Introduction of Cloud Computing

Road Map
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Traditional Client Server Concept

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Virtual Server Concept

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Cloud Computing

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Virtulization

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Platform as a Service
–
–

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Windows Azure Platform Architecture
Analyzing Windows Azure Operating System

Cloud Application

Traditional Client Server Concept

Cloud Computing
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Computing is commoditized and delivered in a
manner similar to utilities such as water , electricity
etc.
It turns the vision of “computing utilities” into a
reality.
Users need to pay providers only when they
access the computing services.
In year 1969, Leonard Kleinrock one of the chief
scientists of the original ARPANET , said
–

As of now, computer networks are still in their infancy, but as they grow up and become
sophisticated we will probably see the spread of “computer utilities” which, like
present electric and telephone utilities, will service individual homes and offices across
the country.

Cloud Computing
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It allows renting infrastructure , runtime environment ,
and services on a pay-per-use basis.
It is an effective composition of several technologies
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Web 2.0 :●
●

–

Web-based access to all the functions that are normally found in
desktop applications.

Service Orientation Computing :●

–

brings interactivity and flexibility into web pages.

Service as a main building blocks of application and system
development.

Virtualization :●

Abstraction of some of the fundamental elements for computing
such as h/w , storage etc.

Define Cloud
●

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Cloud is used as an abstraction of
network/internet in system diagrams.
Cloud computing is an internet-centric way of
computing.
Internet is represent either the medium or the
platform through which cloud computing
services are delivered and made accessible.
Define by Armbrust
–

Cloud computing refers to both the application delivered as services
over the Internet and the hardware and system in the datacenters that
provide those services.

Define Cloud
●

Define by U.S National Institute of Standard and
Technology (NIST)
–

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[Cont..]

“Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, on-demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable computing
resources (eg. network , servers , storage , applications , and
services ) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with
minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”

Define by Buyya [utility-oriented nature]
–

“A cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a
collection of interconnected and virtualized computers that are
dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified
computing resources based on service-level agreements
established through negotiation between the service provider and
consumers.”

Case Study
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Large enterprises can offload some of their
activities to cloud-based systems
Small enterprises and start-ups can afford to
translate their ideas into business results more
quickly without excessive up-front costs.
System developers can concentrate on the
business logic rather than dealing with the
complexity of the infrastructure management
and scalability.
End user can have their documents accessible
from everywhere and any device.

Deploying & Accessing
Cloud Computing
●

Public Clouds –

Most common deployment models .

–

IT infrastructure established by a third-party service provider.

–

Available to any consumer on a subscription basis.

–

Users data and applications are deployed on cloud
datacenters on the vender's premises.

–

Examples:●

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

●

Google App Engine

●

any many more

Cloud Computing [Cont..]
●

Private Cloud –

Cloud exists within the boundaries of an organization.

–

Large organizations replicating the cloud IT service delivery
model in-house.

–

Cloud-based in-house solution is also driven by the need to keep
confidential information within an organization's premises.

–

Example :●

Banks

●

Governments

●

And many more

Cloud Computing [Cont..]
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Hybrid Cloud :–

Both public & private cloud computing
environment are present.

–

Private cloud resources are unable to meet user's
QoS requirements.

–

It partially composed of public cloud resources
and privately owned infrastructure.

Characteristics & Benefits
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Increased economical return due to the reduced maintenance
costs and operational costs related to IT s/w and
infrastructure.
Minimize capital cost, since they are often associated with
depreciable values.

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Maintenance costs are significantly reduced.

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Ease of scalability

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Data and the capability of operating on it always available,
from anywhere, at any time, and through multiple devices.
Service orientation and on-demand access create new
opportunities for composing systems and applications.

Core Technology
Influence Cloud Computing
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Distributed Systems

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Virtualization

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Web 2.0

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Service Orientation

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Utility computing

Distributed System
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It is collection of independent computers that
appears to its users as a single coherent system.
The primary purpose of distrituted systems is to share
resources and utilize them better.
Properties of Distributed System
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Heterogeneity

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Openness

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Scalability

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Transparency

–

Concurrency

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Continuous Availability

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Independent failure

Three Major Milestones
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Mainframes Computing – large computational
power by using multiple processors, which
were presented as a single entity to users.
Cluster Computing – interconnected
commodity machines to perform high
computational task.
Grid Computing – aggregation of
geographically dispersed clusters by means
of internet connection.

Virtualization
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It is a core technology for cloud computing.
Allowing abstraction of some of the fundamental elements for
computing :–
–

Storage

–

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Runtime Environment

–

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Hardware

Networking

It is an essential technology for creation of different
computing environment.
Environment is known as virtual as they simulate the interface
that is expected by a guest.

Virtualization
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Types of common virtualization
–
–

Storage

–
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Hardware
Network

Virtualization Technology Example
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Xen – It is an open-source initiative implementing a
virtualization platform based on paravirtualization.

–

KVM -

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VMware -

Cloud Computing Environment
●

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It is used by application development ,
Infrastructure and system development.
Application Development
–

–

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Dynamically scale on-demand. Ex. Web
Applications
Resource-intensive applications (data intensive &
compute-intensive) Ex. Scientific Applications

It provide solutions for on-demand and
dynamic scaling across the entire stack of
computing.

(Cont.)
●

Solutions can be achieved by :–

Methods for renting compute power, storage and
networking.

–

Envirnoment designed for scalability and dynamic
sizing.

–

Mimic the behavior of desktop applications.

(Cont.)
●

Infrastructure and system development
–

Capabilities to add and remove resources

–

It is often summarized as Everything-as-a-Service

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Incomplete

Introduction of Cloud Computing

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