IRJET - Wavelet based Image Fusion using FPGA for Biomedical Application

Jan 19, 20210 likes21 views

This document describes a wavelet-based image fusion system implemented on an FPGA for biomedical applications. The system takes two input images, applies discrete wavelet transforms to both, then fuses the wavelet coefficients to create a single output image. It uses MATLAB and Xilinx System Generator to simulate the design in Simulink and implement it on a Virtex6 FPGA. The results show that wavelet-based fusion can combine the spatial and spectral information from multiple input images into a higher quality fused output image suitable for medical applications like fusing MRI and CT scans.

IRJET - Wavelet based Image Fusion using FPGA for Biomedical Application

This document proposes using a deep stacked autoencoder neural network for compressing handwritten decimal image data. It involves training multiple autoencoders in sequence to form a deep network that can compress the high-dimensional input images into lower-dimensional encoded representations while minimizing information loss. The autoencoders are trained one layer at a time using scaled conjugate gradient descent. Testing on the MNIST handwritten digits dataset showed the deep stacked autoencoder achieved compression by encoding the 400-dimensional input images down to a 25-dimensional representation while maintaining good reconstruction accuracy, as measured by minimizing the mean squared error at each layer.

IRJET- Jeevn-Net: Brain Tumor Segmentation using Cascaded U-Net & Overall...IRJET Journal

This document presents Jeevn-Net, a new neural network architecture for brain tumor segmentation and overall survival prediction. Jeevn-Net uses a cascaded U-Net structure with two U-Nets and applies auto-encoder regularization. It takes in MRI scans and outputs a segmented tumor image with extracted features. Random forest regression is then used to predict survival based on these features. The network achieves state-of-the-art performance for brain tumor segmentation and survival prediction.

Digital scaling Hariprasath Subbarao

The document describes a novel FPGA implementation of an image scaling processor using bilinear interpolation. The proposed method uses sharpening and clamp filters as pre-filters to the bilinear interpolator in order to improve image quality during scaling. The bilinear interpolation algorithm was chosen due to its lower complexity compared to other methods. The design was implemented in Verilog and synthesized for an FPGA, achieving a maximum frequency of 215.64MHz for 64x64 grayscale images. The hardware resources required were moderately lower than other algorithms.

AN EFFICIENT M-ARY QIM DATA HIDING ALGORITHM FOR THE APPLICATION TO IMAGE ERR...IJNSA Journal

Methods like edge directed interpolation and projection onto convex sets (POCS) that are widely used for image error concealment to produce better image quality are complex in nature and also time consuming. Moreover, those methods are not suitable for real time error concealment where the decoder may not have sufficient computation power or done in online. In this paper, we propose a data-hiding scheme for error concealment of digital image. Edge direction information of a block is extracted in the encoder and is embedded imperceptibly into the host media using quantization index modulation (QIM), thus reduces work load of the decoder. The system performance in term of fidelity and computational load is improved using M-ary data modulation based on near-orthogonal QIM. The decoder extracts the embedded features (edge information) and those features are then used for recovery of lost data. Experimental results duly support the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Performance analysis of real-time and general-purpose operating systems for p...IJECEIAES

In general, modern operating systems can be divided into two essential parts, real-time operating systems (RTOS) and general-purpose operating systems (GPOS). The main difference between GPOS and RTOS is the system is time-critical or not. It means that; in GPOS, a high-priority thread cannot preempt a kernel call. But, in RTOS, a low-priority task is preempted by a high-priority task if necessary, even if it’s executing a kernel call. Most Linux distributions can be used as both GPOS and RTOS with kernel modifications. In this study, two Linux distributions, Ubuntu and Pardus, were analyzed and their performances were compared both as GPOS and RTOS for path planning of the multi-robot systems. Robot groups with different numbers of members were used to perform the path tracking tasks using both Ubuntu and Pardus as GPOS and RTOS. In this way, both the performance of two different Linux distributions in robotic applications were observed and compared in two forms, GPOS, and RTOS.

