Java lec class, objects and constructors

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This document discusses Java classes, objects, and constructors. It explains that a class contains instance variables and methods, and defines common behaviors for objects. An object is instantiated from a class using the new reserved word and can then access the class's instance variables and methods. The document provides an example of creating a Java class with an instance variable and method to demonstrate how objects are made from classes and can then access class members.

JAVA CLASSES, OBJECTS AND
CONSTRUCTORS
JAVA LECTURE
BY: LJRABOY

Object-Oriented Approach
• Class
– Instance variables – attributes of an object
– Methods – functions that manipulates objects
• Are subprograms
• Divide-and-conquer model
• One large programs – subdivide the program into smaller
subprograms
• Process needed in the program
• Methods are usually named using a action words such as
computeSum(), setValueOfX(), getValueOfY() and etc
– A user-defined method can be used after the declaration
of main() as a static method.
– Static method – does not need an object to access its
methods and instance variables.

Common example of methods
• main()
• System.out.println();
• JOptionPane.showMessageDialog();
• String str = JOptionPane.showInputDialog();
• Int y = Integer.parseInt(str);

The Class
• The class contains both the variables and its methods
• Class is represented by its own filename
• example of a declaration:
public class MyClass{
public static void main(String args *[])
{
}
}

The Class (cont)
• Is a general category of an object
• it contains the very common behavior of an
object.
• A class does not necessarily needs main()
because a class can be used in terms of using
objects. Together with its instance variables
and instance methods.

The Object
• Instantiate an object using a new reserved
word.
• So all the instance variables and instance
methods of the class can now be accessed by
an objects.
• This instance variables and methods can be
accessed using the dot “.” operator.
ObjectName.instance_Variable
ObjectName.instance_method()

Getting Started
• Creating a class
– Instance variables
– Instance methods

Example:
• Start with creating a new Java Basic
Application
• Name your class:
– Example: MyClassMain
– Select File, New  File

Inside MyOwnClass class
• Public  access modifier ,
can be accessed anywhere
in the package
• Reserved word class
• MyOwnClass  User-
defined class name
• public MyOwnClass(){
}  constructor
Constructor – used for
initialization

$Format of using a method public return_type methodname(parameters) { // body of the method } Where: public is an access modifier Return_type – any primitive type/class type Methodname – user-defined method name Parameters – optional, values to be passed to the method$

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Java lec class, objects and constructors

1. JAVA CLASSES, OBJECTS AND CONSTRUCTORS JAVA LECTURE BY: LJRABOY

2. Object-Oriented Approach • Class – Instance variables – attributes of an object – Methods – functions that manipulates objects • Are subprograms • Divide-and-conquer model • One large programs – subdivide the program into smaller subprograms • Process needed in the program • Methods are usually named using a action words such as computeSum(), setValueOfX(), getValueOfY() and etc – A user-defined method can be used after the declaration of main() as a static method. – Static method – does not need an object to access its methods and instance variables.

3. Common example of methods • main() • System.out.println(); • JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(); • String str = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(); • Int y = Integer.parseInt(str);

4. The Class • The class contains both the variables and its methods • Class is represented by its own filename • example of a declaration: public class MyClass{ public static void main(String args *[]) { } }

5. The Class (cont) • Is a general category of an object • it contains the very common behavior of an object. • A class does not necessarily needs main() because a class can be used in terms of using objects. Together with its instance variables and instance methods.

6. The Object • Instantiate an object using a new reserved word. • So all the instance variables and instance methods of the class can now be accessed by an objects. • This instance variables and methods can be accessed using the dot “.” operator. ObjectName.instance_Variable ObjectName.instance_method()

7. Getting Started • Creating a class – Instance variables – Instance methods

8. Example: • Start with creating a new Java Basic Application • Name your class: – Example: MyClassMain – Select File, New  File

9. Select Java Class

10. Provide another filename for your class

11. Two files for the project

12. Inside MyClassMain class

13. Inside MyOwnClass class • Public  access modifier , can be accessed anywhere in the package • Reserved word class • MyOwnClass  User- defined class name • public MyOwnClass(){ }  constructor Constructor – used for initialization

14. Modifying MyOwnClass

15. MyClassMain class

16. Format of using a method public return_type methodname(parameters) { // body of the method } Where: public is an access modifier Return_type – any primitive type/class type Methodname – user-defined method name Parameters – optional, values to be passed to the method

Java lec class, objects and constructors

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