Introduction.pptxhbhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
- 1. Elements of a novella Plot Characters Setting POV Conflict Themes
- 3. Types of characters in a story Protagonist Antagonist Deuteragonis t Confidant Foil Tertiary characters
- 4. Protagonist Central character All actions revolve around him Good guy Antagonist Antagonising role Conflict creator Challenges the protagonist Deuteragonist One of the main characters Constant companion Keeps aiding
- 5. Confidant Character confides in sidekick Provides support Foil character Opposite traits Challenges the protagonist Not the primary antagonist Tertiary characters Appear less in the story Less is written about them Serve a puropse in the story
- 7. 1.Exposition Beginning of the story (characters and setting are introduced)
- 8. 2. Rising Action Events in the story become complicated leading up to the climax
- 9. 3. Climax •Turning point of the story. It is the peak of the action or the major turning point of the story.
- 10. 4. Falling Action •Events (complications) start to fall into place leading to the final conclusion
- 11. 5. Resolution •Final outcome of events in the story.
- 12. Conflict Internal (Struggle within one's self) • Character vs. Self: Struggles with own soul, ideas, decisions, choices, etc. External (Struggle with a force outside one's self) • Character vs. Character (Struggles against other people) • Character vs. Nature (Struggles against animals, weather, environment, etc.) • Character vs. Society (Struggles against ideas, practices, or customs of others)
- 13. Setting • When did the story take place? Time • Where did the story take place? Place
- 14. POV • First person: - Story told by the protagonist. - The speaker uses the pronouns "I", "me", "we". - Readers experience the story through this person's eyes and only know what he knows and feels. • Second person: - Story told by a narrator who addresses the reader by using pronouns like "you", "your", and "yours". Ex: You wake up to discover that you have been robbed of all of your possessions. • Third person: The speaker uses pronouns like "he", "she", "it", or "they".
- 15. Third person Limited POV: • the view of the narrator is "limited". • Readers only know what the narrator knows. Omniscient- God-like POV: • The narrator knows and sees everything. • Has access to the thoughts and feelings of every single character. • narrator is an all-knowing that allows the reader to know everything about the story.
- 16. Theme • The theme is the main idea(s) or message(s) the writer is talking about. • All works of literature have themes. Some of them are universal such as friendship, loyalty, good vs. evil, sacrifice, love, life and death, justice, power, racism, corruption, etc. • Themes are in the main conveyed implicitly (indirectly).
- 17. •Analysis of Robinson Crusoe
- 18. Setting Time • From 1659 to 1694 • The mid to the late 17th Century • Age of Discovery • Peak of Slavery • Age Atlantic Trade Place • England • Morocco • Western African Coast • Brazil • Island of Depair (Trinidad)
- 19. Characters • Robinson Crusoe • Robinson Crusoe’s parents • Xury • Africans • Portuguese captain • Friday • Cannibals • English Captain • Planters
- 20. Major characters • Robinson Crusoe • Friday • Portuguese Captain • English Captain Minor characters • Parents • Xury • Africans • Planters • Cannibals Characters
- 21. Protagonist • Robinson Antagonist • Nature • Cannibals • Moroccan corsairs Characters
- 22. Conflict • Character vs. Character Crusoe vs. Parents Crusoe vs. Pirates Crusoe vs. Cannibals Character vs. Nature Crusoe vs. Indignated sea vs. Void island vs. Storms, hurricanes, earthquake Character vs. Himself (his soul) Crusoe vs. Regret Renewing his faith
- 24. 1.Exposition • Robinson Crusoe disobeys his father and goes out to sea instead of studying law. • He leaves home against his parents' advice/will. • He has fantasies of success over the seas.
- 25. 2. Rising Action 1. Moroccan pirates take Crusoe into slavery. 2. Crusoe escapes slavery and travels to Brazil. 3. Crusoe decides to go back to Africa to bring more human chattel
- 26. 3. Climax . Crusoe is shipwrecked alone on an island. . Crusoe lives alone for 23 years. . Crusoe struggles against hardship, loneliness, cannibals and loss of hope
- 27. 4. Falling Action • With the help of an English captain he leaves the island. • He returns to England only to know that he has made a fortune from his plantation in Brazil.
- 28. 5. Resolution • Crusoe embarks on another voyage to the New World. • Back again to the island
- 29. Themes • Individuality: • The novel celebrates the theme of individuality. • decision • difficulties • civilising the island
- 30. Isolation • Isolation is torturing but enriching • social point of view: teaches him the value of self-living and self- reliance, patience spiritual point of view: brings him close to God and Christianity
- 31. slavery • The novel chronicles Europeans involvement in slavery. • It reflects how the Europeans showed objection to being enslaved, but were keen to enslave other. • It makes hints at the Middle Passage.
- 32. Civilizing Mission • Spreading civilisation is a central point in the novel • The novel rejoices the centrality of the Europeans and their contribution in bringing the uncivlised to civilisation: • Wild island has become advanced • Domestication of wild animals • Cultivation of land • Pacifying cannibals • Teaching cannibal language and Christianity
- 33. Vacant Land • The novel perpetuates the idea of terra nullius to legitimise its appropriation
- 34. Religion • The notion of religiosity gains a critical space in the novel • It is the element that gave Crusoe power when he was powerless • It is an excuse that legitimised the enslavement of others • It is an excuse of colonialism
- 35. • Point Of View Crusoe is the narrator of the novel. He narrates in both the first and third person. The dominant point of view is the first person; thus, the reader knows only what the narrator wants him to know. As for the third person, it is the omniscient one. The narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of the characters.