Iowa presentation
Download as PPT, PDF2 likes452 views
This document discusses various disease conditions found in Mediterranean fish, with a focus on research conducted in Greece. It describes several viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens that infect both marine and freshwater fish species. For viruses, it outlines nodavirus, lympocystis virus, and spring viraemia of carp. Key bacterial pathogens mentioned include Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae, Vibrio anguillarum, Yersinia ruckeri, and Aeromonas salmonicida. Research from the University of Thessaly identified P. damselae in both wild and farmed fish in Argolikos Bay, Greece, demonstrating its ability to spread between populations.
Iowa presentation
- 1. UNIVERSITY OF THESSALYUNIVERSITY OF THESSALY SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCESSCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINEFACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE KARDITSA LABORATOTY OF ICHTHYOLOGY , AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTHLABORATOTY OF ICHTHYOLOGY , AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH && AQUACULTUREAQUACULTURE Prof. Fotini Athanasopoulou DVMProf. Fotini Athanasopoulou DVM,, MScMSc,, PhDPhD,, MRCVSMRCVS . DISEASE CONDITIONS IN MEDITERRANEAN FISH AND CURRENT RESEARCH IN GREECE
- 2. Viral conditions VIRUS FISH SPECIES FISH SIZE MAIN CLINICAL SIGNS NODA VIRUS Dicentrarchus labrax (sea bass)- M Acipenser spp –FW Mugil cephalus-FW Young mainly >150g All sizes Nervous signs, apathy, bending of spine, eye lesions, brain hemorrhages LYMPHOCYSTIS Sparus aurata _M Sparidae young Skin granulomata SPRING VIRAEMIA OF CARP Cyprinids 1-2 summers External and internal hemorrhages
- 3. VIRUSES- MARINE FISH LYMPHOCYSTIS • Sea bream & other marine species •Summer outbreaks •Granulomata on skin & gills •Μacroscopic diagnosis •Horizontal transmission
- 4. VIRUSES - MARINE FISH Εικόνα 3: Ιοyενής εyκεφαλοπάθεια και αμφιβληστροειδοπάθεια σε ιχθύδια λαβρακίου NODA VIRUS •Many marine species, sea bass, •also in FW •summer •Nervous signs, distended swim bladder, •Histology, ELISA, IFAT, PCR •Horizontal transmission •High mortality
- 5. EPITHYLIOCYSTIS (Chlamydia sp) RICKETSSIAS / RLO’s •Many marine spp •Spring and summer •Lethargy, respiratory problems •Μacroscopic examination •Horizontal transmission? μετάδοση ? •High mortality in sea bream •Many marine spp, sea bass in Greece •Winter •Νervous signs no systemic disease •Histology •Horizontal transmission? • 20% mortality
- 6. Bacteria Yersinia ruckeri (ERM) Salmonidae Adult and young fish Red mouth Αeromonas spp A. hydrophila Α. salmonicida Α. salmonicida ssp.nova Salmonidae FW Cyprinids FW All All Hemorrhagic septicemia Cytophaga –like* Flexibacter, Cytophaga, All young and adults Skin lesions mainly FW fish
- 7. Bacteria Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum All marine fish All septicemia All marine fish All Pasteurella (Photobacterium piscicida) Septicemia, Granulomata High mortality
- 8. ΒACTERIA – FW FISH Yersinia ruckeri Α. salmonicida ssp.nova Α. salmonicida Furunculosis
- 9. Βacteria Bacterium Fish species Fish size Clinical signs Mycobacterium spp. All Older fish Internal & external swellings, granulomata, ulcers. Ascites, exophthalus Nocardia sp. All Older fish, broodstock Internal & external swellings, granulomata, ulcers. Ascites, exophthalus Streptococcus sp. Gram+ All mainly trout All septicemia Renebacterium sp. Gram+ Salmonid ae Adults Abscesses in kidneys, swellings
- 11. Agent Fish species Fish size Clinical signs Saprolegnia sp. ALL ALL Skin lesions Branchiomyces CYPRINID S ALL Gill lesions Ichthyophonus hoferi Salmonidae Marine fish young Systematic disease Exophthiala sp Salmonidae ALL Lesiona in kidneys, spleen Αphanomyces astaci Decapoda, Astacus spp. - Necrosis Fungal diseases
- 13. BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY OFBACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY OF CULTURED AND WILD FISH INCULTURED AND WILD FISH IN ARGOLIKOS BAY, GREECEARGOLIKOS BAY, GREECE Passas Ν.1 , Yiagnisi Μ.1,2 , Bithava Κ.1 , Vagianou Βαγιάνου S.1 , Τzironi Ε.1 & Αthanassopoulou F.1 1 Laboratory of Ichthyology & Aquatic animal Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly 2
- 14. AimAim In this study we investigated the possibility of finding simultaneously the same bacterial isolates in both cultured and wild fish around sea cages in Greece
- 15. Three seasonal samplings of diseased cultured fish (Sparus aurata, Dicentrarchus labrax) from 3 farms in Argolikos Bay. Simultaneoysly, samples of wild fish were examined, near the cages (200-500 m) were problems were present.
