INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.pptx

INTRODUCTION TO DBMS
LEARNING OUTCOME
 Explain the various database concepts and the need for database
systems
 Identify and define database objects ,enforce integrity constraints on a
database using dbms
 Demonstrate of a data model and schemas in RDBMS
 Identify entity and relationship and draw ER diagram given real world
problem
 Convert an ER diagram to a database schema to desired normal form
 Formulate queries in Relational Algebra , Structural Query
Language(SQL) for database manipulation
 Explain the transaction processing and concurrency control techniques

INTRODUCTION TO DBMS
 Data is nothing but facts and statistics stored or free flowing over a
network,generally its raw facts and unprocessed.
 Information:When data is processed turning into some meaningfull
 Database: A database is a collection of logically related data organized
in away that data can be easily accessed managed and updated.
 Represents some aspect of the real world,
 logically coherent collection of data with inheritance, built for specific
purpose.
 It is also used to organize the data in the form of table, schema,views and
reports etc

DBMS- DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 A DBMS is a software that allows creation definition and manipulation of
database allowing to store process and analyse data easily.
 DBMS providesus with an interface or a tool to perform operation like
creating database storing data in it.updating data,creating tables in the
database and a lot more.
 DBMS provides protection and security to the database.
 It maintains data consistency in case of multiple users.
 Example of DBMS are
 My Sql, Oracle, SQL Server,IBM DB2

DATABASE SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
 Banking
 Water meter biling
 Rail and airlines
 Colleges
 Credit card transactions
 Finance
 Sales
 Telecommuncation
 Manufacturing
 Human Resources

DATABASE SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
 Telecom:There is a database that keeps the track of the information regarding
calls made,network usage customer details.
 Industry:Where it is a manufacturing unit warehouse or distribution centre
each one needs a database to know the records ins and outs
 Banking System : For storing customer info ,tracking day to day credit and
debit transactions generating bank statements.
 Sales:To store customer information production information and invoice details
 Airlines;Tp travel through airlines we do reservation ,this reservation
information along with flight scheduke is stored in database
 Education sector: Database system are frequently used n schools and colleges
to store and retrieve the data regarding student details staff details course
details,attendance details

CHARACTERSTICS AND PURPOSE OF DB
APPROACH
 Self describing nature of database system
 Insulation between program and data and data abstraction
 Support of multiple views of the data
 Sharing of data and multiuser transaction processing

SELF DESCRIBING NATURE OF A DATABASE
SYSTEM
 Database system contains complete definition of structure and
constraints
 Meta data:-describes structure of database,the information stored in
catalog is called metadata
 Database catalog used by
 DBMS software
 Database users who need information about database structure

INSULATION BETWEEN PROGRAMS AND DATA
 Program data independence
* Structure of data fikes is stored in DBMS catalog separately from access
programs
 Program operation independence
* Operation specified in two parts
 Interface includes operations name and data ypes of its arguments
* Implementation can be changed without affecting the interface

DATA ABSTRACTION
 Allows program data independence and program operation
dependence
 Conceptual representation of data
 * Does not include details of how data is stored or how operations are
implemented
 Data model type of data abstraction i.e used to provide conceptual
representation

SUPPORT OF MULYUPLE VIEWS OF THE DATA
 View
* Subset of the database
* Contains virtusl data derived from the databse files but it is not
explicitly stored
. Multiuser DBMS
 Users have a variety of distinct applications
 Must provide facilites for defining multiple views

SHARING OF DATA AND MULTIUSERS
 Allow multiple users to access the database at the same time
 Concurrency control software
 * Ensure that several users trying to update the same data do so in a
controlled manner
 * Result of the update is correct
 Online transaction processing (OLTP) application

ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
 Controls database redundancy
 Data sharing
 Easy maintenance
 Reduce time
 Backup
 Multiple user interface

PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH DATABASE SYSTEM
 Database Administrators (DBA) : DBA is a person who has control over
both data and application.
 Some of the responsibilities of DBA are authorization access,schema
definition and modifcations,new software installation and security
enforcement and administration
 Cordinationg and monitoring of database acquiring software and
hardware resources

 System Analysis : System analyst determines the requirement of end
users.It createssolution to the business needs both technical and non-
technical aspects
 Application programmers:- These are the computer professionals who
implement the specifucations given in the system analyst and develop
the application program
 Programmers test,debug,document and maintain the canned transaction

 Database designers : Database designers are responsible for identifying
the data to be stored n database for choosing structure to represent and
store the data
 Database designers typically interacts with each potential group of users
and develop views of the database that meet the data and processing
requirements of these groups
 Endusers(Database users) : Database uses ae those who interact with
database in order to query and update the database and generate
reports

END USERS
 People whose jobs require access to the database
 They use the data for queries reports and some of them update the
database content
 Types
 1. Casual end users
 2. Native or parametrc end users
 Sophisticated end users
 Standalone users

ENDUSERS
1.Casual:
 Aceess database occasionally when needed
2.Native or Parametric
 They use previously well defined functions in the form of canned
transactions against the database
 Example banktellers or reservations clerks

ENDUSERS
 Sophisticated
These include business analysis scientist engineers familiar with system
capability
 Stand Alone
Mostly maintain personal database usinf ready to packaged applications
 An example is a tax program user that create its database ,address book

WORK BEHIND THE SCENE
 DBMS SYSTEM designers and implementers
 Tool developers
 Design and implement tool
 Operators and maintenance personal

INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.pptx

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INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.pptx