IRJET- Online Crime Reporting and Management System using Data Mining

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 34
Online Crime Reporting and Management System using Data Mining
Pradnya Ogale1, Mayuri Chormale2, Pinaki Babar3, Shridhar Shinde4
1,2,3,4B.E. Student, Dept. of Computer Engineering, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Vadgaon, Pune- 411041,
Maharashtra, India
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Abstract - The aim of this project is to develop an online
managing crime report system which is accessible to the
common public and the police department easily. The system
provides users with the information about the crime rates ofa
desired area. This is useful for tourists who are entering in an
unvisited area. If the user enters in 100 meter radius of a high
alert area then he/she will be notified with an alert message.
The user gets notified about the different crime rates in the
area and can provide the safest path to the desired
destination. Also, the system registers the complaintsfromthe
people through online web application where they canupload
images and videos of the crime and it will be helpful for the
police department in catching criminals. The person can give
complaint at any time.
Key Words: KNN Algorithm, AES Algorithm, K-Means
Algorithm.
1. INTRODUCTION
Crime is a part of illegal activities in human life. The rise of
population and complex society rises the rangeofanti-social
conducts that must be restricted by thegovernmentthrough
the military and different organizations particularly the
Police Force. There are many current crime management
systems which faces several difficulties, as thereisnomeans
to report crime instantly other than phone calls, messaging
or face-to-face compliant filing. Hence, we have proposed an
online crime reporting system which allows the user to file
complaints or missing reports and keep a track of it. There
are 3 categories that a user can file; Complaint,CrimeReport
and Missing Report and can see all the status of what action
has been taken by the admin. To file any of the above 3
complaints, the user should register in to the system and
provide his right credentials to file them. The crime
reporting system projectalsoallowsotheruserswhodoesn’t
want to register but can check the crimes happening at
his/her or any other area, has to just provide the pin code
and in return the system displays the list of crimes if any
filed. The offline i.e. the unregistered user can also take
advantage of checking the missingpersondetails,buthe/she
is refrained from getting complaints done by the users. The
Front End of the crime reporting system is done using
Android Studio and SQL serves as a backend to store books
lists and inventory data. The system, has both the user as
well the Admin Part, the role of admin is to just check all the
3 modules or categories and update their status likewise.
This system helps the users in tracking any report filed to
the law and take an advantage of reporting any complaint
from anywhere bringing the whole system online.
1.1 Literature Survey
1. Sunil Yadav illustrate that how social development
may lead to crime prevention so that toincreasethe
predictive accuracy supervised, semi-supervised
and unsupervised learning technique are used and
also k-means is used to create number of clusters.
2. Rasoul Kiani Siamak Mahdavi, Amin Keshavarzi
have analysed, the main objective of this paper is to
classify clustered crimes based on occurrence
frequency during different years. Data mining is
used extensively in terms of analysis, investigation
and discovery of patternsfor occurrenceofdifferent
crimes.
3. Shyam Varan Nath have used the clustering
algorithm for a data mining approach to help detect
the crimes patterns and speed up the process of
solving crime. We will look at k-means clustering
with some enhancements to aid in the process of
identification of crime patterns.
2. Project Overview
The crime rates accelerate continuously and the crime
patterns are constantly changing. According to National
CrimeRecordsBureau,crimeagainstwomenhassignificantly
increased in recent years. It has becomethe most prior tothe
administration to enforce law and order to reduce this
increasing rate of the crime against women. We illustrates
how social development may lead tocrimeprevention.Sowe
are developing the system which can used to detect and
predict the crimes for the area where the person or user
currently stand. Crime detection and analysis will be to
generate the crime hot-spots that will help in deployment of
police at mostly likely places of crimeforanywindowoftime,
to allow most effective utilization of police resources. The
developed model will reduce crimes and will help the crime
detection field in many ways that is from arresting the
criminals to reducing the crimes by carrying out various
necessary measures. We add the woman safety module for
security. When women press the power button of android
mobile 3 to 4 times then help message send to relatives or
police. Due to this we reduce crime in the society and in
country. Here we use module of crime capture means user
can capture the photo of crime send topolice.
There is user or actors which are as follows,
1. User has theaccountandforaccessingthathe/shemust
be provide the correct username and password.

