Compatible with Hadoop ecosystem • Relatively stable & cheap
- 15. Why did we choose Parquet? • Column-oriented format (perfect for analytics and partial reads) • Supports complex data structures • Compatible with Hadoop ecosystem
- 16. Why did we choose Spark? • Scalable data processing engine • Faster than Hadoop • Has connectors to all popular storages: JDBC, Elastic, Cassandra, Kafka • Has Python bindings • Built-in support of Parquet
- 18. Data Normalisation Problems • Cleanup duplicates • Partition by year / month / date / hour • Join various data sources
- 19. Normalisation of real time data (example) SERVICE #1 Powered by ELASTIC DATABUS UI PERMANENT STORAGE The service joins multiple data streams by sending partial updates to Elastic. Note! It isn’t the only way to implement a real time join, more generic solution could be implemented with Apache Samza.
- 20. Why did we choose Elastic? • Provides real time search and analytics • Has relatively cheap partial updates • Easy to scale
- 21. Normalisation of previously imported data DATA NORMALISATION TOOL PERMANENT STORAGE Powered by Spark Joins various datasets Removes duplicates Creates partitions by time range buckets
- 22. Why did we choose Spark? • Scalable data processing engine • Has built-in SQL api to transform data (perfect for joins and deduplication)
- 23. Data Access
- 24. Data Access Problems • Datasets discovery • Unified data access interface
- 25. Metadata Storage PERMANENT STORAGE Parquet # 1 Avro #1 CSV #1 Parquet # 2 ... METADATA STORAGE Table # 1 Table # 2 Table # 3 ... Powered by Hive Metastore
- 26. Why did we choose Hive Metastore? • Supported by Hadoop ecosystem • Simple (Thrift api on top of MySQL table) • Supported by Hue (UI to access metadata)
- 28. System Overview ANALYST, ENGINEER PERMANENT STORAGE DATABUS METADATA STORAGE IMPORT TOOL NORMALISATION TOOL WAREHOUSE SERVICES * Data flows for Metadata Storage are explained verbally, too many arrows...
- 29. Thanks! Questions? Check this out: https://github.com/Tubular/sparkly