Introduction to Cloud Computing 2021
Download as pptx, pdf0 likes176 views
The document provides an introduction to cloud computing. It begins with an overview of the course agenda and then defines cloud computing. It discusses the three main service models of cloud computing: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). The document then provides examples of each service model and their advantages. It also discusses public and private cloud models as well as cloud architecture, including load balancing, data centers, and virtualization. The document concludes with a discussion of the future of cloud computing including Kubernetes and containerization.
Introduction to Cloud Computing 2021
- 3. Course agenda • Introduction • Demo and comparison • Cloud architecture • Hands on AWS • Security & encryption • Hands on GCP • The future of the cloud
- 4. What is Cloud Computing ? 4
- 5. Definition 5 Wikipedia - Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user. The term is generally used to describe data centers available to many users over the Internet. Academic (simple) - provide on-demand resources or services over a network, often the Internet, with the scale and reliability of a data center. Mine – distributed mainframe, reachable from any device connected to the internet
- 6. Cloud computing is kind of hosting 6
- 7. Three layers of services 7 IaaS Infrastructure as a Service PaaS Platform as a Service SaaS Software as a Service 7
- 8. SaaS PaaS IaaS IaaS, PaaS and SaaS Point of View 8 Platform as a Service PRODUCT: storage, compute and other services to simplify application development, especially of web applications. USERS: Application Developers Software as a Service PRODUCT: Finished application available on demand to end user USERS: Software consumer Infrastructure as a Service PRODUCT: Compute power, storage and networking infrastructure over the internet, provided as a virtual machine image USERS: Developers 8
- 9. The “old way” Server(s) PC(s) / Laptop(s) Software Buy, Install, Maintain, Upgrade 9
- 10. The “new way” Server(s) PC(s) / Laptop(s) Software Buy, Install, Maintain, Upgrade 10
- 11. It’s not just above the line 11
- 12. Also (almost) all the rest X X X X 12
- 13. Outsourcing to the extreme 13
- 14. • No hardware or software to manage • Service delivered through a browser • Examples: • CRM • Financial Planning • Human Resources • Word processing • Commercial Services: • Salesforce.com • email SaaS - Software delivery model 14
- 15. SaaS examples 15
- 16. • Pay per use • Instant Scalability • Security • Availability/Reliability • Disaster recovery • APIs SaaS - Advantages 16 16
- 17. • Is Skype a SaaS ? • Is YouTube a SaaS SaaS Attention Test ;-) 17
- 18. • Estimating demand is not a science! • Platform management is not fun! • Examples: • Storage • Database • Scalability • Commercial Services: • GCP • Azure • AWS PaaS - Platform delivery model 18
- 19. PaaS examples 19
- 20. AWS pricing 20
- 21. 21
- 22. 22
- 24. • Pay per use • Instant Scalability • Security • Availability/Reliability • Disaster recovery • APIs PaaS - Advantages 24
- 25. PaaS Attention Test ;-) 25
- 26. • Access to infrastructure stack: • CPU, Memory • Baremetal • Firewalls • Routers • Load balancing • Commercial Services: • Flexiscale • AWS • RackSpace IaaS - infrastructure delivery model 26
- 27. • Pay per use • Instant Scalability • Security • Availability/Reliability • Disaster recovery • APIs IaaS - Advantages 27
- 28. IaaS vs. PaaS 28
- 29. Common Factors Advantages • Pay per use • Instant Scalability • Security • Reliability • APIs • Lower cost of ownership • Reduce infrastructure management responsibility • Allow for unexpected resource loads • Faster application rollout IaaS PaaS SaaS 29
- 30. 30
- 31. Public Cloud Cloud Ecosystem 31 Enterprise Private Cloud Private Cloud External Internal Virtual Private Cloud 31
- 32. AWS Outpost 32
- 33. 33
- 34. Risks Security Downtime Access Dependency Interoperability Regulation IaaS PaaS SaaS 34
- 35. The market 35
- 36. 36
- 37. 37
- 38. 38
- 39. 39
- 41. Cloud computing is kind of hosting 41
- 42. What is there in a Cloud? Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial Cloud provisioning Storage Provisioning OS Provisioning Network Provisioning Service(apps) Provisioning SLA(monitor), Security, Billing, Payment Services Storage Network OS Resources 42