2.Alluse-casesforthesoftwarearepresented. Description
of all main Use cases use case template is to be provided.
3. A use case diagram in the Unified Modeling Language
(UML) is a type of behavioraldiagram definedbyandcreated
from a Use-case analysis. Itspurpose is to presentagraphical
overview of thefunctionalityprovidedbyasystemintermsof
actors, their goals (represented as use cases), and any
dependenciesbetweenthoseusecases. Themainpurposeofa
use case diagram is to show what system functions are
performed for which actor. Roles of the actors in the system
can be depicted.
[A]AES Encryption Process
AES is an iterative rather than Feistel cipher. It is based on
substitution permutation network. Itcomprises ofa series of
linked operations, some of which involvereplacing inputs by
specific outputs (substitutions) and others involve shuffling
bitsaround(permutations). Interestingly,AESperformsallits
computations on bytes rather than bits. These 16 bytes are
arranged in four columns and four rows for processing as a
matrix. Unlike DES, the number of rounds in AES is variable
and depends on the length of the key. Each of these rounds
uses a different 128-bit round key, which is calculated from
the original AES key. In present day cryptography, AES is
widely adopted and supported in both hardware and
software. Till date, no practical cryptanalytic attacks against
AES have been discovered. Additionally, AES has built-in
flexibility of key length, which allows a degree of future-
proofingagainstprogressintheability to perform exhaustive
key searches. However, just as for DES, the AES security is
assured only if it is correctly implemented and good key
management is employed. The encryption process uses a set
ofspeciallyderivedkeyscalledroundkeys. Theseareapplied,
along with other operations, on an array of data that holds
exactlyoneblockofdata? thedatatobeencrypted.Thisarray
we call the state array.
You take the following AES stepsofencryptionfor128-bit
block:
• Derive the set of round keys from the cipher key.
• Initialize the state array with the block data
(plaintext).
• Add the initial round key to the starting state array.
• Perform nine rounds of state manipulation.
Fig-1: AES Algorithm
The reason that the rounds have been listed as “nine
followed by a final tenth round” is because the tenthround
involves a slightly different manipulation from the others.
Theblocktobeencryptedisjusta sequence of 128bits.AES
works with byte quantities so we first convert the 128 bits
into 16 bytes. We say “convert,” but, in reality, it is almost
certainly stored this way already. Operations in RSN/AES
are performed on a two-dimensional byte array of four
rows and four columns. At the start of the encryption, the
16 bytes of data, numbered D0 ? D15, are loaded into the
array as shown in following
Table A. Each round of the encryption process requires
a series of steps to alter the statearray. These stepsinvolve
four types of operations called:
1. SubBytes
2. ShiftRows
3. MixColumns
[B]Data Mining
Data mining is a new technology, which helps organizations
to process data through algorithms to uncover meaningful
patterns and correlations from large databases that
otherwise may not be possible with standard analysis and
reporting. Data mining tools can helps to understand the
business better and also improve future performance
through predictive analysis and make them proactive and
allow knowledge driven decisions. Issues related to
information extraction fro large databases, data miningfield
brings together methods from several domainslikeMachine
Learning, Statistics, Pattern Recognition, Databases and
Visualizations. Data Mining fields find its application in

market analysis and, managementlikefor examplecustomer
relationship, management, cross selling, market
segmentation. It can also be used in risk analysis and
management for forecasting, customer retention, improved
underwriting, quality control, competitive analysis and
credit scoring.
[C]System Architecture
Fig:2 System Architecture
[D]Feasibility Analysis
Np-hard Np-Complete:
• What is P?
P is set of all decision problems which can be solved in
polynomial time by a deterministic.
Since it can be solved in polynomial time, it can be verified
in polynomial time.
Therefore P is a subset of NP.
P: Crime is a matter of major concern to society, it must be
checked. Although crime, being an integral part of
civilization, it can definitely be kept within limits. The task
of maintaining peace and order is delegated internally to
the police.
What is NP?
“NP” means “we can solve it in polynomial time if we can
break the normal rules of step-by-step computing”.
What is NP Hard?
A problem is NP-hard if an algorithm for solving it can be
translated into one for solving any NP-problem
(nondeterministic polynomial time) problem. NP-hard
therefore means” at least as hard as any NP-problem,”
although it might, in fact, be harder.
NP-Hard: It would be very difficult to only go through the
manual process of crime reporting to police portal.
So here in this case the P problem is NP hard.
i.e. P=NP-Hard
What is NP-Complete?
 Since this amazing ”N” computer can also do anythinga
normal computer can, we know that ”P” problems are
also in ”NP”.
 So, the easy problems are in ”P” (and ”NP”), but the
really hard ones are *only* in ”NP”, and they are called
”NP-complete”.
 It is like saying there are things that People can do
(”P”), there are things that Super People

can do (”SP”), and there are things *only* Super People can
do (”SP-complete”).
NP-Complete: Crime detection and analysis will be to
generate the crime hot-spots that will help in deployment of
police at most likely places of crime for anygiven window of
time, to allow most effective utilization of police resources.
[E]K – Nearest Neighbor NP Analysis
K–Nearest Neighbor algorithm is a Machine Learning
Classification Technique. Itis usedtoclassifya givenelement
into one of the classes which is closest to the element.
Consider a data set of ‘n’ samples and ‘d’ dimensions. There
is a point of interest whose class we want to determine on a
two-dimensional plot. We calculatethedistance betweenthe
point of interest to all other points in the data set.. If the data
set is small with less number of dimensions, this algorithm
runs in a reasonable amount of time. Since the time
complexity of K–Nearest Neighbor algorithm using Brute
Force Approach is the algorithm runs in polynomial time
and hence fall under P class of Problems.
3. CONCLUSION
The developed model will help reduce crimes and will help
the crime detection field in many ways that is from arresting
the criminals to reducing the crimes by carrying out various
necessary measures. The project is helpful forgeneral public
in getting information about the crime status of the area and
get a safe path to a desired destination.
REFERENCES
[1] J. Agarwal, R. Nagpal, and R. Sehgal, ―Crime analysis
using k-means clustering, International Journal ofComputer
Applications, Vol. 83 – No4, December 2013.
[2] J. Han, and M. Kamber, ―Data mining: concepts and
techniques, Jim Gray, Series Editor Morgan Kaufmann
Publishers, August 2000.
[3] P. Berkhin, ―Survey ofclusteringdata miningtechniques,
In: Accrue Software, 2003.
[4] W. Li, ―Modified k-means clustering algorithm, IEEE
Congress on Image and Signal Processing, pp. 616- 621,
2006.
[5] D.T Pham, S. Otri, A. Afifty, M. Mahmuddin, and H. Al-
Jabbouli, Data clustering using the Bees algorithm,
proceedings of 40th CRIP International Manufacturing
Systems Seminar, 2006.
[6] J. Han, and M. Kamber, ―Data mining: concepts and
techniques, 2nd Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publisher,2001.

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