IRJET - BOT Virtual Guide
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This document proposes a BOT virtual guide that will extract educational web content based on topics recently taught using web crawling techniques. It will use a domain ontology, DOM parsing, and concept-focused crawling to find relevant documents from the web. The documents will be ranked based on their concept similarity to the topic. The filtered and crawled data will then be provided to students as speech output through a text-to-speech system to serve as an automated virtual guide for supplemental learning materials.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 380
BOT Virtual Guide
Nitisha Tungar1, Nutan Avhad2, Pranoti Gayakhe3, Rutuja Musmade4, Mr. U.R. Patole5
1,2,3,4BE Computer, 5Assistant Professor, 1,2,3,4,5 Computer Department, SVIT, Chincholi, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – This paper proposes a general solution for the
School timetabling problem. As all staff is busy and the end
time lecture conduct is severe problem for college. So to
automatic Virtual Guide is been implemented which will
extract web content based on recent topic been taught. An
enormous amount of learning material is needed for a e-
learning content management system to be effective. This has
led to the difficulty of locating suitable learning materials for
the particular learning topic, creating the need for automatic
exploration of good content within the learning context. We
aim to tackle this need by proposing a novel approach to find
out good materials from world wide web for an e-Learning
content management system. This work presents domain
ontology concepts based query method for searching
documents from web and proposes concept and term based
ranking system for obtaining the ranked seed documents
which is then used by a concept-focused crawling system. The
set of crawled documents hence obtained and would be
obtained an appropriate set of content material for building
an e-learning content management system. The filtered data
crawled will be provided with speech output.
Key Words: DOM Parser, Web Crawler, text to speech,
speech to text.
1. INTRODUCTION
This work proposes that Information Retrieval (IR)
techniques andtechnologies couldbespecificallydesignedto
traverse the WWW and centrally collect educational
resources, categorized by topic area. IR systems are
generally concerned with receiving a user’s information
need in textual form and finding relevant documents which
satisfy that need from a specific collection of documents [3].
Most existing content retrieval techniques rely on indexing
keywords. Unfortunately, keywords or index terms alone
cannot adequately capture a documentcontents,resultingin
poor retrieval performance [7]. Typically, the information
need is expressed as a combination of keywords and a set of
constraints. However, here we uselearningtermsassociated
with topic under consideration extracted from the domain
ontology. These topics and learning terms are used in the
concept based query method. In addition, this work
proposes a concept and term based ranking system for
ordering the documents from search engine to obtain a
ranked list of seed documents. With the appearance of
sophisticated search engines, finding materials for e-
learning is not a problem. However, the resources that one
discovers might have varying styles and may be targeted at
different type of audiences. The resources may not have a
complete coverage of topics which the instructor actually
requires for content authoring. Moreover, a number of
resources which are retrieved are highly redundant [4].
Hence, appropriate ranking of documents usingconceptand
topic learning terms possibly will help in retrieving topic
related documents and reducing redundancyfrom retrieved
content. In this work, the ranking system exploits the
concept-document similarity of the document collection.
These ranked documents could then be used as seed
documents for our proposed crawling system.
2. RELATED WORK
2.1 Web Parsing:
The Document Object Model Parser interface provides a
ability to parse XML or HTML source code from a string into
the DOM Document.DOMparserisintendedforworkingwith
XML as an object graph(a tree like structure) in memory – so
called “Document Object Model (DOM)“. Firstly, the parser
traverses the input XML file and creates DOM objects
corresponding to the nodes in XML file. These DOM objects
are linked with each other in a tree like structure. Once the
parser is done with parsing process, we get a tree-like DOM
object structure back from it. Now we can traverse the
structure of DOM back and forth as we want – to
get/update/delete data from it.
2.2 Text To Speech:
Text-to-Speech (TTS) encoder decoder architectures. These
auto encoders learn the features from speech only and text
onlya datasets by switching the encoders and decoders used
in ASR and TTS models.
2.3 Pattern Mining
This pattern step is designed to handle set-typeddata,where
multiple values occur, thus a naive approach is to discover
repetitive patterns in the input. However, there can be many
repetitive patterns discovered and the pattern can be
embedded in the form of another pattern, which makes the
deduction of the template difficult. The good news is that we
can neglect the effect of missing attributes (optional data)
since they are handled in the previous step. Thus, we should
focus on how repetitive patterns are merged to deduce the
data structure. In this section, we detect every consecutive
repetitive pattern (tandem repeat) and merge them (by
deleting all occurrences except for the first one) from small
length to large length.