- 16. Wild fishWild fish Είδη άγριων ψαριών Απομονωθέντα βακτηρίδια Boops boops Ph.damselae ssp.damselae Trachurus trachurus Ph.damselae ssp.damselae, V.vulnificus Trachurus mediterranei Ph.damselae ssp.damselae Boops boops Ph.damselae ssp.damselae,V.harveyi
- 17. SpringSpring
- 18. SummerSummer
- 19. AutumnAutumn
- 20. ResultsResults Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae was widely present in the bay and more often isolated from wild fish. It was isolated in all samplings: spring in wild fish, summer & autumn in cultured & wild fish. In cultured fish the following bacteria were also isolated: Vibrio alginolyticus, V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. aestuarinus, V. tubiashii και V. splendidus II.
- 21. Photobacterium damselaePhotobacterium damselae subspsubsp.. damselaedamselae Present in water & can be transmitted through water Previously described as a new Vibrio pathogen causing lesions to Chromis punctipinnis (Love et al. 1981). Enters through skin Includes isolates causing skin problems and hemorrhagic septicemia in various marine fish sp. Is a pathogen also of mammals and humans (damselae).
- 22. Photobacterium damselaePhotobacterium damselae subsp.subsp. damselaedamselae Fish pathogens: Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida previously Pasteurella piscicida. Only Ph. damselae is pathogen for humans.
- 23. ConclusionsConclusions Wild fish can be carriers of P. damselae subsp. damselae. Vibrio spp. such as V. vulnificus and V. harveyi can be isolated from wild fish
- 24. VIBRIOSVIBRIOS ΓΕΝΙΚΑ ΠΕΡΙ VIBRIO spp Το γένος Vibrio περιλαμβάνει Gram- , οξειδάση θετικούς (εκτός από δύο είδη) και αναερόβιους βακίλους που ανήκουν στην οικογένεια Vibrionaceae. Eίναι κοινά βακτήρια του νερού σε θαλάσσια και υφάλμυρα οικοσυστήματα Τουλάχιστον 12 είδη Vibrio spp είναι παθογόνα στον άνθρωπο, 10 από τα οποία συνδέονται με τροφογενείς λοιμώξεις. (Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio alginolyticus) Προκαλούν τρία κυρίως σύνδρομα: Γαστοεντερίτιδα, μολύνσεις τραυμάτων και σηψαιμία
- 25. Agent: Vibrio anguillarum (Listonella anguillarum). 10 serotypes: 01 serotype commonly in mediterranean fish. 02 in eels 03 in larvae in France. Listonella anguillarum
- 26. In both cultured and wild fish –epizootics (1817, 1987 and after). In many fish species Problem in farms before vaccine use Still a problem in «new» cultured fish (halibut, cod - Bergh et al. 2001) In mediterranean fish sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is the most sensitive Related infections in molluscs and bivalves and crustaceans. Sensitive fish species:
- 27. Temperature and infectionTemperature and infection Autumn and spring ( from 20°C to 15°C & vice versa) Accompanied by high daily changes. Recently in Greece the disease appears also in winter at T< 15°C.