Comparison of ezw and h.264 2IAEME Publication

This document compares two video compression techniques: Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) algorithm and H.264 codec. It finds that H.264 provides higher compression ratios of 60-70% compared to EZW, which achieves lower compression. Frames compressed with H.264 show better visual quality than those compressed with EZW. The document concludes that while EZW achieves good compression performance, H.264 is currently the better technique for video compression applications.

Design and development of DrawBot using image processing IJECEIAES

Extracting text from an image and reproducing them can often be a laborious task. We took it upon ourselves to solve the problem. Our work is aimed at designing a robot which can perceive an image shown to it and reproduce it on any given area as directed. It does so by first taking an input image and performing image processing operations on the image to improve its readability. Then the text in the image is recognized by the program. Points for each letter are taken, then inverse kinematics is done for each point with MATLAB/Simulink and the angles in which the servo motors should be moved are found out and stored in the Arduino. Using these angles, the control algorithm is generated in the Arduino and the letters are drawn.

Comparative study to realize an automatic speaker recognition system IJECEIAES

This document presents a comparative study between an adaptive orthogonal transform method and mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) for automatic speaker recognition. The adaptive orthogonal transform method uses an adaptive operator to extract informative features from input speech signals with minimum dimensions. Experimental results show the adaptive orthogonal transform method achieved 96.8% accuracy using Fourier transform and 98.1% accuracy using correlation, outperforming MFCCs which achieved 49.3% and 53.1% accuracy respectively. The proposed method successfully identified speakers with a recognition rate of 98.1% compared to 53.1% for MFCCs, demonstrating the efficiency of the adaptive orthogonal transform approach.

Real-time traffic sign detection and recognition using Raspberry Pi IJECEIAES

This document presents a real-time traffic sign detection and recognition system developed using a Raspberry Pi 3 processor. The system uses a Raspberry Pi camera to record real-time video and the TensorFlow machine learning algorithm to detect and identify traffic signs based on a dataset of 500 labeled images across 5 sign classes. The system's accuracy, delay, and reliability were evaluated during testbed implementation considering different environmental and sign conditions. Results showed the system achieved over 90% accuracy on average with a maximum detection delay of 3.44 seconds, demonstrating reliable performance even for broken, faded, or low-light signs. This real-time traffic sign recognition system developed with affordable hardware has potential to increase road safety.

K0445660IJERA Editor

International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.

Kassem2009lazchi

This document describes a hardware implementation of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) using an FPGA for image compression. It presents the theory behind DCT and describes implementing a 2D DCT algorithm using a Lee algorithm on an FPGA. Experimental results show the FPGA implementation achieves a maximum 8% error compared to MATLAB and uses only 14% of FPGA resources while allowing real-time processing for video compression.

C010421720IOSR Journals

The document discusses a built-in self-detection and correction (BISDC) architecture for motion estimation computing arrays (MECAs) used in video coding systems. It proposes using biresidue error correcting codes to detect and correct single bit errors in each processing element of the MECA with minimal area overhead. The BISDC architecture achieves online error detection and correction through test code generation, detection and selection circuits, syndrome decoding, and error correction circuits. Performance analysis shows the approach effectively detects and corrects errors while introducing minor additional circuitry.

IRJET - Dual Band Low Profile MPA with I-shaped MTM Unit Cell for Satelli...IRJET Journal

This document describes the simulation of a dual-band low-profile microstrip patch antenna with an I-shaped metamaterial unit cell. The antenna is designed to operate at 10.5GHz and 12.2GHz. Simulation results show the antenna achieves a fractional bandwidth of 6.58% at 10.5GHz and 2.41% at 12.2GHz. Peak gains are 4.81dB at 10.5GHz and 1.33dB at 12.2GHz. The metamaterial unit cell provides 46.63% miniaturization of the patch area. The antenna design demonstrates improved bandwidth and gain performance suitable for applications such as satellite communication and radar systems.

Kq3518291832IJERA Editor

This paper presents an FPGA-based algorithm for moving object detection from video for traffic surveillance. The algorithm uses background subtraction, edge detection and shadow detection techniques. Background subtraction involves selective and non-selective updating to improve sensitivity. Edge detection helps find object boundaries while shadow detection removes falsely detected pixels from shadows. The algorithm is implemented using VHDL on a Spartan-6 FPGA board. Experimental results show the algorithm can accurately detect moving vehicles in different lighting conditions with low power consumption, making it suitable for traffic monitoring applications.