World situations. It requires a small amount of training data
to estimate the parameters.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i1171-191224111146/85/IRJET-BOT-Virtual-Guide-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 381
2.4 Speech Recognition:
Speech recognition is a interdisciplinary subfield of
computational linguistics that develops methodologies and
technologies that enables the recognition and translation of
spoken language into text by computers. Itcanalsoknownas
automatic speech recognition (ASR), computer speech
recognition or speech to text (STT). It incorporates
knowledge and research in a linguistics, computer science,
and electrical engineering fields. Some speech recognition
systemsrequire"training"(alsocalledas"enrollment")where
an individual speaker reads text or isolated vocabularyintoa
system. The system analyzes the person's specific voice and
uses it to fine-tune the recognition of that person's speech,
resulting in increased accuracy. Systems that do not use
training are called "speaker independent" systems. Systems
that uses training are called as "speaker dependent".
3. LITERATURE SURVEY
The pace of growth of the world-wide body of available
information in digital format (text and audiovisual)
constitute a permanent challenges for content retrieval
technologies [1]. The popularity of exchange and
dissemination of content through a web has created a huge
amount of educational resources and a challenge of locating
suitable learning references specific to a learning topic has
become a big challenge [2]. As the web grows it will become
increasingly difficult for educatorstodiscoverandaggregate
collections of relevant and useful educational content.There
is, as yet, no centralized method of discovering, aggregating
and utilizing educational content [3].
This work proposes that Information Retrieval (IR)
techniques andtechnologies couldbespecificallydesignedto
traverse the WWW and centrally collect educational
resources, categorized by topic area. IR systems are
generally concerned with receiving a user’s information
need in textual form and finding relevant documents which
satisfy that need from a specific collection of documents [3].
Most existing content retrieval techniques rely on indexing
keywords. Unfortunately, keywords or index terms alone
cannot adequately capture a documentcontents,resultingin
poor retrieval performance [7]. Typically, the information
need is expressed as a combination of keywords and a set of
constraints. However, here we uselearningtermsassociated
with topic under consideration extracted from the domain
ontology. These topics and learning terms are used in the
concept based query method.
In addition, this work proposes a concept and term based
ranking system for ordering the documents from search
engine to obtain a ranked list of seed documents. With the
appearance of sophisticated search engines, finding
materials for e- learning is not a problem. However, the
resources that one discovers might have varying styles and
may be targeted at differenttypeofaudiences.The resources
may not have a complete coverage of topics which the
instructor actually requiresforcontentauthoring.Moreover,
a number of resources which are retrieved are highly
redundant [4]. Hence, appropriate ranking of documents
using concept and topic learning terms possibly will help in
retrieving topicrelateddocumentsandreducing redundancy
from retrieved content. In this work, the ranking system
exploits the concept-document similarity of the document
collection. These ranked documents could then be used as
seed documents for our proposed crawling system.
Similar to the work described by [11], the proposed system
also used the concepts of the ontology to query the web to
obtain seed documents. The ontology used by us is however
specially designed a computer scienceontology based on the
ACM classification hierarchy. The association of terms to
concepts for specific purposes has been used by InfoWeb
[13] a filtering system using user profiles in a digital library
scenario. Here the semantic network used to represent the
user profile has nodes representing concepts and as more
information is gathered about the user the profile is
enhanced by associating additional weightedkeywordswith
these concept nodes. This idea has been used in the work
described in this paper where in the ontology, each node in
addition to having concepts from ACM classification, has an
associated set of topic learning terms typically used when
teaching this topic. At present, this set of associated topic
learning terms is manually obtained from typical texts
covering a topic. As a future enhancement we propose to
enhance this ontology through machinelearningtechniques.
The search using concepts and topic learningtermsfromthe
ontology retrieves a set of seed documents.
4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
To provide virtual guide using web crawler BOT. As the web
grows it will become increasingly difficult for educators to
discover and aggregate collections of relevant and useful
educational content. There is, as yet, no centralized method
of discovering, aggregatingandutilizing educational content.
