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Intro to Java and the SDK Tools
Virtual Machine Operating System independence. Safe, well defined, operating environment. Portability Performance Issues
Objects, Objects, Objects In Java,  everything  is an Object. I lie! (primitive types are not objects) Java source code is based on classes in general: one public class defined in one file. There are many pre-defined classes too many ?!? almost everything is written in Java
OOP Development Object-Oriented  Components Formalized in J2EE - Java Beans Incremental Development Unified Modeling Language (UML)
Features Dynamic Memory Management garbage collection Threads, synchronization primitives Error handling (exceptions) Network support Security
Java vs. C++ Similar syntax/control structures. No preprocessor or include files. No pointers No global variables No struct or union types. All primitive types have well defined size.
More Java vs. C++ No operator overloading. Single inheritance only there is another approach used - interfaces. Error handling is well defined (and somewhat enforced!). No memory leaks!
and more… Safety designed in to the language and VM bytecode verification array access bounds checking security manager/ security policies
Performance Issues Using a VM is slower than compiling to  native  instructions. JIT compilers convert Java Bytecode to machine language. Safety/Security slow things down all array accesses require bounds check Many I/O operations require security checks
The big picture
Java Strengths Simplicity (the language itself) Networking Object model Graphical User Interface (GUI) programming Large and Very Large systems. Portable libraries
SDK Tools javac : the Java compiler.  Reads source code and generates bytecode. java : the Java interpreter Runs bytecode. jar : Java Archive utility javadoc : create documentation from code. jdb : Java debugger (command line). There are others…
The Java Compiler Usage:  javac  filename .java You can also do:  javac *.java Creates  filename .class  (if things work) Use "-g" to compile for use with the debugger.
The Java Interpreter Usage:  java  classname You tell the interpreter a class to run, not a file to run! It uses the CLASSPATH to find the named class. The named class should have a method with prototype like: public static void main()
jar Like Unix tar comand. Used to create (and extract from) an archive file: collection of files. compressed. Java can find classes (bytecode) that are stored in jar files.
jar usage To extract files: jar xf  filename. jar To list files: jar tf  filename. jar To create and archive: jar cf  filename. jar  file1 file2 dir1 dir2 …
javadoc Creates documentation from properly commented Java source code. The output of javadoc includes HTML files in the same format as the Java SDK documentation. we all need to get used to this format… learning to find and understand the  documentation on classes/methods is 1/2 of learning Java!
Using the tools We will look at these and other tools in more detail later… For now (HW1) we just need to be able to compile and execute a simple Java class.
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Java Intro

  • 1. Intro to Java and the SDK Tools
  • 2. Virtual Machine Operating System independence. Safe, well defined, operating environment. Portability Performance Issues
  • 3. Objects, Objects, Objects In Java, everything is an Object. I lie! (primitive types are not objects) Java source code is based on classes in general: one public class defined in one file. There are many pre-defined classes too many ?!? almost everything is written in Java
  • 4. OOP Development Object-Oriented Components Formalized in J2EE - Java Beans Incremental Development Unified Modeling Language (UML)
  • 5. Features Dynamic Memory Management garbage collection Threads, synchronization primitives Error handling (exceptions) Network support Security
  • 6. Java vs. C++ Similar syntax/control structures. No preprocessor or include files. No pointers No global variables No struct or union types. All primitive types have well defined size.
  • 7. More Java vs. C++ No operator overloading. Single inheritance only there is another approach used - interfaces. Error handling is well defined (and somewhat enforced!). No memory leaks!
  • 8. and more… Safety designed in to the language and VM bytecode verification array access bounds checking security manager/ security policies
  • 9. Performance Issues Using a VM is slower than compiling to native instructions. JIT compilers convert Java Bytecode to machine language. Safety/Security slow things down all array accesses require bounds check Many I/O operations require security checks
  • 11. Java Strengths Simplicity (the language itself) Networking Object model Graphical User Interface (GUI) programming Large and Very Large systems. Portable libraries
  • 12. SDK Tools javac : the Java compiler. Reads source code and generates bytecode. java : the Java interpreter Runs bytecode. jar : Java Archive utility javadoc : create documentation from code. jdb : Java debugger (command line). There are others…
  • 13. The Java Compiler Usage: javac filename .java You can also do: javac *.java Creates filename .class (if things work) Use "-g" to compile for use with the debugger.
  • 14. The Java Interpreter Usage: java classname You tell the interpreter a class to run, not a file to run! It uses the CLASSPATH to find the named class. The named class should have a method with prototype like: public static void main()
  • 15. jar Like Unix tar comand. Used to create (and extract from) an archive file: collection of files. compressed. Java can find classes (bytecode) that are stored in jar files.
  • 16. jar usage To extract files: jar xf filename. jar To list files: jar tf filename. jar To create and archive: jar cf filename. jar file1 file2 dir1 dir2 …
  • 17. javadoc Creates documentation from properly commented Java source code. The output of javadoc includes HTML files in the same format as the Java SDK documentation. we all need to get used to this format… learning to find and understand the documentation on classes/methods is 1/2 of learning Java!
  • 18. Using the tools We will look at these and other tools in more detail later… For now (HW1) we just need to be able to compile and execute a simple Java class.