Joins in SQL

Jun 24, 2014Download as PPT, PDF1 like8,630 views

Joins in SQL are used to combine data from two or more tables based on common columns between them. There are several types of joins, including inner joins, outer joins, and cross joins. Inner joins return rows that match between tables, outer joins return all rows including non-matching rows, and cross joins return the cartesian product between tables.

Join in SQL
• SQL Join is used to fetch data from two or more
tables, which is joined to appear as single set of
data.
• SQL Join is used for combining column from two
or more tables by using values common to both
tables.
• Join Keyword is used in SQL queries for joining
two or more tables.
• Minimum required condition for joining table, is
(n-1) where n, is number of tables.
• A table can also join to itself known as, Self Join.

INNER Join or EQUI Join
• This is a simple JOIN in which the result is based on
matched data as per the equality condition specified in
the query.
Syntax
SELECT column-name-list
from table-name1
INNER JOIN
table-name2
WHERE table-name1.column-name = table-
name2.column-name;

SELECT * from class, classinfo where
class.id = classinfo.id;
ID NAME
1 ABHI
2 ADAM
3 ALEX
4 ANU
ID Address
1 DELHI
2 MUMBAI
3 CHENNAI
ID NAME ID Address
1 ABHI 1 DELHI
2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI
3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI

Cross JOIN or Cartesian Product
• This type of JOIN returns the Cartesian product of rows
of from the tables in Join. It will return a table which
consists of records which combines each row from the
first table with each row of the second table.
Cross JOIN Syntax is,
SELECT column-name-list
from table-name1
CROSS JOIN
table-name2;

SELECT * from class, cross JOIN classinfo;
class classinfo
ID NAME
1 ABHI
2 ADAM
4 ALEX
ID Address
1 DELHI
2 MUMBAI
3 CHENNAI
ID NAME ID Address
1 ABHI 1 DELHI
2 ADAM 1 DELHI
4 ALEX 1 DELHI
1 ABHI 2 MUMBAI
2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI
4 ALEX 2 MUMBAI
1 ABHI 3 CHENNAI
2 ADAM 3 CHENNAI
4 ALEX 3 CHENNAI

Natural JOIN
• Natural Join is a type of Inner join which is
based on column having same name and same
data type present in both the tables to be
joined.
• Syntax
SELECT *
from table-name1
NATURAL JOIN
table-name2;

SELECT * from class NATURAL JOIN classinfo;
class classinfo
ID NAME
1 ABHI
2 ADAM
3 ALEX
4 ANU
ID Address
1 DELHI
2 MUMBAI
3 CHENNAI
ID NAME Address
1 ABHI DELHI
2 ADAM MUMBAI
3 ALEX CHENNAI

Outer JOIN
• Outer Join is based on both matched and
unmatched data.
Left Outer Join
Right Outer Join
Full Outer Join

Left Outer Join
• The left outer join returns a result table with the
matched data of two tables then remaining rows
of the left table and null for the right table's
column.
Syntax
SELECT column-name-list
from table-name1
LEFT OUTER JOIN
table-name2
on table-name1.column-name = table-name2.column-name;

SELECT * FROM class LEFT OUTER JOIN classinfo ON
(class.id=classinfo.id);
ID NAME
1 ABHI
2 ADAM
3 ALEX
4 ANU
5 ASHISH
ID NAME ID ADDRESS
1 ABHI 1 DELHI
2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI
3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI
4 ANU NULL NULL
5 ASHISH NULL NULL
ID Address
1 DELHI
2 MUMBAI
3 CHENNAI
7 NOIDA
8 PANIPAT

Right Outer Join
• The right outer join returns a result table with the
matched data of two tables then remaining rows
of the right table and null for the left table's
columns.
Syntax
select column-name-list
from table-name1
RIGHT OUTER JOIN
table-name2
on table-name1.column-name = table-name2.column-name;

select * from class right outer join
classinfo on (class.id=classinfo.id);
ID NAME
1 ABHI
2 ADAM
3 ALEX
4 ANU
5 ASHISH
ID ADDRESS
1 DELHI
2 MUMBAI
3 CHENNAI
7 NOIDA
8 PANIPAT
ID NAME ID ADDRESS
1 ABHI 1 DELHI
2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI
3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI
NULL NULL 7 NOIDA
NULL NULL 8 PANIPAT

Full Outer Join
• The full outer join returns a result table with the
matched data of two table then remaining rows
of both left table and then the right table.
Syntax
select column-name-list
from table-name1
FULL OUTER JOIN
table-name2
on table-name1.column-name = table-name2.column-name;

SELECT * FROM class FULL OUTER JOIN classinfo on
(class.id=classinfo.id);
ID NAME
1 ABHI
2 ADAM
3 ALEX
4 ANU
5 ASHISH
ID ADDRESS
1 DELHI
2 MUMBAI
3 CHENNAI
7 NOIDA
8 PANIPAT
ID NAME ID ADDRESS
1 ABHI 1 DELHI
2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI
3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI
4 ANU NULL NULL
5 ASHISH NULL NULL

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Joins in SQL

1. Joins Presented by, S.VIGNESHWARAN

2. Join in SQL • SQL Join is used to fetch data from two or more tables, which is joined to appear as single set of data. • SQL Join is used for combining column from two or more tables by using values common to both tables. • Join Keyword is used in SQL queries for joining two or more tables. • Minimum required condition for joining table, is (n-1) where n, is number of tables. • A table can also join to itself known as, Self Join.

