Design thinking is an iterative process that involves empathizing with users, defining problems from their perspective, ideating solutions, prototyping ideas, and testing prototypes with users. It focuses on understanding user needs through observation and interviews to identify root problems. Potential solutions are then explored through brainstorming techniques and low-fidelity prototyping before gathering user feedback through testing techniques like card sorting and the "Wizard of Oz" method to further refine solutions. The goal is to generate a wide range of ideas and learn through iterative prototyping and user testing.
This document discusses transforming open government data from Romania into linked open data. It begins with background on linked data and open data initiatives. Then it describes efforts to model, transform, link, and publish Romanian open data as linked open data. This includes identifying common vocabularies and properties, creating URIs, linking to external datasets like DBPedia, and publishing the linked data for use in applications via a SPARQL endpoint. Overall the goal is to make this data more accessible and interoperable through semantic web standards.
Ce mă fac când o să fiu mare - optiuni pentru o cariera in ITVlad Posea
Care sunt posibilele trasee pe care le pot urma absolventii unei facultati de IT. Tipuri de joburi, cerinte, domenii si tipuri de companii. Trasee propuse pentru un student din anii mici
The document discusses the social semantic web, which aims to interconnect social web platforms using semantic technologies. It describes how people interact and share content on the social web through activities like creating content, tagging content, stating relationships, and exchanging messages. It outlines some limitations of isolated social platforms and databases. It also covers folksonomies for representing user-generated tags, and vocabularies like SIOC, FOAF, and MOAT that can be used to semantically describe social web data. Finally, it proposes a vision for semantic social web tools to provide personalized learning recommendations and connections by leveraging social relationships and feedback.
This document provides an introduction to HTML5 and outlines the structure and key elements of an HTML5 document. It discusses the main sections (<head> and <body>), common text formatting elements (<p>, <br>, <hr>, etc.), links (<a>), lists (<ul>, <ol>, <li>), images (<img>), tables (<table>, <tr>, <td>), and forms (<form>, <input>, <textarea>, <label>). It emphasizes using semantic tags appropriately and following best practices for readable and accessible code. The goal is to teach the basics of HTML5 structure and tags to begin building web pages.
The document discusses usability and accessibility on the web. It covers topics like usability, navigation, conventions used for navigation, home page objectives, and the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. WCAG 2.0 provides recommendations for making web content accessible to people with disabilities, including visual, auditory, physical, cognitive and neurological impairments. The guidelines are grouped by priority and cover objectives like ensuring information is perceivable, interface components are operable, and the interface and content are understandable. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate the guidelines.
The document provides an introduction to JavaScript, including:
1) Why JavaScript was created, its syntax, and how to include it in HTML documents.
2) How JavaScript objects work and some predefined JavaScript objects like Math, String, and Array.
3) Examples of JavaScript functions, strings, and how to manipulate elements using the DOM.
4) JavaScript events and how code can run when events occur on HTML elements.
5) Methods for accessing and modifying DOM elements directly through properties, IDs, and collections.
This document provides an overview of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) including what CSS is, the different levels at which CSS can be defined, CSS syntax, using colors in CSS, and examples of how to style text, lists, padding, margins, and tables using CSS. It recommends defining styles in external CSS files and linking to them via HTML for maintenance purposes. It also provides resources for learning more about CSS properties and values.
The document provides an introduction to HTML and XHTML, covering key topics like document structure, headings, paragraphs, links, images, tables, forms, and other important tags. It explains concepts like the head and body sections, empty elements, attributes, and special characters. Examples are given for many common elements to demonstrate how to properly structure an XHTML document and add different types of content.
Introduction to Web Programming - first courseVlad Posea
The document provides an introduction to a web programming course, outlining its objectives, what students will learn, and how they will be evaluated. Key points covered include:
- Students will understand web applications and develop basic skills in HTML, CSS, JavaScript.
- Evaluation will be based on exam scores, lab work, and individual study demonstrating understanding and skills.
- The course will cover the history of the web, how the HTTP protocol works, and core frontend technologies.
Aplicații Web Semantice - Descriere ProiectVlad Posea
The document outlines the steps for developing a semantic web application, from extracting data from public websites and describing it using ontologies, to linking the data to other datasets and creating a SPARQL endpoint to query the semantic repository. As an example, it describes extracting artist data from the BBC Music website and MusicBrainz to create linked data about artists, songs, and records that can be queried. The goal is to understand the milestones in the semantic web application development process and how each step builds upon the previous ones.