- 28. Clinical signsClinical signs :: Vibriosis is a classical gram negative haemorrhagic septicaemia. The outstanding feature of clinical vibriosis is the level of anaemia. Typical signs are red spots on the ventral and lateral areas of the fish, and swollen and dark skin lesions that ulcerate, releasing a bloody exudate. Hyperacute: no clinical signs except for anorexia and dark colour. Acute form: Externally: erythema on skin exophthamos, Sometimes also ulcers. Internally: hemorrhagic septicemia, spleen distension , hyperemic intestine
- 29. Furunculosis in sea bass D. labrax
- 30. Μ.Μ. yiagnisiyiagnisi 1,21,2 , Κ., Κ. BitchavaBitchava22 , , Α, , Αggelidesggelides PP..33 ,, VatsosVatsos Ι.Ν.Ι.Ν.33 καικαι ΑΑthanassopoulouthanassopoulou FF22 .. 11 Laboratory of nutrition and Fish Diseases, Inst. Of Aquaculture, NCMR,, Hellinikon, Greece 2 Laboratory of Ichthyology & Aquatic Animal Health,,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly 3 Laboratory of Ichthyology and Fish Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaloniki ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATIONISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OFOF Vibrio harveyiVibrio harveyi IN CULTURED MARINEIN CULTURED MARINE FISH IN GREECEFISH IN GREECE
- 31. Το Vibrio harveyi είναι Gram-ve bacterium common in the sea . Previously called Achromobacter harveyi. Pathogen of many invertebrates esp. of the family Penaeidae. Part of natural enteric fauna of marine organisms. Reported as a common opportunist pathogen in many marine fish. Vibrio harveyiVibrio harveyi
- 32. Vibrio harveyi isolated from internal organs of diseased fish sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) σε εκτροφές της Ελλάδας . Related to management stress or parasitic infections. Infected sea bream showed anorexia, abnormal swimming, dark colour, scale loss, skin ulcers. Infected sea bass showed skin hemorrhages and exophthalmia. Both fish species in the summer and autumn there was a peak of signs that were related to this bacterium. Sea bass was more sensitive with mortalities hoigher than 50%. Vibrio harveyiVibrio harveyi in our researchin our research
- 33. Isolation was achieved by biochemical and molecular methods. Sequence was very similar to Vibrio alginolyticus. MicroSeq 500 16S rDNA Bacterial Identification kit (Applied Biosystems) and BLAST data were used. Isolation & identificationIsolation & identification
- 40. Από τον Απρίλιο τουΑπό τον Απρίλιο του 20062006, Στην Κτηνιατρική Σχολή του ΑΠΘ, λειτουργεί μια Τράπεζα, Στην Κτηνιατρική Σχολή του ΑΠΘ, λειτουργεί μια Τράπεζα αναφοράς παθογόνων βακτηριδίων, απομονωμένα από εκτρεφόμενα ψάρια της Ελλάδας.αναφοράς παθογόνων βακτηριδίων, απομονωμένα από εκτρεφόμενα ψάρια της Ελλάδας. Στο πρόγραμμα αυτό συμμετέχουν επίσης:Στο πρόγραμμα αυτό συμμετέχουν επίσης: Το εργαστήριο Ιχθυολογίας, του Τμήματος Κτηνιατρικής, του πανεπιστημίου της ΘεσσαλίαςΤο εργαστήριο Ιχθυολογίας, του Τμήματος Κτηνιατρικής, του πανεπιστημίου της Θεσσαλίας Το Ινστιτούτο Υδατοκαλλιεργειών, του Ελληνικού Κέντρου Θαλασσίων ΕρευνώνΤο Ινστιτούτο Υδατοκαλλιεργειών, του Ελληνικού Κέντρου Θαλασσίων Ερευνών (ΕΛ.