Fig 1: Block Diagram](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i1171-191224111146/85/IRJET-BOT-Virtual-Guide-2-320.jpg)
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IRJET - BOT Virtual Guide
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 380 BOT Virtual Guide Nitisha Tungar1, Nutan Avhad2, Pranoti Gayakhe3, Rutuja Musmade4, Mr. U.R. Patole5 1,2,3,4BE Computer, 5Assistant Professor, 1,2,3,4,5 Computer Department, SVIT, Chincholi, Nashik, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract – This paper proposes a general solution for the School timetabling problem. As all staff is busy and the end time lecture conduct is severe problem for college. So to automatic Virtual Guide is been implemented which will extract web content based on recent topic been taught. An enormous amount of learning material is needed for a e- learning content management system to be effective. This has led to the difficulty of locating suitable learning materials for the particular learning topic, creating the need for automatic exploration of good content within the learning context. We aim to tackle this need by proposing a novel approach to find out good materials from world wide web for an e-Learning content management system. This work presents domain ontology concepts based query method for searching documents from web and proposes concept and term based ranking system for obtaining the ranked seed documents which is then used by a concept-focused crawling system. The set of crawled documents hence obtained and would be obtained an appropriate set of content material for building an e-learning content management system. The filtered data crawled will be provided with speech output. Key Words: DOM Parser, Web Crawler, text to speech, speech to text. 1. INTRODUCTION This work proposes that Information Retrieval (IR) techniques andtechnologies couldbespecificallydesignedto traverse the WWW and centrally collect educational resources, categorized by topic area. IR systems are generally concerned with receiving a user’s information need in textual form and finding relevant documents which satisfy that need from a specific collection of documents [3]. Most existing content retrieval techniques rely on indexing keywords. Unfortunately, keywords or index terms alone cannot adequately capture a documentcontents,resultingin poor retrieval performance [7]. Typically, the information need is expressed as a combination of keywords and a set of constraints. However, here we uselearningtermsassociated with topic under consideration extracted from the domain ontology. These topics and learning terms are used in the concept based query method. In addition, this work proposes a concept and term based ranking system for ordering the documents from search engine to obtain a ranked list of seed documents. With the appearance of sophisticated search engines, finding materials for e- learning is not a problem. However, the resources that one discovers might have varying styles and may be targeted at different type of audiences. The resources may not have a complete coverage of topics which the instructor actually requires for content authoring. Moreover, a number of resources which are retrieved are highly redundant [4]. Hence, appropriate ranking of documents usingconceptand topic learning terms possibly will help in retrieving topic related documents and reducing redundancyfrom retrieved content. In this work, the ranking system exploits the concept-document similarity of the document collection. These ranked documents could then be used as seed documents for our proposed crawling system. 2. RELATED WORK 2.1 Web Parsing: The Document Object Model Parser interface provides a ability to parse XML or HTML source code from a string into the DOM Document.DOMparserisintendedforworkingwith XML as an object graph(a tree like structure) in memory – so called “Document Object Model (DOM)“. Firstly, the parser traverses the input XML file and creates DOM objects corresponding to the nodes in XML file. These DOM objects are linked with each other in a tree like structure. Once the parser is done with parsing process, we get a tree-like DOM object structure back from it. Now we can traverse the structure of DOM back and forth as we want – to get/update/delete data from it. 2.2 Text To Speech: Text-to-Speech (TTS) encoder decoder architectures. These auto encoders learn the features from speech only and text onlya datasets by switching the encoders and decoders used in ASR and TTS models. 2.3 Pattern Mining This pattern step is designed to handle set-typeddata,where multiple values occur, thus a naive approach is to discover repetitive patterns in the input. However, there can be many repetitive patterns discovered and the pattern can be embedded in the form of another pattern, which makes the deduction of the template difficult. The good news is that we can neglect the effect of missing attributes (optional data) since they are handled in the previous step. Thus, we should focus on how repetitive patterns are merged to deduce the data structure. In this section, we detect every consecutive repetitive pattern (tandem repeat) and merge them (by deleting all occurrences except for the first one) from small length to large length. World situations. It requires a small amount of training data to estimate the parameters.