- 43. What is Cloud OS ? Physical Node Physical Node Storage Server Storage Server Physical Node Physical Node Storage Server Storage Server Mail Virtual Cluster Compute Nodes Backup Virtual Cluster HC Virtual Cluster AppX Virtual Cluster Data Nodes Service Nodes System Service daemons Cloud OS agents • System Management Software layer – Physical Resource Provisioning – Virtual Resource Management • Improve manageability of massive Cloud Data Center • Enhance self-provisioning • Optimize physical resource utilization • High Availability for any single point of failure • Energy management – Highly Available Distributed Storage Management – Service Load Balancing – Security – High Speed Networking • What is it not? – It’s not Operating System – It’s not Virtualization Hypervisor 43
- 48. Azure Virtualization Architecture Azure Services (storage) Load Balancer Public Internet Worker Role(s) Front-end Web Role Switches Highly-available Fabric Controller In-band communication – software control Load-balancers 48
- 49. Azure Virtualization Architecture Hypervisor Guest Partition (VM) Host Partition (VM) Guest Partition (VM) Hardware Virtualization Stack (VSP) Drivers Host OS Server Core Applications Applications RD OS Virtualization Stack (VSC) Guest OS Server Enterprise Virtualization Stack (VSC) Guest OS Server Enterprise NIC Disk1 VMBUS VMBUS VMBUS Disk2 CPU Azure Services (storage) Load Balancer Public Internet Worker Role(s) Front-end Web Role 49
- 51. Amazon 1 51
- 52. 52
- 53. 53
- 54. OpenStack
- 55. • OpenStack APIs • Nova: Open Stack Compute automates provisioning of virtual machines • Cinder: Block storage system accessible by VMs • Neutron: OpenStack service for establishing connectivity between VMs • Swift: Large scale redundant object (i.e. VM) store • Glance: Image service that catalogs and manages (stores, retrieves, registers and delivers ) virtual machine images • Keystone: provides system-wide authentication • Ironic: Bare metal management • Horizon: Web-based dashboard access and management for users Open Stack – A Cloud Operating System 55
- 56. • Stack: Collection of resources • Virtual machines, networks, auto scaling rules • Template: Definition of resources that make up the Stack • Four sections • Resources – Objects that will be created - like a server • Properties – image, flavor • Parameters – Property values • Output – Information passed back to user or dashboard Open Stack – A Cloud Operating System Images CentOS XMS VNFc CentOS MRB VNFc CentOS Load Balancer VNFc Flavors 4 CPU 8GB RAM 50GB Disk 8 CPU 16GB RAM 50GB Disk 12 CPU 16GB RAM 50GB Disk Stacks Auto scaling policy Parameters Stack Heat Templates contain info to create stacks 56
- 57. 57
- 58. 58
- 59. 59
- 60. OpenStack map to AWS Horizon Dashboard Swift object store Glance image store Nova compute node Cinder volume service Keystone identity service Heat Orchestration Celiometer telemetry service Trove database Neutron networking S3 EC2 EBS vPC RDS AMI IAM Cloud Formation 60
- 62. AWS Hands On
- 63. 63
- 65. 65
- 67. • The good news • The cloud providers are better at security than we are (hey, it’s their specialty…) • The bad news • It’s a different ball game • With bigger threats Cloud and the “security problem” 67
- 68. Moving from “not so smart” to “the smarter” 8 68
- 70. 70
- 71. Identity and Access Management (IAM) 71
- 73. Key pair 73
- 74. GCP Hands On
- 75. 75
- 76. The migration path to a cloud 6
- 77. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted application that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Bild vs. Buy 77
- 78. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Bild vs. Buy Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted application that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Maximum Economy of Scale All acceptable options (trade off) Maximum Control 78
- 79. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted pplication that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Bild vs. Buy Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System Email Issue Tracking ERP “Too costly to run this myself, but I’ve made too many customizations” 79
- 80. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted pplication that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Bild vs. Buy Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System Email Issue Tracking ERP “CRM and Email are commodity services – They have no customizations, and it’s cheaper for someone else to run these” 80
- 81. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted pplication that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Bild vs. Buy Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System ERP Email Issue Tracking “I can’t afford to maintain this old HR application written in VB – it’s driving me mad!” “…but due to privacy issues, I prefer keeping my HR data on-premises” 81
