JSF basics

JavaServer Faces
pFEW Team
Web Technologies – Prof. Dr. Ulrik Schroeder – WS 2011/121
The slides are licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

Overview
 Introduction to JSF
 JSF architecture
 JSF components
 Developers Roles
 JSF lifecycle
 Code basics
 Security
 External libraries
 Demo
 Conclusion
 Links
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Introduction
What is JSF?
 Component-oriented user interface (UI) framework
 Client-server technology
 Part of the standard Java EE platform
Developed through:
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Introduction
JSF versions
 JSF 1.0 (2004-03-11): initial release
 JSF 1.1 (2004-05-27): bug fix release
 JSF 1.2 (2006-05-11): improvements to core systems and
APIs. Coincides with Java EE 5.
 JSF 2.0 (2009-06-28): major release for ease of use,
enhanced functionality, and performance. Coincides
with Java EE 6. Faceletes as the official view technology
 JSF 2.1 (2010-10-22): current version
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Introduction
Why JSF?
 Based on MVC pattern
 Clean separation of developer roles
 Built-in UI component model (unlike JSP and Servlet)
 Events-based interaction model (as opposed to the old
“request/response” model)
 Safe state of ist components
 Device independence
 Large industry support
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JSF Architecture
MVC
 Model: JavaBeans
 View: JSF Pages
 Controller: FacesServlet
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JSF Architecture
JavaBeans
 Declaration in faces-config.xml or via annotations
 Coupled to user interface with Expression Language
 Property updates/invoking of new methods are handled
automatically
FacesServlet
 Provided by implementation
 Handles all Faces requests
 Uses rules for routing the requests (faces-config.xml)
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JSF Architecture
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JSF Pages
Faceletes
 Easy component/tag
creation using XML markup
 Page templating
 Reduces time and effort for
development and
deployment
 .xhtml
JSP
 Easy component/tag
creation using XML
markup
 JSP page is processed in
one pass from top to
bottom
 .jsp

JSF components
Main components of JSF
 UI components
 Render
 Validator
 Backing beans
 Converter
 Events and event listeners
 Messages
 Navigation
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Developer roles
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Request Processing Life Cycle Scenarios
 Faces response
A servlet response that was created by the execution of the Render Response
Phase of the request processing life cycle.
 Non-Faces response
A servlet response that was not created by the execution of the render
response phase.
 Faces request
A servlet request that was sent from a previously generated Faces response.
 Non-Faces request
A servlet request that was sent to an application component, such as a servlet
or JSP page, rather than directed to a JavaServer Faces component tree.
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Request Processing Life Cycle Scenarios
Three possible life cycle scenarios for a JavaServer Faces
application:
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Request Processing Lifecycle
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Code basics
Development steps
1. Develop model objects which hold the data
2. Add model objects declarations to
Application Configuration File faces-config.xml
3. Create Pages using UI component and core tags
4. Define Page Navigation in faces-config.xml
5. Configure web.xml
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JSF UI Component: textbox
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JSF Custom validator
Enter your email :
<h:inputText id="email" value="#{user.email}" size="20" required="true" label="Email Address">
<f:validator validatorId="com.mkyong.EmailValidator" />
</h:inputText>
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JSF Custom converter
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Enter your bookmark URL :
<h:inputText id="bookmarkURL" value="#{user.bookmarkURL}" size="20" required="true"
label="Bookmark URL">
<f:converter converterId="com.mkyong.URLConverter" />
</h:inputText>

JSF Logon backing bean
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<managed-bean>
<managed-bean-name>Logon</managed-bean-name>
<managed-bean-class>pagecode.Logon</managed-bean-class>
<managed-bean-scope>request</managed-bean-scope>
</managed-bean>

JSF Event Handler
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JSF Messages
 JSF page
<h:panelGrid columns="3">
Enter your username :
<h:inputText id="username„
value="#{user.username}"
size="20" required="true"
label="UserName" >
<f:validateLength minimum="5" maximum="10" />
</h:inputText>
<h:message for="username" style="color:red" />
Enter your age :
<h:inputText id="age" value="#{user.age}" size="20" required="true" label="Age" >
<f:validateLongRange for="age" minimum="1" maximum="200" />
</h:inputText>
<h:message for="age" style="color:red" />
</h:panelGrid>
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JSF Navigation
JSF Navigation Model
 Rules are managed in faces-config.xml
 Possible to put the navigation information
directly in the page
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Example

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$sql="SELECT id FROM admin
WHERE
username='$myusername' and
passcode='$mypassword'";
$result=mysql_query($sql);
$row=mysql_fetch_array($result);
$active=$row['active'];
$count=mysql_num_rows($result);
Security
 Access to source code
<script type="text/javascript"
src="
/brain/javax.faces.resource/jquery/ui/j
"></script>