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 381 2.4 Speech Recognition: Speech recognition is a interdisciplinary subfield of computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enables the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers. Itcanalsoknownas automatic speech recognition (ASR), computer speech recognition or speech to text (STT). It incorporates knowledge and research in a linguistics, computer science, and electrical engineering fields. Some speech recognition systemsrequire"training"(alsocalledas"enrollment")where an individual speaker reads text or isolated vocabularyintoa system. The system analyzes the person's specific voice and uses it to fine-tune the recognition of that person's speech, resulting in increased accuracy. Systems that do not use training are called "speaker independent" systems. Systems that uses training are called as "speaker dependent". 3. LITERATURE SURVEY The pace of growth of the world-wide body of available information in digital format (text and audiovisual) constitute a permanent challenges for content retrieval technologies [1]. The popularity of exchange and dissemination of content through a web has created a huge amount of educational resources and a challenge of locating suitable learning references specific to a learning topic has become a big challenge [2]. As the web grows it will become increasingly difficult for educatorstodiscoverandaggregate collections of relevant and useful educational content.There is, as yet, no centralized method of discovering, aggregating and utilizing educational content [3]. This work proposes that Information Retrieval (IR) techniques andtechnologies couldbespecificallydesignedto traverse the WWW and centrally collect educational resources, categorized by topic area. IR systems are generally concerned with receiving a user’s information need in textual form and finding relevant documents which satisfy that need from a specific collection of documents [3]. Most existing content retrieval techniques rely on indexing keywords. Unfortunately, keywords or index terms alone cannot adequately capture a documentcontents,resultingin poor retrieval performance [7]. Typically, the information need is expressed as a combination of keywords and a set of constraints. However, here we uselearningtermsassociated with topic under consideration extracted from the domain ontology. These topics and learning terms are used in the concept based query method. In addition, this work proposes a concept and term based ranking system for ordering the documents from search engine to obtain a ranked list of seed documents. With the appearance of sophisticated search engines, finding materials for e- learning is not a problem. However, the resources that one discovers might have varying styles and may be targeted at differenttypeofaudiences.The resources may not have a complete coverage of topics which the instructor actually requiresforcontentauthoring.Moreover, a number of resources which are retrieved are highly redundant [4]. Hence, appropriate ranking of documents using concept and topic learning terms possibly will help in retrieving topicrelateddocumentsandreducing redundancy from retrieved content. In this work, the ranking system exploits the concept-document similarity of the document collection. These ranked documents could then be used as seed documents for our proposed crawling system. Similar to the work described by [11], the proposed system also used the concepts of the ontology to query the web to obtain seed documents. The ontology used by us is however specially designed a computer scienceontology based on the ACM classification hierarchy. The association of terms to concepts for specific purposes has been used by InfoWeb [13] a filtering system using user profiles in a digital library scenario. Here the semantic network used to represent the user profile has nodes representing concepts and as more information is gathered about the user the profile is enhanced by associating additional weightedkeywordswith these concept nodes. This idea has been used in the work described in this paper where in the ontology, each node in addition to having concepts from ACM classification, has an associated set of topic learning terms typically used when teaching this topic. At present, this set of associated topic learning terms is manually obtained from typical texts covering a topic. As a future enhancement we propose to enhance this ontology through machinelearningtechniques. The search using concepts and topic learningtermsfromthe ontology retrieves a set of seed documents. 4. PROPOSED SYSTEM To provide virtual guide using web crawler BOT. As the web grows it will become increasingly difficult for educators to discover and aggregate collections of relevant and useful educational content. There is, as yet, no centralized method of discovering, aggregatingandutilizing educational content. Fig 1: Block Diagram
