Industrial Polluted Water and Crops

INDUSTRIAL POLLUTED WATER
AND CROPS
BY: ASMAT BABAR
WWW.ASMATBABAR.BLOGSPOT.COM

Introduction
 Water pollution is the contamination

of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans
and groundwater).
 Water pollution affects plants and organisms
living in these bodies of water. In almost all
cases the effect is damaging not only to
individual species and populations, but also
to the natural biological communities.

 Polluted water consists of Industrial

discharged effluents, sewage water, and the
rain water. The use of this type of water is a
common practice in agriculture. Estimation
indicates that more than fifty countries of the
world with an area of twenty million hectares
area are treated with polluted or partially
treated polluted water.

 With the rapid increase in population,

demand for irrigation, human and industrial
consumption of water has increased
tremendously, thereby causing rapid
depletion of freshwater resources. On the
other hand, increased urbanization and
industrialization is also generating
considerable amount of waste water.

 Water pollution is one of the major threats to

public health in Pakistan. Drinking water
quality is poorly managed and monitored.
Pakistan ranks at number 80 among 122
nations regarding drinking water quality.

Use of water resources in Pakistan
Agriculture: 93%
Industry: 5%
Public: 2%

Water Pollutions
 Polluted water is complex water resource with

both advantageous and also disadvantageous.
Generally the use of polluted water for
irrigation has an advantage of crop production
so benefits to farmers and the whole
community but also harmful for the people
and whole ecosystem of the concerned area.
 Farmers use polluted water to save their
expenses. E.g Malir river crops in karachi.

Causes of Water Pollution
 1) Industrial pollution
 2) Domestic and municipal pollution

 3) Agricultural pollution

1) Industrial pollution
 Industry is a huge source of

water pollution, it produces
pollutants that are extremely harmful to
people and the environment. Many
industrial facilities use freshwater to carry
away waste from the plant and into rivers,
lakes and oceans.
 A major cause of industrial water pollution
due to discharge of waste water containing
high pollutant concentrations.

 In Pakistan only 1% of water waste is treated by
industries before being discharges directly into

rivers and drains.
 In Karachi, Sindh industrial Trading Estate (SITE) ,
Korangi Industrial and Trading Estate (KITE), two
of the biggest industrial estate in Pakistan, there
is no effluent treatment plant and the waste
containing hazardous materials, heavy metals oil
etc is discharge into rivers.
 In Multan, a fertilizer factory discharge its waste
untreated to cultivation land causing death of live
stock and increasing health risk to human.

2) Domestic and municipal pollution
 Excretory products of municipal corporation

increase water becomes unsuitable for
drinking and other uses. Phosphate and
nitrate compounds are increase in water.
 The waste products of dairy farms and
poultry farms are also involved in water
pollution.
 It has been estimated that around 2,000
million gallons of sewage water is being
discharged to surface water bodies every day
in Pakistan (Pak-SCEA 2006)

 According to the Pakistan Environment
Protection Agency report, the household waste

generated in Pakistan by per capita is 0.283 kg to
0.613 kg/day and by per house is 1.896 kg to 4.29
kg/day. In big cities like Karachi the waste
contains 8.41 per paper, 8.11 per cent cardboard,
6.20 per cent plastic, 5.21 per cent glass, 4.08 per
cent & metal and 8.93 per cent textiles, together
they all contribute nearly 41 per cent of total
house hold waste.

3) Agricultural pollution
 Agricultural pollution refers to biotic and abiotic
byproducts of farming practices that result in
contamination or degradation of the
environment and surrounding ecosystems,
and/or cause injury to humans and their
economic interests.
 Nitrogen compounds are produced by the use of
nitrogen fertilizer and these compounds take part
in water pollution. Herbicides, germicides and
insecticides are widely used or spray on crops.
These compounds increase the water pollution.

 There are two types of resources of
agriculture water pollution.
 Abiotic sources

 Biotic sources

Abiotic sources.
 Pesticides
 Fertilizer

 Heavy Metals
 Land Management

Biotic sources
 Greenhouse gases from fecal waste
 Bio pesticides

 Introduced species
 Genetically modified organisms (GMO)
 Animal management

Classification of Water pollution:
 Inorganic water pollution
 Organic water pollution

Inorganic pollutants:





Pre production industrial raw material.
Heavy metals including acid mine drainage.
Chemical waste as industrial by products.
Acidity due industrial discharges like sulphur
dioxide.
 Fertilizer in runoff from agriculture including
nitrates and phosphate.
 The combustion of coal leads to the release of
mercury in the atmosphere. This enters the
rivers, lakes and underground.
 Arsenic Toxicity.

Organic water pollution
 Bacteria form sewage or livestock operation.
 Food processing waste, which can include oxygen





demand substance like fat.
Petroleum hydrocarbons like Diesel, Gasoline, Jet
fuel, Motor oil, Detergents.
Pesticides.
Ocean Pollution
Oil spills pollution. Sources of pollution offshore
wells, tankers, pipelines and storage tank.

Effect of Polluted water on
Plant/Crops
 Various detergents from domestic or

industrial use directly released or washed
down into the water bodies cause serious
effects of plants.

 Most of the detergents that are toxic, enter
the plants through roots or surface
absorption. Common effects of detergents on
plants are as follows.
 Retardation of plant growth, root elongation,
carbon dioxide fixation, photosynthesis,
cation uptake, pollen germination and growth
of pollen tubes.

 Destruction of the chlorophylls and cell
membranes.
 Alteration of the absorption maxima of

chlorophylls.

 Binding of membrane lipids and proteins.

 Denaturation of proteins and thus causing
enzyme inhibition in various metabolic
processes.

Solutions to the Pollution Problems
 The factory waste should be first filtered and

then disposed properly into sea or river. If this
is not done, then the government should take
legal action against them.
 Instead of using clean water, we can use the
filtered industrial water for flushing toilets,
watering the plants and washing the cars.

 The government should ask the local citizens

for proper beach cleaning once in a year.
Besides it should also fine those people who
throw their waste into the sea or river.
 There must be a regular cleaning of all the
canals and channels by the government
workers.
 The government should pass strict
environmental laws concerning oil spill

Conclusion
 Water pollution is bad and it’s not good for

irrigation to crops and people to drink that’s
polluted water and for all organisms that need
water to survive. There are millions of people
that don’t have good clean access to water
and that they even have to drink the bad
polluted water for them it survive, industries
can cause water pollution along with the toxic
chemicals as well as Agriculture & municipal
waste.

 We Should to take steps to stop water

pollution to save our water reservoirs from
water pollution. The factory waste should be
first filtered and then disposed properly into
sea or river. The government workers must be
a regular cleaning of all the canals and
channels. We must all cooperate with one
another to save our marine life as much as
possible.

Industrial Polluted Water and Crops

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