Introduction to dot net framework
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Lecture #01 Introduction to Dot NET #Introduction to Dot NET, #.NET, #CLR, #CTS, #IL, #MSIL, #CIL What is .NET Framework? What is IL? What is CIL? What is MSIL? What is CTS? What is CLR? https://www.youtube.com/c/newitworld
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Introduction to dot net framework
- 3. Outline Introduction to .NET Framework Architecture of .NET Framework CLS, CLR, CTS, IL, CIL, MSIL
- 4. Before .NET Windows GUI development: Win32 API, MFC, Visual Basic, COM Web development: ASP Java – “Write once, run anywhere. (WORA)”
- 5. What Is .NET .NET is a framework New Programming Paradigm .NET is platform independent / cross platform .NET is language-insensitive
- 6. .NET provides Integrated environment Internet, Desktop , Mobile devices consistent object-oriented To provide a portable environment Amanaged environment
- 8. .NET Architecture … .NET architecture is: multi-language cross-platform based on the CLR, FCL, and JIT technology .NET components are packaged as assemblies
- 10. Languages Supported by .NET Over 35 languages are supported now C#, VB, Jscript, Visual C++ Perl, Python, Smalltalk, Cobol, Haskell, Mercury, Eiffel, Oberon, Oz, Pascal, APL, CAML, Scheme, etc.
- 11. Common Type System (CTS) • A specification for how types are defined and how they behave. • no syntaxspecified • A type can contain zero or more members: • Field • Method • Property • Event
- 12. Common Type System (CTS) CTS is a formal specification that describes how a given type must be defined for CLR • CTS Class Type • CTS Structure Type • CTS Interface Type • CTS Enumeration type • CTS Delegate type
- 13. CTS Class Type • Same as C++ class • Can contain members: methods, properties, events, etc. • Support for abstract members that define a polymorphic interface for derived classes • Multiple inheritance is not allowed
- 14. CTS Class Characteristics • "sealed"? – sealed classes can't function as base classes • Implement any interfaces? – An interface is a collection of abstract members • Abstract or Concrete? – Abstract classes (to define common behaviors for derived) can't be created directly but concrete classes can. • Visibility? – visibility attribute to know whether external assemblies can use it.
- 15. CTS Structure types Same as C/C++ Derived from a common base class System.ValueType CTS Enumeration type To group name/value pairs under a specific name Default Storage: System.Int32 (could be Changed)
- 16. CTS Interface types CTS Delegate type • Same as pure abstract class of C++ • A description of work that a derived class can perform • Similar to a class, but can never be instantiated • Same as C's function pointer (System.MulticastDelegate) • Useful for event handling (ASP .NET)
- 17. CTS Data Types .NET Base Type C# Type System.Byte Byte System.SByte sbyte System.Int16 short System.Int32 int System.Int64 long System.UInt64 ulong System.Single float System.Double double System.Object object System.String string System.Boolean bool
- 18. CLS Compliance C# Type CLS Compliance byte Yes sbyte No short Yes int Yes long Yes ulong No float Yes double Yes object Yes string Yes char Yes
- 19. Common Language Runtime A common runtime for all .NET languages Common type system Common metadata Intermediate Language (IL) to native code compilers Memory allocation and garbage collection Code execution and security
- 20. Common Language Runtime Execution Engine Compiles Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) into nativecode Handles garbagecollection Handles exceptions Enforces code accesssecurity Handles verification Managed v.Unmanaged Code
- 21. CLR Execution Model Source code VB C# C++ Compiler Compiler Compiler Assembly IL Code Assembly IL Code Assembly IL Code Common Language Runtime JIT Compiler Native Code Operating System Services Managed code Unmanaged Component
- 22. Advantages of CLR • Support for developer services (debugging) • Interoperation between managed code and unmanaged code (COM,DLLs). • Managed code environment • Improved memory handling • Improved “garbagecollection”
- 23. Advantages of CLR • JIT allows code to run in a protected environment as managed code. • JIT allows the IL code to be hardware independent. • CLR also allows for enforcement of code access security. • Verification of type safety.
- 24. CLR .NET Source Code Base Class Libraries (mscorlib.dll) .NET Execution Engine Class Loader Jitter Platform Specific code Execute .NET Compiler DLL or EXE (CIL) mscoree.dll mscoree.dll MicroSoft Common Object Runtime Execution Engine
- 25. Dot Net Namespaces • MFC, Java, VB 6.0 have predefined set of classes; C# doesn't • C# uses namespace concept • Any language targeting the .NET runtime makes use of the same namespaces and same types as C# • System is the root namespace
- 26. Sample .NET namespaces System primitive types, garbage collection, etc System.Collections Container objects: ArrayList, Queue, etc. System.Data System.Data.Common System.Data.OleDb System.Data.SqlClient For Database manipulations ADO .NET System.IO file IO, buffering, etc. System.Drawing System.Drawing.2D GDI+ primitives, bitmaps, fonts, icons, etc. System.Threading Threads
- 27. Common Data Types CLR provides a set of primitive types that all languages must support.The datatypes include: Integer—three types 16/32/64bits Float—two types: 32/64 bits Boolean and Character Date/time and Time span The primitive types can be collected into Arrays Structures Combination of the two
- 28. Common Language Specification (CLS) Not all languages support all CTS types and features C# is case sensitive, VB.NET is not C# supports pointer types (in unsafe mode), VB.NET does not C# supports operator overloading, VB.NET does not CLS was introduced to promote language interoperability vast majority of classes within FCL are CLS-compliant
- 29. Comparison to Java Hello.java Hello.class JVM compile execute Hello.vb Hello.exe CLR compile execute Source code Bytecode CILSource code
- 30. Base Class Library @ FCL Unified Classes Web Classes (ASP.NET) Controls, Caching, Security, Session, Configuration etc System Classes Collections, Diagnostics, Globalization, IO, Security, Threading Serialization, Reflection, Messaging etc Data (ADO.NET) ADO, SQL,Types etc Drawing Classes Drawing, Imaging, Text, etc Windows Forms Design, Cmpnt Model etc XML Classes XSLT, Path, Serialization etc
- 31. Framework Class Library @ BCL Single consistent set of object oriented class libraries to enable building distributed web applications (Unified Classes) Built using classes arranged across logical hierarchical namespaces Work with allCLR languages
- 32. Summary Introduction to .NET Framework Architecture of .NET Framework CTS, CLR, IL, MSIL, CIL