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 382 DOM Parser According to our page generation model, data instances of the same type have the same path from the root in the DOM trees of the input pages. Thus, our algorithm does not need to merge similar subtrees from different levels and the task to merge multiple trees can be broken down from a tree level to a string level. Starting from root nodes <html> of all input DOM trees, which belong to some type constructor we want to discover, our algorithmappliesa newmultiplestring alignment algorithm to their first-level child nodes. There are at least two advantages in this design. First, as the number of child nodes under a parent node is much smaller than the number of nodes in the whole DOM tree or the number of HTML tags in a Webpage, thus, the effort for multiple string alignment here is less than that of two complete page alignments in RoadRunner. Second, nodes with the same tag name (but with different functions)canbe better differentiated by the subtreestheyrepresent,whichis an important feature. Instead, our algorithm will recognize such nodes as peer nodes and denote the same symbol for those child nodes to facilitate the followingstringalignment. After the string alignment step, we conduct pattern mining on the aligned string S to discover all possible repeats (set type data) from length 1 tolengthjSj=2.After removing extra occurrences of the discovered pattern, we can then decide whether data are an option or not based on their occurrence vector. The four steps, peer node recognition, string alignment, pattern mining, and optional node detection, involve typical ideas that are used in current research on Web data extraction. However, they are redesigned or applied in a different sequence and scenario to solve key issues in page-level data extraction. Fig 2. DOM Parser Working 3. CONCLUSIONS We have presented BOT Virtual Guide which will obtaining seed documents from search engine and presented a concept-focused crawling system for the discovery of educational content from the web. REFERENCES 1. David Vallet, Pablo Castells, Miriam Fernández, Phivos Mylonas, and Yannis Avrithis, “Personalized Content Retrieval in Context Using Ontological Knowledge”, Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on In Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 17, No. 3. (05 March 2007), pp. 336-346. 2. Khairil Imran Bin Ghauth, Nor Aniza Abdullah, “Building an E-Learning Recommender System using Vector Space Model and Good Learners Average Rating”, Advanced Learning Technologies, 2009. ICALT 2009 Ninth IEEE International Conference (15-17 July 2009), pp 194 - 196 3. Lawless, S."Leveraging Contentfrom OpenCorpus Sources for Technology Enhanced Learning", Ph.D Thesis, Submitted to the University of Dublin, Trinity College, 2009. 4. Brusilovsky, P. & Henze, N. “Open Corpus Adaptive Educational Hypermedia”. In The Adaptive Web: Methods and Strategies of Web Personalisation, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 4321, Berlin: Springer Verlag, pp. 671-696. 2007. 5. Chakrabarti, S., Punera, K., Subramanyam, M. “Accelerated Focused Crawling through Online Relevance Feedback”. In proceedings of the Eleventh International World Wide Web Conference, WWW2002, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. May 7-11, 2002. 6. Sparck-Jones, K (1972).”A statistical interpretation of term specificity and its application in retrieval”, Journal of Documentation2004,Volume60Number 5 pp. 493-502 7. DIK L. LEE, “Document Ranking and the Vector- Space Model”, Software, IEEE (Mar/Apr 1997) Volume: 14 Issue: 2 pp 67 – 75. 8. Mehrnoush Shamsfard, Azadeh Nematzadeh, and Sarah Motiee, “ORank: An Ontology Based System for Ranking Documents”, International Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 1, No. 3. (2006), pp. 225- 231. 9. Udit Sajjanhar, “Focused Web Crawling for E- Learning Content”, M.Tech Thesis to be submitted Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , April 2008 10. Jun Li Kazutaka Furuse Kazunori Yamaguchi, “Focused Crawling by Exploiting Anchor TextUsing Decision Tree”, Proceeding WWW '05 Special interest tracks and posters of the 14th international conferenceonWorld WideWebACM,pp.1190-1191
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 383 11. Hiep Phuc Luong Susan Gauch Qiang Wang, “Ontology-based Focused crawling”, International ConferenceonInformation,Process,and Knowledge Management, Cancun, Mexico, Feb. 1-7, 2009, pp123-128. 12. Marc Ehrig Alexander Maedche,“Ontology-Focused Crawling of Web Documen`ts”, Proceeding SAC '03 Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing, ACM 13. Gentili, G., Micarelli, A., Sciarrone, F.: Infoweb: “An Adaptive Information Filtering System forthe Cultural Heritage Domain”. Applied Artificial Intelligence 17(8-9) (2003) 715-744 14. Chakrabarti, S., van den Berg, M., Dom, B. “Focused Crawling: A New Approach to Topic- Specific Web Resource Discovery”.InThe International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, Vol.31(11-16), Elsevier North-Holland, Inc. New York, USA. pp. 1623-1640, May 1999. BIOGRAPHIES Name: Nitisha R. Tungar Educational Details: BE Computer (Pursuing) Name: Nutan V. Avhad Educational Details: BE Computer (Pursuing) Name: Pranoti P. Gayakhe Educational Details: BE Computer (Pursuing) Name: Rutuja V. Musmade Educational Details: BE Computer (Pursuing) Name: Uttam R. Patole Educational Details: M.Tech(CSE)