importance scope and bottle necks of floriculture industry in india
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1) Floriculture has potential for economic growth in India through exports and domestic sales, but currently accounts for only 0.61% of the global floriculture sector. 2) Key opportunities for expansion include exporting flowers to international markets during their winter seasons as well as developing the domestic market in major cities. 3) However, bottlenecks like a lack of production and market data, high freight costs within India and to export markets, and insufficient research and development are currently limiting growth of the floriculture industry.
importance scope and bottle necks of floriculture industry in india
- 1. Banda university of agriculture& Technology Assignment on- Importance scope and bottle necks for floriculture industry in India submitted by - Arvind yadav, ID-721 Om prakash singh,ID- 722 Submitted to - Dr. KS Tomar Dr. Rakesh kumar
- 2. Floriculture Floriculture can be defined as“a specialized branch of horticulture which deals not only with the cultivation of flowers, foliage, climbers, trees, shrubs, cacti, succulents, etc., but also with their marketing and production of value- added products from them”
- 3. FLORICULTURE PRODUCTION STATUS-WORLD • Major flower producing country - NETHERLANDS(33%) • Country with largest area under greenhouse - NETHERLAND(30%) • Major cut flower producing country - NETHERLANDS(59%) • Major cut flower importing country-GERMANY(34%)
- 4. FLORICULTURE PRODUCION STATUS OF INDIA • INDIA share in global flori sector - 0.61% • Highest Flowers producing state – Tamilnadu (19%) - Karnataka(13%) -WEST BENGAL(12%) • Total area of flower & aromatic crop - 9,43,000 Ha. • Total production of flower and aromatic -32,77,000 Mt. • Productivity of flower & aromatic crop -3.48 MT/ Ha • Share of floriculture in horticulture -1.1%
- 5. IMPORTANCE OF FLORICULTURE IN INDIA Economic point of view • Floriculture is a fast emerging major venture in the world, especially as a potential money-spinner for many countries in world. • For example in markets such as Delhi and Mumbai and other metros a single spike of gladiolus and gerbera cut flower may sell up to Rs. 3-5 in kharif and Rs. 5-10/spike in Rabi/Summer. • Gestation period of flower crop is very less compared to other crops. • Modern-day floriculture refers to the production of high-value cut flowers such as rose, gladiolus, carnation, mums, orchids, tuberose, anthurium , lilium , gerbera etc,.
- 7. • The sale of loose flowers of Jasmine, Crossandra, Marigold, China Aster, Chrysanthemums, Berlaria and Gaillardia etc., are a roaring busyness in south India. • The present trend in floriculture is for making dry flowers, extraction of natural colours and essential oils. • There is lot of demand for good quality flower seeds and ornamental planting materials. • At present the global ornamental crop industry is worth about US$ 70 billion. • The global consumption of the flowers is about US$ 35 billion. • More than three lakhs hectare area is under flower
- 8. • Floriculture generates self employment opportunities round the year. The employment opportunities in the field are varied such as. • One can join the floriculture field as farm/estate managers, plantation experts, supervisors and project coordinators and so on. • Teaching, Research and Extension scientists/ teachers are some other avenues of employment in all SAUs and NARS. • Marketing of Floriculture products for different ventures is emerging as a potential segment of this field. Besides, one can also work as consultant, landscape architect etc with proper training. • One can also work as entrepreneur and offer employment to other • Floriculture also provides service career opportunities which include such jobs like floral designers, grounds keepers, landscape designers, architects and horticultural therapists.
- 9. Aesthetic point of view • To a Japanese flower arranger each flower expresses one or more meaning (eg. Ikebana ) • The wealth of any nation is linked with the health of its people. Unless we can ensure the healthy development of our citizens, especially for the younger generation, by providing them for open breathing places through bio-aesthetic planning like in Chandigarh city and landscape gardening, we cannot expect to buildup a healthy society and prosperous nation. • Horticultural therapy - is the new dimension of horticultural sciences to heal the psychic debility and the science is to use garden, landscape plants, parts of plants, growing activity as tools to work. • It is being utilized in psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals and physical rehabilitation centers, homes for elderly, prisons and schools.
- 11. Social point of view • Flowers symbolize the purity, beauty, peace, love, adoration, innocence and passion etc. Hence, many flowers are used to express the most sensitive, delicate and loving feelings eloquently what our words fail to express. • In our society no social function is complete without the use of flowers, floral ornaments, bouquets or flower arrangements they are invariably used in all social functions. • In the present modern era sicks are wished for speedy recovery by offering beautiful cut flowers, while the deads are bidden farewell with flowers along tear of sorrow • Flowers are very closely associated with mankind from the dawn of human civilization. There is increasing habit of „saying with flowers.‟ Any Indians born with flowers live with flowers and finally dies with flowers with tear of sorrow
- 13. SCOPE OF FLORICULTURE INDUSTRY IN INDIA • India is blessed with varied and dynamic agro-climatic condition, good quality soil and water made suitable for floriculture. • Geographically India is well located between two major markets i.e., Europe and East Asia. • Winter is being very mild and hence there is lot of scope to export Indian flowers to temperate countries during the winter season, when the demand is in peak because of important winter festivals like Christmas, New Year Day and Valentine ‟s’’ Day. • With the implementation of GATT agreement European nations has brought down the import duty on floricultural products, which at present is 15 %
- 15. • The Govt. of India has setup the infrastructure for floriculture industry in major cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Pune etc. • APEDA is giving financial assistance to some extent for various activities connected with export of floriculture products. Easy bank financing for hi-tech floriculture. • 100 per cent export oriented units (EOU‟s) are located in and around Hyderabad (Andra Pradesh), Bengaluru, Hosur, Doddaballapur, Devanahalli (Karnataka) in south and Gurgaun (Haryana) in north, Lonavala and Pune (Maharashtra) in West. • For 100 % EOU‟s the government has allowed to sale 50 per cent of produce in domestic markets. • 100 per cent tax exemption has given on implements / raw materials used in greenhouses. • The rules and regulations related to import and exports have been minimized
- 16. • Singapore is the nearest International standard flower auction centre, helpful for Indian exports. • Floriculture products posses 25-30 time more foreign exchange earning ability than cereals or any other agricultural/horticultural products. • Floriculture is capable of attracting and retaining large number of progressive farmers / entrepreneurs. • Due to ample sunlight and optimum temperature during winter, it does not require artificial lighting or heating for green house production of cut flowers. • APEDA and GOK have established four flower auction centers including one in Bengaluru, Noida (UP), Mumbai and New Delhi. • APEDA also has setup a marketing center at Aalsmeer (The Netherlands) to promote Indian produce
- 17. BOTTLE NECKS FOR FLORICULTURE INDUSTRY IN INDIA • Lack of specific information on area and production of different flowers which, is a handicap in planning production for domestic and export market. • Lack of information on advanced cultivation practices like high density planting, fertilizer and irrigation management • There is no direct cargo flight from Bengaluru and Pune which are main production centers, leads to double shipment which increases the cost besides more scope for spoilage.
- 18. • The freight rates in India are high which makes produce uncompetitive in the International markets. • There are no organized marketing co-operatives of other bodies which can take care of floriculture trade in India. Lack of research and development in floriculture. Especially on new varieties, postharvest techniques, advanced cultivation method, etc. • No detailed economic feasibility studies with reference to establishment, maintenance and cost of production in glass house conditions / protected cultivation. • Pot plants are produced in soil based container medium which is not allowed in most middle-east and European market .