- 82. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted pplication that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Bild vs. Buy Clinical Trial Molecule Research HR System ERP Email Issue Tracking “I wish I had access to cheaper compute and storage when I need it” 82
- 83. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted pplication that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Bild vs. Buy Clinical Trial HR System ERP Email Issue Tracking Molecule Research 83
- 84. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Self Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop and run myself Build Buy Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster Cloud Platform An application that I develop myself, but run in the cloud “Software as a Service” A hosted pplication that I buy from a vendor On premises vs. Cloud On premises Cloud Bild vs. Buy Clinical Trial HR System ERP Email Issue Tracking Molecule Research “THIS is where I want to spend my IT resources – I’m going to double down on this application!” 84
- 85. The future of the cloud
- 86. Kubernetes Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It groups containers that make up an application into logical units for easy management and discovery. Kubernetes builds upon 15 years of experience of running production workloads at Google, combined with best-of-breed ideas and practices from the community. 86 86
- 87. What is Kubernetes (aka K8s) • Greek for Pilot or “Helmsman” of a Ship • Project that was spun out of Google as an open source container orchestration platform • Planet Scale • Run Anywhere • On-Prem, Hybrid, Cloud 87 87
- 88. Kubernetes Features • Self Healing • Horizontal scaling • Service discovery and load balancing • Automatic bin packing • Automated rollouts and rollbacks • Secret and configuration management 88 88
- 89. K8s Cluster Master Master Master Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker • Master Nodes: • Cluster Management • API Server • Etcd (In-Mem DB) • Scheduler • Controller • Worker Nodes • aka Minions • Doing the job • Executing the Workload 89
- 90. Master Nodes • Controller Manager • Decides what needs to be executed • Scheduler • Decide where Pods need to be executed • etcd: • Distributed key/value store (In Mem DB) • Store the State of Cluster/Nodes/Pods • API Server • Provides internal and external interface to Kubernetes 90 90
- 91. Worker Nodes • Kubelet • Kubernetes Agent running on each node • Responsible to execute • Proxy • Network Proxy for cluster communication • Forwarding and Load Balancing • Container Runtime • Docker 91 91
- 93. 93
- 94. • 1 MicroService == 1 POD + 1 Deployment + 1 ReplicationSet + 1 Service (+ 1 Ingress) • Lifecycle Management of Applications is challenging Kubernetes Pain Point 94
- 95. • Package manager for K8s • like yum, apt, pip but for Kubernetes Application • Search and reuse or start from scratch • Lifecycle Management • Create • Install • Upgrade/Rollback • Delete • Status • Versioning What is Helm 95
- 96. Benefits 96
- 97. • Helm Client • Command-line client • Interacts with Tiller Server • Deploy Applications from Local/Public Repository • Tiller Server • In-cluster (Pod) • Listens to the Helm client • Interacts with Kubernetes API Server • Manages the lifecycle Helm Architecture 97
- 99. 99 99
Editor's Notes
- #7: http://colo.com/hosting/colocation/
- #16: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/office365/online-software.aspx http://www.workday.com/ http://www.zamzar.com/
- #24: https://www.simform.com/compute-pricing-comparison-aws-azure-googlecloud/
- #26: https://www.dropbox.com/
- #29: http://cloudonmove.com/iaas-paas-saas-what-do-they-mean/
- #31: https://data-flair.training/blogs/features-of-cloud-computing/
- #55: https://www.openstack.org/
- #70: https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/research/projects/cloud-controls-matrix-ccm/
- #71: https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/research/cloud-controls-matrix/
- #100: http://blog.shippable.com/why-the-adoption-of-kubernetes-will-explode-in-2018 https://www.openstack.org/user-survey/2018-user-survey-report
- #101: https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=today%205-y&geo=US&q=%2Fg%2F11b7lxp79d,Docker%20swarm,mesosphere https://www.openstack.org/user-survey/2018-user-survey-report