SessionScoped
import javax.faces.bean.SessionScoped;
... @SessionScoped
public class UserBean implements Serializable {...}
RequestScoped
ApplicationScoped
@ManagedBean(eager=true)
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Bean’s Lifetime

Authentication
 Declarative security
<auth-constraint> </auth-constraint>
 Extended security
<application>
<action-listener>
br.com.globalcode.jsf.security.SecureActionListener
</action-listener>
<navigation-handler>
br.com.globalcode.jsf.security.SecureNavigationHandler
</navigation-handler>
</application>
@SecurityRoles("customer-admin-adv, root")
public String delete() {
System.out.println("I'm a protected method!");
return "delete-customer";
} Web Technologies24

 Acegi (Spring)
<filter> <filter-name> Acegi Filter Chain Proxy</filter-name>
<filter-class> org.acegisecurity.util.FilterToBeanProxy </filter-class>
<init-param> <param-name>targetClass</param-name>
<param-value> org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy </param-value> </init-param></filter>
 JBoss Seam
<exception class="org.jboss.seam.security.NotLoggedInException" log="false">
<redirect view-id="/register.xhtml">
<message severity="warn">You must be a member to use this feature</message>
</redirect>
</exception>
 Java Server Faces Security Extensions
<application>
<property-resolver>com.groundside.jsf.securityresolver.SecurityPropertyResolver</property-
resolver>
<variable-resolver>com.groundside.jsf.securityresolver.SecurityVariableResolver </variable-
resolver>
</application>
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Authentication

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External Libraries

Comparison of JSF and JavaScript
JavaScript: client side technology
JSF: client-server side technology
Using JSF takes more time, because it needs to have stable
connection with server.
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Pros and cons of JSF
Many implementation providers
(Oracle, IBM, JBoss)
Lack of client-side validation
JSF allows you to create reusable
components, thereby increasing
productivity
Undeveloped tool support
(NetBeans and Eclipse 3.6.)
Many ready to use components from
major developers: Apache, Richfaces,
Infragistics, Oracle, etc.
JSF only comes with validators for missing
values, length of input, and numbers in a
given range
Excellent implementation of the validators
and converters concepts. Unlike Struts, JSF
stores the validation logic in close
proximity of the component description
Different JavaScript implementation of
Ajax in every browser with different bugs
and different proprietary extensions
A well-designed action listeners concept Overloaded client-server communication
Injected into the components of JavaScript
code and excellent support for Ajax
Hard to develop efficient application, has
to change standard components
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Demo
 Cinema project with JSF and GAE technologies
 Contain of server part – dealing with database
 Facade class is used to access server
 JSF beans provide client functionality on java
 Full version: http://memo-ry.appspot.com
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ORM
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 Object-relational mapping: a programming technique for
converting data between incompatible type systems in OOP
languages.
 Java Data Objects (JDO): specification of Java object
persistence. One of its features is a transparency of the
persistent services to the domain model. JDO persistent
objects are ordinary Java programming language classes
(POJOs).
 Java Persistence API (JPA): Java programming language
framework managing relational data in applications using Java
SE and Java EE.
Taken from Wiki

UI
 App engine is not working with java 1.7
 Be aware when you are deploying it
 Database uses data nucleolus enhancer, which is not present
in 1.7
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Cinema management
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Movie management
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Reservation management
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JSF bean
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@ManagedBean // defines a bean for JSF
@ApplicationScoped // scope of the bean
public class ReserveManagerBean implements Serializable
{…}
public ReserveManagerBean();
// constructor for the bean, don’t mix up with page crating or accessing
public void updateMovies(ValueChangeEvent event);
//listener for the selectOneMenu, when cinema is selected
public void setupMovie(ValueChangeEvent event);
// listener for the selectOneMenu, when movie is selected
public void save(ActionEvent event);
//listener to the dialog button, to save new reservation
private void refreshNames();
//internal function, reshreshing data from the DB, as it can be changes
by //another user in any time, also on the web page
Methods

