Introduction to VoIP Security
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VoIP, or Voice over IP, converts analog voice signals to digital bits which are transmitted in packets over data networks. This allows for voice calls to be made over the internet. However, VoIP inherits vulnerabilities from both telephone and computer networks. Common attacks against VoIP systems aim to disrupt availability through DoS attacks, compromise integrity through spoofing, or violate confidentiality through eavesdropping. Proper security measures include separating VoIP and data infrastructure, using secure protocols, encryption, and VoIP-aware firewalls.
Introduction to VoIP Security
- 1. An Overview of VoIP Security -Push http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 2. VoIP… • Voice over IP • Transmission of “voice” over packet-switched (data)networks, • Voice analog signals are converted to digital bits – “Sampled” • Sampled bits are transmitted into Packets http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 3. Analog Voice Signals 101010101010 1101101101 101010101010 Analog Voice 1101101101 Signals 101010101010 1101101101 Internet 101010101010 101010101010 1101101101 1101101101 http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 4. Components Involved… • Traditional Telephone Networks, • Computer Networks, • VoIP Hardware, • Gateways • Proxy Servers • Redirect Servers • VoIP Software, • IDS – IPS - Firewalls http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 5. VoIP Traffic Factors… • Latency • Jitter • Packet Loss • Speed / Bandwidth • QoS…. http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 6. Protocols used… • Vendor Proprietary, • SIP • H.323 • RTSP • RTP http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 7. Features SIP and H.323 H.323 SIP Multimedia support Yes No Complexity High Low Reliability Efficint failure handling Inefficint failure handling Message Encoding Supported for narrowband and broadband Supported for broadband Interoperability Yes No Load Balancing Yes No Call signalling 1 RAS message exchange 3 exchange messages Statelessness While direct calling While it is not forking Address resolution Supported not supported Addressing Flexible Only URI type addressing supported Billing Available at gatekeeper Not available Capability Negotiation Good Limited PSTN internetworking Supported not supported Services Through web browser Not through web browser Video and data conferencing Lip synchronization supported. Lip synchronization not supported. Transport protocol Reliable Unreliable Firewall/NAT support Yes No Authentication Via H.235. Via HTTP (Digest and Basic), SSL, PGP, S/MIME. DTMF Carriage Through audio stream No carriage http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 8. SIP Call Flow http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 9. H.323 Call Flow http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 10. H.323 Call Flow http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 11. Attacks Vectors • Vulnerabilities of both Data and Telephone Networks • CIA Triad http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 12. Availability Threats… • SIP Bombing • Man in the Middle/Call Hijacking • Eavesdropping • RTP Insertion attacks • SIP-BYE DoS • Multiple Account Registration with the same name http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 13. Integrity Threats… • Caller Identification spoofing • Proxy Impersonation • Call Redirection • UDP flooding attack • Registration Removal • Registration Addition http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 14. Confidentiality Threats… • Eavesdropping of phone conversation. • Unauthorized access attack. • Default passwords. • TOLL FRAUD http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 15. Standard Guidelines • Separate Infrasrtucture • Do not integrate Data and VoIP Networks • VoIP-aware Firewalls, • Secure Protocols like SRTP, • Session Encryption using SIP/TLS, SCCP/TLS http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/
- 16. Thanks you. http://null.co.in/ http://nullcon.net/