3. Types of Join Inner Outer Left Right

4. INNER Join or EQUI Join • This is a simple JOIN in which the result is based on matched data as per the equality condition specified in the query. Syntax SELECT column-name-list from table-name1 INNER JOIN table-name2 WHERE table-name1.column-name = table- name2.column-name;

5. SELECT * from class, classinfo where class.id = classinfo.id; ID NAME 1 ABHI 2 ADAM 3 ALEX 4 ANU ID Address 1 DELHI 2 MUMBAI 3 CHENNAI ID NAME ID Address 1 ABHI 1 DELHI 2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI 3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI

6. Cross JOIN or Cartesian Product • This type of JOIN returns the Cartesian product of rows of from the tables in Join. It will return a table which consists of records which combines each row from the first table with each row of the second table. Cross JOIN Syntax is, SELECT column-name-list from table-name1 CROSS JOIN table-name2;

7. SELECT * from class, cross JOIN classinfo; class classinfo ID NAME 1 ABHI 2 ADAM 4 ALEX ID Address 1 DELHI 2 MUMBAI 3 CHENNAI ID NAME ID Address 1 ABHI 1 DELHI 2 ADAM 1 DELHI 4 ALEX 1 DELHI 1 ABHI 2 MUMBAI 2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI 4 ALEX 2 MUMBAI 1 ABHI 3 CHENNAI 2 ADAM 3 CHENNAI 4 ALEX 3 CHENNAI

8. Natural JOIN • Natural Join is a type of Inner join which is based on column having same name and same data type present in both the tables to be joined. • Syntax SELECT * from table-name1 NATURAL JOIN table-name2;

9. SELECT * from class NATURAL JOIN classinfo; class classinfo ID NAME 1 ABHI 2 ADAM 3 ALEX 4 ANU ID Address 1 DELHI 2 MUMBAI 3 CHENNAI ID NAME Address 1 ABHI DELHI 2 ADAM MUMBAI 3 ALEX CHENNAI

10. Outer JOIN • Outer Join is based on both matched and unmatched data. Left Outer Join Right Outer Join Full Outer Join

11. Left Outer Join • The left outer join returns a result table with the matched data of two tables then remaining rows of the left table and null for the right table's column. Syntax SELECT column-name-list from table-name1 LEFT OUTER JOIN table-name2 on table-name1.column-name = table-name2.column-name;

12. SELECT * FROM class LEFT OUTER JOIN classinfo ON (class.id=classinfo.id); ID NAME 1 ABHI 2 ADAM 3 ALEX 4 ANU 5 ASHISH ID NAME ID ADDRESS 1 ABHI 1 DELHI 2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI 3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI 4 ANU NULL NULL 5 ASHISH NULL NULL ID Address 1 DELHI 2 MUMBAI 3 CHENNAI 7 NOIDA 8 PANIPAT

13. Right Outer Join • The right outer join returns a result table with the matched data of two tables then remaining rows of the right table and null for the left table's columns. Syntax select column-name-list from table-name1 RIGHT OUTER JOIN table-name2 on table-name1.column-name = table-name2.column-name;

14. select * from class right outer join classinfo on (class.id=classinfo.id); ID NAME 1 ABHI 2 ADAM 3 ALEX 4 ANU 5 ASHISH ID ADDRESS 1 DELHI 2 MUMBAI 3 CHENNAI 7 NOIDA 8 PANIPAT ID NAME ID ADDRESS 1 ABHI 1 DELHI 2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI 3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI NULL NULL 7 NOIDA NULL NULL 8 PANIPAT

15. Full Outer Join • The full outer join returns a result table with the matched data of two table then remaining rows of both left table and then the right table. Syntax select column-name-list from table-name1 FULL OUTER JOIN table-name2 on table-name1.column-name = table-name2.column-name;

16. SELECT * FROM class FULL OUTER JOIN classinfo on (class.id=classinfo.id); ID NAME 1 ABHI 2 ADAM 3 ALEX 4 ANU 5 ASHISH ID ADDRESS 1 DELHI 2 MUMBAI 3 CHENNAI 7 NOIDA 8 PANIPAT ID NAME ID ADDRESS 1 ABHI 1 DELHI 2 ADAM 2 MUMBAI 3 ALEX 3 CHENNAI 4 ANU NULL NULL 5 ASHISH NULL NULL

Joins in SQL

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Joins in SQL