Java applets and working principles

Oct 26, 20171 like219 views

Applet is a special type of program that is embedded in the webpage to generate the dynamic content. It runs inside the browser and works at client side. http://www.thinkittraining.in/java-training

2
Introduction to Java Applet
Programs
 Applications are stand alone programs
 executed with Java interpreter

3
Java Applets
 Built using one of general definitions of
applets
 Applet class
 JAapplet class
 Java applets are usually graphical
 Draw graphics in a defined screen area
 Enable user interaction with GUI elements

4
Java Applet Classes
 Abstract Windowing Toolkit AWT
 Earlier versions of Java
 Applet class is one of the AWT components
 Java Foundation Classes JFC
 Extension to Java in 1997
 Has a collection of Swing components for
enhanced GUIs
 Swing component classes begin with J

5
Java Applets
 Applets are Java programs that can be
embedded in HTML documents
 To run an applet you must create a .html file which
references the applet
 Ready to Program also will run an applet
 When browser loads Web page containing
applet
 Applet downloads into Web browser
 begins execution
 Can be tested using appletviewer program

6
Contrast Application with Applet
Application Applet
•Object class extended
•Class not declared public
•Has a main()
•static keyword used
•Uses System.exit(1)
•JApplet class extended
•class declared to be public
•init() instead of main()
•init() not declared with static
keyword

7
Applet Declaration
 Syntax (note difference from application
declaration)
public class ClassName extends JAapplet
ClassName is an
object that will be a
subclass of JApplet

8
Body of an Applet
 Note there is no main() method in an
applet
 JApplet class provides other methods instead
of a main method
 First method executed is the init()
method

9
Applets
 Applet
 Program that runs in
• appletviewer (test utility for applets)
• Web browser (IE, Communicator)
 Executes when HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
document containing applet is opened
 Applications run in command windows

10
Applets and Web Pages –
HTML
 Applets embedded in a web page
 Executed when web page loaded by browser
 Web pages structured with HTML codes
 HyperText Mark-up Language
 Syntax
<command>
. . .
</command>
Turns format on
Turns the format off

11
Applets and Web Pages –
HTML
 Embedding Java applets
 Insert applet tags
<APPLET>
</APPLET>
 Call the specific applet by its file name
<APPLET CODE = "Whatever.class"
WIDTH = nnn HEIGHT = mmmm>
<APPLET>
Where nnn and mmm are specific pixel sizes

12
Applets and Web Pages –
HTML
 Create the web
page code using a
text editor
 Save it with an
.html suffix
 Open this file with
appletviewer or with
a web browser that
supports Java

13
Applets and Web Pages –
HTML
 Client Web browser anywhere can access
this web page from its host server
 Embedded Java applet runs on client
browser (of any type platform)

14
Thinking About Objects
 Java an object-oriented language
 However, Java has constructs from structured
programming
 Object orientation
 Natural way to think about world and writing computer
programs
• Object-oriented programming models the real world
 Attributes - properties of objects
• Size, shape, color, weight, etc.
 Behaviors - actions that objects can perform
• A ball rolls, bounces, inflates and deflates

15
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This document discusses Java applets, which are small programs that run within web browsers. It defines applets and compares them to applications. The document outlines the life cycle of an applet, including initialization, running, stopping, and cleanup. It also discusses signed versus unsigned applets and security restrictions placed on applets. Examples of applets are provided. Advantages of applets include cross-platform support and caching, while disadvantages include requiring the Java plugin and initial startup time.

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Java applets and working principles

1. Java Applets for begginers

2. 2 Introduction to Java Applet Programs  Applications are stand alone programs  executed with Java interpreter

3. 3 Java Applets  Built using one of general definitions of applets  Applet class  JAapplet class  Java applets are usually graphical  Draw graphics in a defined screen area  Enable user interaction with GUI elements

4. 4 Java Applet Classes  Abstract Windowing Toolkit AWT  Earlier versions of Java  Applet class is one of the AWT components  Java Foundation Classes JFC  Extension to Java in 1997  Has a collection of Swing components for enhanced GUIs  Swing component classes begin with J

5. 5 Java Applets  Applets are Java programs that can be embedded in HTML documents  To run an applet you must create a .html file which references the applet  Ready to Program also will run an applet  When browser loads Web page containing applet  Applet downloads into Web browser  begins execution  Can be tested using appletviewer program

6. 6 Contrast Application with Applet Application Applet •Object class extended •Class not declared public •Has a main() •static keyword used •Uses System.exit(1) •JApplet class extended •class declared to be public •init() instead of main() •init() not declared with static keyword

7. 7 Applet Declaration  Syntax (note difference from application declaration) public class ClassName extends JAapplet ClassName is an object that will be a subclass of JApplet

8. 8 Body of an Applet  Note there is no main() method in an applet  JApplet class provides other methods instead of a main method  First method executed is the init() method

9. 9 Applets  Applet  Program that runs in • appletviewer (test utility for applets) • Web browser (IE, Communicator)  Executes when HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) document containing applet is opened  Applications run in command windows

10. 10 Applets and Web Pages – HTML  Applets embedded in a web page  Executed when web page loaded by browser  Web pages structured with HTML codes  HyperText Mark-up Language  Syntax <command> . . . </command> Turns format on Turns the format off

11. 11 Applets and Web Pages – HTML  Embedding Java applets  Insert applet tags <APPLET> </APPLET>  Call the specific applet by its file name <APPLET CODE = "Whatever.class" WIDTH = nnn HEIGHT = mmmm> <APPLET> Where nnn and mmm are specific pixel sizes

12. 12 Applets and Web Pages – HTML  Create the web page code using a text editor  Save it with an .html suffix  Open this file with appletviewer or with a web browser that supports Java

13. 13 Applets and Web Pages – HTML  Client Web browser anywhere can access this web page from its host server  Embedded Java applet runs on client browser (of any type platform)

14. 14 Thinking About Objects  Java an object-oriented language  However, Java has constructs from structured programming  Object orientation  Natural way to think about world and writing computer programs • Object-oriented programming models the real world  Attributes - properties of objects • Size, shape, color, weight, etc.  Behaviors - actions that objects can perform • A ball rolls, bounces, inflates and deflates

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