ICS3211_lecture 11.pdf
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This document discusses two case studies about using adaptive user interfaces (UIs) to improve healthcare systems. The first case study describes an adaptive mobile interface for healthcare monitoring that can adjust over time based on a user's needs and abilities using machine learning. The second case study presents two scenarios where a patient and doctor interact with a smart device to view health data, including scenarios where authentication is required. The document also briefly outlines several applications of medical robots, including surgical robots, rehabilitation robots, and other uses of robotics in healthcare.
ICS3211_lecture 11.pdf
- 1. ICS3211 - Intelligent Interfaces II Combining design with technology for effective human- computer interaction Week 11 Department of AI, 2023 1
- 2. Case Studies I: UIs & Healthcare Week 11 overview: • A case study illustration: Mobile Interfaces & Healthcare • A case study illustration: Medical Robotics 2
- 3. Learning Outcomes At the end of this session you should be able to: • describe a number of case studies in which UIs are adapted to improve healthcare systems; • provide a critique of a healthcare system and propose improvements to the UI to make it more intelligent. 3
- 4. Case Study I: An adaptive UI in healthcare • As people age, they require more frequent demands on the healthcare system; • Multiagent systems plus advances in computer engineering can provide new technologies for more services in the healthcare; 4
- 5. Case Study I: An adaptive UI in healthcare • Increasing trend in healthcare monitoring with personal technology, a movement sometimes referred to as eHealth, and mHealth; • A problem exists when a user is unable to operate the interface to his or her technological device; • What if an interface could adapt over time, to meet the needs of a user? The theory behind such an interface requires a multi-agent system to use a machine learning technique that helps to build, test, and evaluate a policy for each user; 5
- 6. Case Study I: An adaptive UI in healthcare • What is an adaptive user interface? • Two types of models: error & user interface; • models describe the behaviour of users, which can be later extended into the adaptive interfaces; 6
- 7. Case Study I: An adaptive UI in healthcare • What model to adopt when the user is in poor environmental conditions and has a disability which prevents him from accessing a mobile interface? • Theory of reinforcement learning; • Models describe the behaviour of users, which can be later extended into the adaptive interfaces; • Body area sensor network 7
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- 12. Scenario 1 • A patient, Bob, spent the past 40 minutes walking around the building. He would like to view his pulse data for the past hour; • Bob must interface with the smart device; • Interaction requires launching an application interface to the system. Once open, Bob taps the view health data button to view health information. A dialog box will pop up and requiring Bob to select the type of health information he would like to view, in this case heart rate. 12
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- 14. Scenario 2 • A doctor, Alice, cares for several patients suffering from heart complications. She would like to view the pulse rates of four of her patients, for the past 24 hours; • Alice interfaces with the system via the smart device; • This interaction requires launching an application on the device. Next, before performing any operations with other users, Alice must prove her identity by authenticating with credentials known only to her. 14
- 15. • Once successfully authenticated, Alice requests to view health data by tapping on the view health data button. • A dialog box appears asking Alice the type of health information to view, she will specify heart rate. • Another dialog box appears prompting Alice to input the names of patients for whom to the data should be gathered. • Finally, the last dialog box appears asking for a time range for the requested data. 15
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- 17. Medical Robots • Medical nanotechnology is expected to employ nanorobots that will be injected into the patient to perform work at a cellular level; • Dermables, digital stickers for the skin open a vast range of possibilities. Netatmo’s JUNE bracelet adds some class to UV monitoring and UVSunSense make monitoring sun exposure fun. 17
- 18. • Direct patient care robots: surgical robots (used for performing clinical procedures), exoskeletons (for bionic extensions of self like the Ekso suit), and prosthetics (replacing lost limbs). • Indirect patient care robots: pharmacy robots (streamlining automation, autonomous robots for inventory control reducing labor costs), delivery robots (providing medical goods throughout a hospital autonomously), and disinfection robots (interacting with people with known infectious diseases such as healthcare-associated infections or HAIs). • Home healthcare robots: robotic telepresence solutions (addressing the ageing population with robotic assistance). 18
- 19. Surgical Robots • Soft robotic arms; • Next generation 3DHD visualization and surface reconstruction; • Micro-bots; 19
- 20. Rehabilitation Robots • Neuro-rehabilitation technology / neuro- robotics; • Virtual reality integrated with rehabilitation robots. 20
- 21. Discussion Exercise • Choose a reading from the list below and summarise the role of AI in the case scenario presented. 21