Balancing Compression and Encryption of Satellite Imagery IJECEIAES

With the rapid developments in the remote sensing technologies and services, there is a necessity for combined compression and encryption of satellite imagery. The onboard satellite compression is used to minimize storage and communication bandwidth requirements of high data rate satellite applications. While encryption is employed to secure these resources and prevent illegal use of image sensitive information. In this paper, we propose an approach to address these challenges which raised in the highly dynamic satellite based networked environment. This approach combined compression algorithms (Huffman and SPIHT) and encryptions algorithms (RC4, blowfish and AES) into three complementary modes: (1) secure lossless compression, (2) secure lossy compression and (3) secure hybrid compression. The extensive experiments on the 126 satellite images dataset showed that our approach outperforms traditional and state of art approaches by saving approximately (53%) of computational resources. In addition, the interesting feature of this approach is these three options that mimic reality by imposing every time a different approach to deal with the problem of limited computing and communication resources.

Lossless Encryption using BITPLANE and EDGEMAP Crypt AlgorithmsIRJET Journal

The document discusses two lossless image encryption algorithms: the bit plane crypt algorithm and the edge map crypt algorithm. Both algorithms use a key image of the same size as the original image to encrypt the image. The bit plane algorithm extracts a bit plane from another image to generate the key image. It then performs an XOR operation between the key image and each bit plane of the original image. The edge map algorithm generates the key image by detecting edges in another image and encrypts each bit plane of the original image using an XOR with the edge map. Both algorithms invert the bit plane order and combine them to produce the encrypted image. Simulation results show the original image can be recovered losslessly from the encrypted image using the decryption process for

Fuzzy Type Image Fusion Using SPIHT Image Compression TechniqueIJERA Editor

This paper presents a fuzzy type image fusion technique using Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT). It is concluded that fusion with higher single levels provides better fusion quality. This technique can be used for fusion of fuzzy images as well as multi model image fusion. The proposed algorithm is very simple, easy to implement and could be used for real time applications. This is paper also provided comparatively studied between proposed and previous existing technique and validation of the proposed algorithm as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE).

IRJET- Reversible Data Hiding in Video Frames based on Matched Neighbour ...IRJET Journal

The document proposes a reversible data hiding technique for video frames based on a Matched Neighbour Predictor. It uses three consecutive video frames, where the middle frame is used as a reference to predict pixels in the first and third frames. Prediction errors between the original and predicted frames are calculated and used to embed data by expanding the errors. Experimental results on two test videos show the proposed technique embeds data at a rate of bits per pixel with a peak signal-to-noise ratio maintained. The technique allows exact recovery of both the original video frames and embedded data.

Estimation of Optimized Energy and Latency Constraint for Task Allocation in ...ijcsit

In Network on Chip (NoC) rooted system, energy consumption is affected by task scheduling and allocation schemes which affect the performance of the system. In this paper we test the pre-existing proposed algorithms and introduced a new energy skilled algorithm for 3D NoC architecture. An efficient dynamic and cluster approaches are proposed along with the optimization using bio-inspired algorithm. The proposed algorithm has been implemented and evaluated on randomly generated benchmark and real life application such as MMS, Telecom and VOPD. The algorithm has also been tested with the E3S benchmark and has been compared with the existing mapping algorithm spiral and crinkle and has shown better reduction in the communication energy consumption and shows improvement in the performance of the system. On performing experimental analysis of proposed algorithm results shows that average reduction in energy consumption is 49%, reduction in communication cost is 48% and average latency is 34%. Cluster based approach is mapped onto NoC using Dynamic Diagonal Mapping (DDMap), Crinkle and Spiral algorithms and found DDmap provides improved result. On analysis and comparison of mapping of cluster using DDmap approach the average energy reduction is 14% and 9% with crinkle and spiral.