ΚΕ.Θ.Ε), της Αθήνας(ΕΛ.ΚΕ.Θ.Ε), της Αθήνας Συντονιστής προγράμματοςΣυντονιστής προγράμματος ::Παναγιώτης ΑγγελίδηςΠαναγιώτης Αγγελίδης ,, Επίκουρος καθηγητής Κτηνιατρικής Σχολής ΑΠΘ,Επίκουρος καθηγητής Κτηνιατρικής Σχολής ΑΠΘ, Email:Email: [email protected]@vet.auth.gr Το πρόγραμμα χρηματοδοτείται από το Υπουργείο Αγροτικής Ανάπτυξης & ΤροφίμωνΤο πρόγραμμα χρηματοδοτείται από το Υπουργείο Αγροτικής Ανάπτυξης & Τροφίμων Γεν. Δ/ση ΑλιείαςΓεν. Δ/ση Αλιείας ,, Δ/ση Αλιευτικών Εφαρμογών , ΕΠΑΛΔ/ση Αλιευτικών Εφαρμογών , ΕΠΑΛ 2000 – 2006,2000 – 2006, ΜέτροΜέτρο 4.64.6 GreekGreek AquacultureAquaculture BacteriaBacteria CollectionCollection
- 41. Purpose of this program:Purpose of this program: Isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens of cultured fish in Greece with microbiological, biochemical and molecular methods. Pathogenicity tests of isolates. Hisopathological study of diseased fish. Preservation of isolates for future use & research (vaccines, auto vaccines). Information to anybody involved. Cooperation with other data bases abroad.
- 42. Στάδια Συλλογή ψαριών, απομόνωση και ταυτοποίηση βακτηριδιακών στελεχών Ιστολογική εξέταση Μοριακή ταυτοποίηση Συλλογή των απομονωθέντων βακτηριδίων στους -80ο C This data bas follows the directions of the World Federation for Culture Collection
- 43. Macroscopic lesions and bacteria isolated from cultured fish Fish species Isolated bacteriaα Macroscopic lesions Dicentrarchus labrax Listonella anguillarum (12) Αιμορραγίες γύρω από τα βραγχιακά επικαλύμματα, τα πτερύγια, την έδρα, ασκίτης, συμφόρηση εσωτερικών οργάνων Vibrio alginolyticus (2) Αιμορραγίες γύρω από την έδρα, πληγές, σπληνομεγαλία Sparus aurata L. anguillarum (1) Αιμορραγίες γύρω από την έδρα, ασκίτης, αιμορραγίες στο ήπαρ V. alginolyticus (5) Αιμορραγίες γύρω από τα βραγχιακά επικαλύμματα και τα πτερύγια Photobacterium damsela ssp piscicida (2) Συμφόρηση εσωτερικών οργάνων, όζοι πάνω στα εσωτερικά όργανα, κυρίως στον σπλήνα L. metsscnikovii (1) Δεν παρατηρήθηκαν βλάβες Unidentified coccus (1) Αιμορραγίες στο λίπος γύρω από τα εσωτερικά όργανα Anguilla anguilla Aeromonas spp. (3) Αιμορραγίες στα βραγχιακά επικαλύμματα , δερματικά έλκη Oncorhynchus mykiss Aeromonas spp. (1) Αιμορραγίες στα βραγχιακά επικαλύμματα, τα πτερύγια, σπληνομεγαλία, ηπατομεγαλία Pagrus pagrus L. anguillarum (1) Αιμορραγίες στα βραγχιακά επικαλύμματα Carassius auratus A. hydrophila (1) Αιμορραγίες γύρω από τους οφθαλμούς και την βάση των πτερυγίων, ασκίτης, σπληνομεγαλία, διόγκωση χοληδόχου κύστης Cyprinus carpio Aeromonas spp. (not A. salmonicida) (1) Ασκίτης, σπληνομεγαλία, ηπατομεγαλία Pagellus erythrinus -** Ασκίτης , καχεξία Carassius auratus gibelio A. sombria (1) Αιμορραγίες γύρω από τα βραγχιακά , στη βάση των πτερυγίων και το στόμα, σπληνομεγαλία, διόγκωση χοληδόχου κύστης λευκόφαιο ήπαρ