Bean attributes
 private Facade façade; // access to the server part
 private Key id; // reservation key, will be show in the dialog window
 private String time; // reservation time
 private int numberOfTickets; //reservation time
 private String clientName; // client name for reservation
 private String clientEmail; // client email for reservation
 private String cinemaName; // cinema name for reservation
 private String movieName; // movie name for reservation
 private Cinema cinema; // respective cinema object, to the selected cinema name by user
 private Movie movie; // respective movie object, to the selected movie name by user
 private String[] cinemaNames; // array of accessible cinema names, shown in the select box
 private List<Cinema> cinemas; // list of all cinemas objects
 private String[] movieNames; // array of accessible movie names, shown in the select box
 private List<Movie> movies; // list of all movie objects in selected cinema
 private Reservation newReservation // saves created reservation
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Reservation form
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<h:form id="book">
<h:panelGrid id="display" columns="2" cellpadding="4">
<h:outputText value="Cinema: *" />
<h:selectOneMenu value="#{reserveManagerBean.cinemaName}"
update="display"
onchange="submit()"
valueChangeListener="#{reserveManagerBean.updateMovies}">
<f:selectItems value="#{reserveManagerBean.cinemaNames}”/>
</h:selectOneMenu>
<h:outputText value="Movie: *" />
<h:selectOneMenu value="#{reserveManagerBean.movieName}”
update="display"
onchange="submit()"
valueChangeListener="#{reserveManagerBean.setupMovie}">
<f:selectItems value="#{reserveManagerBean.movieNames}" />
</h:selectOneMenu>
<h:outputText value="Client Name:" />
<p:inputText value="#{reserveManagerBean.clientName}"/>
<h:outputText value="Client Email: *" />
<p:inputText value="#{reserveManagerBean.clientEmail}" required="true"/>
<h:outputText value="Time: *"/>
<p:inputText value="#{reserveManagerBean.time}" required="true"/>
<h:outputText value="Number of tickets: *" />
<p:inputText value="#{reserveManagerBean.numberOfTickets}" required="true"/>
</h:panelGrid>

Set up movie method
JSF bean method
public void setupMovie(ValueChangeEvent event) {
this.movieName = (String) event.getNewValue();
for (int i = 0; i < this.movieNames.length; i++)
if (this.movieName.equals(movieNames[i])) {
this.movie = this.movies.get(i);
}
}
JSF page
<h:outputText value="Movie: *" />
<h:selectOneMenu value="#{reserveManagerBean.movieName}”
update="display"
onchange="submit()"
valueChangeListener="#{reserveManagerBean.setupMovie}">
<f:selectItems value="#{reserveManagerBean.movieNames}" />
</h:selectOneMenu>
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Links to other pages
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<h:panelGrid id="navi" columns="5" cellpadding="4">
<p:commandButton value="Save reservation" update="book,display"
actionListener="#{reserveManagerBean.save}“
oncomplete="confirmation.show()"/>
<p:button value="Movie management" outcome="movie" />
<p:button value="Reservation management" outcome="reservation" />
<p:button value="Cinema management" outcome="cinema" />
</h:panelGrid>

Dialog window
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<p:confirmDialog message="Your booking Id is" width="500“
showEffect="explode" hideEffect="explode"
header="Confirm" severity="alert“
widgetVar="confirmation">
<h:panelGrid id="navi" columns="1" cellpadding="4">
<h:outputText value="#{reserveManagerBean.id}"/>
<p:commandButton value="Remembered"
onclick="confirmation.hide()“
type="button" />
</h:panelGrid>
</p:confirmDialog>
public void save(ActionEvent event) {
this.newReservation = this.facade.addReservation(movie, time,
clientName, clientEmail, numberOfTickets);
this.clientEmail = "";
this.clientName = "";
this.time = "";
this.numberOfTickets = 0;
this.id = this.newReservation.getId();
}

Conclusion
JSF
 Standard Java component-oriented UI framework
 Clien-server technology
 Current version: JSF 2.1 (2010)
 MVC architecture
 Allows different View technologies (Facelets, JSP, …)
 Event-based
 Suggest developer roles
 Device independent
 Easy to use
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Links
Get Started Links
 http://www.mkyong.com/tutorials/jsf-2-0-tutorials/
 http://www.coreservlets.com/JSF-Tutorial/jsf2/
 http://www.jsftutorials.net/
 http://www.infosun.fim.uni-
passau.de/cb/Kurse/sep_ss11/download/jsp-2.2-mr-spec.pdf
 http://www.javaserverfaces.org/
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Links
Literature for demo
 https://sites.google.com/a/wildstartech.com/adventures-in-java/Java-Platform-
Enterprise-Edition/JavaServer-Faces/javaserver-faces-20/configuring-javaserver-
faces-20-to-run-on-the-google-appengine/javaserverfaces-20-and-google-app-
engine-compatibility-issues
 http://primefaces-rocks.appspot.com/ui/home.jsf - Primefaces on GAE
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-jsp-135919.html - JDO manual
http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/ - GAE manual
http://memo-ry.appspot.com – deployed example
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External Libraries
 PrimeFaces; http://www.primefaces.org/
 MyFaces; http://myfaces.apache.org/
 Tomahawk; http://myfaces.apache.org/tomahawk/
 Trinidad; http://myfaces.apache.org/trinidad/
 Tobago; http://myfaces.apache.org/tobago/
 Orchestra;http://myfaces.apache.org/orchestra/
 ICEFaces; http://www.icefaces.org/main/home/
 OpenFaces; http://openfaces.org/
 RichFaces; http://www.jboss.org/richfaces
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Links

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