Java 101

Java 101
A primer on the most used development platform in the world
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 2
About the presenter
• James Weaver
– Java Technology Ambassador
– Oracle Corporation
– Twitter: @JavaFXpert
– Email: james.weaver@oracle.com

About the presenter
Author of several Java/JavaFX books

What is Java?
4 Copyright © 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights
reserved.

What is Java?
reserved.

Java - Computer Science
According to Wikipedia
• Java (programming language), an object-oriented high-level programming language
• Java (software platform), a technology developed by Sun Microsystems for machine-independent
reserved.
software
– Java Platform, Standard Edition, targets desktop environment
– Java Platform, Enterprise Edition, targets server environment
– Java Platform, Micro Edition, targets mobile devices and embedded systems
– Java Card, targets smart cards and other small memory footprint devices
– Java Class Library, a collection of reusable pieces of software that software developers can use in their
software
– Java Development Kit (JDK), a software bundle from Sun Microsystems aimed at Java developers
– Java Virtual Machine (JVM), part of the Java Platform that is responsible for running software created with
Java
• Java applet, allows software to run in web browers, and is accessible on most PCs
• JavaScript, a web language with no direct relationship to the Java platform

Java
Programming Language
public class HelloWorld
{
reserved.
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}

Life of Java Program
HelloWorld.java
reserved.
javac
HeHlleolWlooWrlodr.lcdl.ajasrs
Java Virtual
Machine

Java is Everywhere!
reserved.

Java Virtual Machine
• Software that runs Java bytecode
reserved.

Java Virtual Machine
Other Advantages of JRE
Without changing anything or redeploying your app get:
• Performance Improvements
• Security Updates
• New platforms support
• Enhanced Monitoring Capabilities
reserved.

reserved.
Developers Love Java!

reserved.
Java Development Kit
(JDK) Java Runtime Environment
(JRE)
JDK and JRE
javac
Java Virtual
Machine
Standard
Libraries
Other
Developer
Tools

Integrated Development Environments
Choice is good
• Several options for Integrated Development Environment
– Commercial and Free products available
reserved.

Great Performance
• Performance was not a goal for initial release (15+years
ago) but…
• Now performance at par with a well written native
language
• Much better than a poorly written native app (and its
much easier to write a good program in Java)
reserved.

You can use Java (VM) if you don’t like Java
Many other JVM languages out there and growing
• Lots of the advantages, just use another JVM
language and you are still part of the "family”
reserved.

Easy to deploy
reserved.
• Oracle distributes and updates the runtime on desktops,
you can use applet or webstart to get your program
launched from a website.
• Packager creates self-contained apps and installers for
various platforms.

Java History
reserved.
1.1
• 1997
• JDBC
1.3
• 2000
• Hotspot
5.0
• 2004
• Generics
7
• 2011
• Oracle Stewardship
1.0
• 1996
1.2
• 1998
• Collections
1.4
• 2002
• JCP
6
• 2006
• JVMTI

Improve Contended Locking
DocTree API
Generalized Target-Type Inference
reserved.
19
Lambda (JSR 335)
Enhanced Verification Errors
Remove the Permanent Generation
Date/Time API (JSR 310)
Repeating Annotations
Configurable Secure-Random Number Generation
Type Annotations (JSR 308)
Compact Profiles
Lambda-Form Representation for Method Handles
Parallel Array Sorting
Bulk Data Operations
Unicode 6.2
Base64
Prepare for Modularization
Parameter Names
TLS Server Name Indication
Java 8
Nashorn
Fence Intrinsics
HTTP URL Permissions
Limited doPrivileged

JDK 8 - Highlights
• Lambda (AKA Closures)
– Largest update to the Java Language ever
• 10-30% Performance Improvement “normal” without
changing code for multicore systems/programs
• New APIs like Date and Time
• Nashorn – JavaScript engine for JVM
• Java Mission Control in JDK
reserved.
© 2014

Lambda Expressions
Some Details
• Lambda expressions represent anonymous functions
– Like a method, has a typed argument list, a return type, a set of
thrown exceptions, and a body
– Not associated with a class
• We now have parameterized behaviour, not just values
double highestScore = students.stream().
reserved.
filter(Student s -> s.getGradYear() == 2011)
mapToDouble(Student s -> s.getScore())
max();
What
How

New graphics stack - JavaFX
reserved.

JavaFX 8
3D Support
• Predefined shapes
– Box
– Cylinder
– Sphere
• User-defined shapes
– TriangleMesh, MeshView
• PhongMaterial
• Lighting
• Cameras
reserved.

reserved.
24
Creating Primitive Shapes and Materials

Using Java Mission Control
Another cool feature of Java SE Advanced

Built for monitoring, profiling and troubleshooting Java
applications, Java Mission Control consists of:
• JMX Console for monitoring JVM and application in real time
• Java Flight Recorder for collecting data about JVM and application
• Optional tools via plug-ins (e.g. heap dump analysis, DTrace recording)
reserved.
2
JVM
Java Mission Control
JMX Agent
MBean Server
VM Instrumentation App Instrumentation

Fun Facts about Flight Recorder:
• Almost unnoticeable impact on the performance of a Java application
running in the JVM (overhead is usually well below 1%)
• High-performance recording engine is built directly into the runtime
• Two JVM startup flags must be enabled on the JVM for which you want to
do flight recordings:
reserved.
2
-XX:+UnlockCommercialFeatures
-XX:+FlightRecorder

reserved.
Architects
Love Java

Its Huge, really huge!
• 97% of enterprise desktops run Java
• 1 billion Java downloads each year
• 9 million developers worldwide
• #1 programming language
• More than 3 billion devices are powered by Java
technology
reserved.

Open Standard
reserved.
• Java Community Process (JCP) established in 1998
• Establishes Standard Technical Specifications
• Uses Java Specification Requests (JSR)
– Specification
– Reference Implementation
– Technology Compatibility Kit (TCK)

Open Standard –
What it means to you
• No vendor lock-in
– Choose amongst many
– Or go Open Source
• Third-party Java API libraries
exist for virtually any purpose
• OpenJDK contributors
welcomed
reserved.

reserved.
Business People
Love Java

Free (Gratis)
No license cost for use in general purpose computers
• Lots of great goodness and updates available to the
world for no charge
• Deploy in as many servers and desktops as you want
without paying anything
reserved.

Competition Drives Innovation
JVM Performance improves continuously
• Collaborators on the Specification
• Competitors on the implementation
reserved.

WORA
Write once, run anywhere
• Same skills for mobile, server, client, and even
embedded
reserved.

Support and extra tools available
• Enterprise-grade support with long support timeline
available from Oracle
• Additional enterprise and advanced tools available for
licensing from Oracle: Java Advanced and Java Suite.
• Active developer community enables finding help online
for free if you don't want to purchase support
reserved.

Backed by Oracle
reserved.
• Oracle had a vested interest in Java long before it
acquired Sun
– We won’t -can’t- let it fail
• Resources at http://oracle.com/java8

reserved.

Safe Harbor Statement
The preceding is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for
information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a
commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon
in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or
functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.
39

Java 101

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