- 44. Number of examined fish andtheir isolatesNumber of examined fish andtheir isolates Fish species No of cases Total number of examined fish Isolated bacteria* Dicentrarchus labrax 16 129 Listonella anguillarum (12) Vibrio alginolyticus (2) Sparus aurata 14 176 L. anguillarum (1) V. alginolyticus (5) Photobacterium damsela ssp piscicida (2) L. metsscnikovii (1) Αταυτοποίητος κόκκος (1) Anguilla anguilla 4 13 Aeromonas spp. (3) Oncorhynchus mykiss 1 1 Aeromonas spp. (1) Pagrus pagrus 1 4 L. anguillarum (1) Carassius auratus 2 6 A. hydrophila (1) Cyprinus carpio 1 4 Aeromonas spp. (όχι A. salmonicida) (1) Pagellus erythrinus 1 3 -** Carassius auratus gibelio 1 5 A. sombria (1) Solea solea 1 10 V. alginolyticus (1) Diplodus puntazzo 1 1 V. alginolyticus (1) * () no of cases from which pathogen was isolated **Σημείωση: no bacterial isolated
- 45. Αscites- V. alginolyticus. Spleen smears Giemsa X300 ΝΝecrotic lesion and granulomaecrotic lesion and granuloma formation in sea bream kidneys,formation in sea bream kidneys, H&EH&E
- 46. Enteritis in sea bass swelling ofEnteritis in sea bass swelling of entericenteric.. H&EH&E.. Endocarditis lesion in sea bassEndocarditis lesion in sea bass .. H&E.H&E. ΝΝecrotic lesions and granulomata formationecrotic lesions and granulomata formation in sea bream spleen.H&E.in sea bream spleen.H&E.
- 48. ICH CRYPTOCARYON sp •All FW & tropical fish •Any age •T 3-20ο C •Skin lesions, dyspnoia •Direct observation -2 stages in gills and tanks •All Marine fish •Any age •T >20ο C •Skin and gill lesions •Direct observation -2 stages in gills and tanks
- 49. METACERCAREA NEMATODA Anguillicola crassus Diplostomum spathaceum •Many FW spp, • esp. Salminidae •T 3-20ο C •Cataract, blindness •Direct observation •Indirect life cycle •In Swim bladder of eels Also in Salmonidae •Immunosupression, abnormal swimming •Direct observation •Indirect life cycle
- 50. TREMATODA ARTHROPODA, COPEPODA Microcotyle sp. Lernathropus kroyeri. Ceratothoa oestroides
- 51. Microcotyle sp.
- 52. PARASITES- PROTOZOAPARASITES- PROTOZOA TRICHODINA CHILLODONELLA sp. •Stress related •Any species, any age •Direct diagnosis in skin & gill smears OODINIUM sp. •Marine spp •>20C •Skin lesions •Direct diagnosis in skin & gill smears •High mortality •All FW fish esp. mullets •Any age at high temperature •Skin lesions •Direct diagnosis in skin & gill smears •Low mortality
- 53. Enteromyxum (Myxidium) leei •Internal organs esp gall bladder •Microscopic direct diagnosis •Low mortality Ceratomyxa sp. ΜΥΧΟSPORIDA •Diplodus puntazzo, sea bream, Pagrus major, P. pagrus •T >20ο C •Internal organs. Cachexia, serious histological lesions in intestine •Direct life cycle •High mortality
- 54. Polysporoplasma sparis Kudoa sp. Μιcrosporida •In renal tubules •Any age •Direct diagnosis in smears of kidneys •Low mortality In musculature μύς of marine fish •Indirect life cycle???
- 56. CONDITIOΝ FISH SPECIES FISH SIZE CLINICAL SIGNS Gill disease ALL ALL Respiratory Gas babble disease ALL ALL Bubbles in skin, blood vessels Fat degeneration /necrosis ALL / (TROUT) ALL Discolourizati on of liver Systemic granulomatosis Marine sea bream, P.puntazzo cages Swelling of kidneys, int. organs /granulomata Winter syndrom Sea bream Cages Ascites, gill necrosis, hyperenia of intestine Non infectious diseases
- 57. Fat degeneration of liver Dietory Cataract Gas bubble disease Winter syndromeSystematic granulomatosis