Genetic Algorithm Processor for Image Noise Filtering Using Evolvable HardwareCSCJournals

This document describes a genetic algorithm processor for image noise filtering using evolvable hardware. It proposes an evolvable hardware architecture that uses a genetic algorithm and virtual reconfigurable circuit to evolve image filters without prior information. The genetic algorithm is used to generate configuration bits that control the connections and functions of processing elements in the virtual reconfigurable circuit. This allows the filter to adapt its design to different noise types through evolution. Experimental results show the evolved hardware filter more effectively removes Gaussian and salt-and-pepper noise compared to conventional filters. Future work could explore applying this approach to additional noise models and image processing tasks.

IRJET- Interactive Image Segmentation with Seed PropagationIRJET Journal

The document proposes a method called Adaptive Constraint Propagation Cut (ACPCut) for interactive image segmentation that uses seed propagation to learn a global discriminative structure from limited user inputs. ACPCut adaptively propagates characteristics of user markers across the image to avoid bias while preserving data coherence. Experimental results show that ACPCut achieves state-of-the-art performance in interactive image segmentation in terms of effectiveness and efficiency compared to other methods.

International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline

C0161018IOSR Journals

IRJET - Vehicle Classification with Time-Frequency Domain Features using ...IRJET Journal

This document presents a study on vehicle classification using time-frequency domain features and artificial neural networks. The study divides vehicle images into sub-blocks and extracts time and frequency domain features from each block. These features are normalized and fed into an artificial neural network classifier to identify vehicles as cars or non-cars. The classifier is trained and tested on a standard database, achieving classification accuracy of 93.5%, outperforming other literature methods. The proposed approach uses time and frequency domain features extracted from sub-images to build a neural network model for vehicle classification amid natural backgrounds.

A complete user adaptive antenna tutorial demonstration. a gui based approach...Pablo Velarde A

This paper is aimed at creation of an easy to use Antenna Graphical User Interface(GUI) Tutorial Demonstration using JAVA in BlueJ environment which provides the user with ample opportunity to feed desired input parameters and to study the basic antenna patterns and parameters according to the inputs using MATLAB® interfacing. It also presents three dimensional physical appearances using the JAVA3D utility

IRJET- An Efficient VLSI Architecture for 3D-DWT using Lifting SchemeIRJET Journal

This document proposes an efficient VLSI architecture for 3D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) using the lifting scheme. The lifting scheme implementation of DWT has lower area, power consumption and computational complexity compared to convolution-based DWT. The proposed architecture achieves reductions in total area and power compared to existing convolution DWT and discrete cosine transform architectures. It evaluates the performance in terms of area analysis, timing reports, and output matrices after 1D, 2D and 3D DWT using both convolution and lifting schemes. The results show that the lifting scheme provides better compression performance with less area and delay.

Road Network Extraction using Satellite Imagery.SUMITRAJ312049

Design of c slotted microstrip antenna usingeSAT Publishing House

IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology

Design and implementation a prototype system for fusion image by using SWT-PC...IJECEIAES

The technology of fusion image is dominance strongly over domain research for recent years, the techniques of fusion have various applications in real time used and proposed such as purpose of military and remote sensing etc., the fusion image is very efficient in processing of digital image. Single image produced from two images or more information of relevant combining process results from multi sensor fusion image. FPGA is the best implementation types of most technology enabling wide spread.This device works with modern versions for different critical characteristics same huge number of elements logic in order to permit complex algorithm implemented. In this paper,filters are designed and implemented in FPGA utilized for disease specified detection from images CT/MRI scanned where the samples are taken for human's brain with various medical images and the processing of fusion employed by using technique Stationary Wavelet Transform and Principal Component Analysis (SWT-PCA). Accuracy image output increases when implemented this technique and that was done by sampling down eliminating where effects blurring and artifacts doesn't influenced. The algorithm of SWT-PCA parameters quality measurements like NCC, MSE, PSNR, coefficients and Eigen values.The advantages significant of this system that provide real time, time rapid to market and portability beside the change parametric continuing in the DWT transform. The designed and simulation of module proposed system has been done by using MATLAB simulink and blocks generator system, Xilinx synthesized with synthesis tool (XST) and implemented in XilinxSpartan 6-SP605 device.

Image Fusion - Approaches in HardwareKshitij Agrawal

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