Prezentare facuta in fata studentilor de la ACS, UPB de fosti stagiari la Google si Nokia. Scopul prezentarii este de a populariza ideea de stagiu si de a-i face pe studenti sa inteleaga ca aceste tipuri de stagii le sunt accesibile
This document provides an introduction to HTML5 and outlines the structure and key elements of an HTML5 document. It discusses the main sections (<head> and <body>), common text formatting elements (<p>, <br>, <hr>, etc.), links (<a>), lists (<ul>, <ol>, <li>), images (<img>), tables (<table>, <tr>, <td>), and forms (<form>, <input>, <textarea>, <label>). It emphasizes using semantic tags appropriately and following best practices for readable and accessible code. The goal is to teach the basics of HTML5 structure and tags to begin building web pages.
The document discusses usability and accessibility on the web. It covers topics like usability, navigation, conventions used for navigation, home page objectives, and the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. WCAG 2.0 provides recommendations for making web content accessible to people with disabilities, including visual, auditory, physical, cognitive and neurological impairments. The guidelines are grouped by priority and cover objectives like ensuring information is perceivable, interface components are operable, and the interface and content are understandable. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate the guidelines.
The document provides an introduction to JavaScript, including:
1) Why JavaScript was created, its syntax, and how to include it in HTML documents.
2) How JavaScript objects work and some predefined JavaScript objects like Math, String, and Array.
3) Examples of JavaScript functions, strings, and how to manipulate elements using the DOM.
4) JavaScript events and how code can run when events occur on HTML elements.
5) Methods for accessing and modifying DOM elements directly through properties, IDs, and collections.
This document provides an overview of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) including what CSS is, the different levels at which CSS can be defined, CSS syntax, using colors in CSS, and examples of how to style text, lists, padding, margins, and tables using CSS. It recommends defining styles in external CSS files and linking to them via HTML for maintenance purposes. It also provides resources for learning more about CSS properties and values.
The document provides an introduction to HTML and XHTML, covering key topics like document structure, headings, paragraphs, links, images, tables, forms, and other important tags. It explains concepts like the head and body sections, empty elements, attributes, and special characters. Examples are given for many common elements to demonstrate how to properly structure an XHTML document and add different types of content.
Introduction to Web Programming - first courseVlad Posea
The document provides an introduction to a web programming course, outlining its objectives, what students will learn, and how they will be evaluated. Key points covered include:
- Students will understand web applications and develop basic skills in HTML, CSS, JavaScript.
- Evaluation will be based on exam scores, lab work, and individual study demonstrating understanding and skills.
- The course will cover the history of the web, how the HTTP protocol works, and core frontend technologies.
Aplicații Web Semantice - Descriere ProiectVlad Posea
The document outlines the steps for developing a semantic web application, from extracting data from public websites and describing it using ontologies, to linking the data to other datasets and creating a SPARQL endpoint to query the semantic repository. As an example, it describes extracting artist data from the BBC Music website and MusicBrainz to create linked data about artists, songs, and records that can be queried. The goal is to understand the milestones in the semantic web application development process and how each step builds upon the previous ones.
Prezentare facuta in fata studentilor de la ACS, UPB de fosti stagiari la Google si Nokia. Scopul prezentarii este de a populariza ideea de stagiu si de a-i face pe studenti sa inteleaga ca aceste tipuri de stagii le sunt accesibile
1. JSON
JSON – JavaScript Object Notation reprezintă un format folosit pentru schimbul de
informa ii (într-un mod oareacum similar cu XML, este o nota ie care descrie felul în care
sunt încapsulate obiecte precum stringuri, numere, array-uri dupa reguli bine stabilite).
Formatul JSON a fost definit în RFC 4627 de Douglas Crockford.
De ce a fost necesară apari ia unei noi nota ii ?
Odată cu creşterea popularită ii AJAX şi a serviciilor web, aplica iile web au început
să se bazeze din ce în ce mai mult pe Javascript pentru a intermedia transferul de informa ii
dintre client şi server precum şi pentru interpretarea răspunsurilor primite de la server.
Aceste informa ii puteau fi trimise fie text fie în format XML. XML-ul nefiind un format
nativ JavaScript, este nevoie de parsarea acestuia pentru extragerea datelor, însemnând un set
de functii in plus şi mărirea timpulului de procesare.
JSON este în schimb perfect compatibil cu JavaScript şi nu necesită parsare pentru a
putea fi interpretat. Stringul primit de la server poate fi păstrat în interiorul codului
JavaScript al paginii şi nu trebuie decat evaluat (cu functia eval()) si este automat transformat
in variabila, nefiind necesara folosirea niciunei librarii externe. Functia eval() executa stringul
dat ca parametru ca si cum ar fi cod JavaScript.
Cum se foloseşte această nota ie?
Tipurile de date care pot fi reprezentate folosind JSON sunt :
• Number (integer, real, sau float)
• String ( Unicode, între “ şi având ca şi caracter de backslash)
• Boolean
• Array (secven ă ordonată de valori, separată prin virgule şi inclusă între paranteze
pătrate)
• Object ( colec ie de perechi cheie:valoare, separată prin virgule şi inclusă între
accolade)
• null
Exemplu de obiect reprezentat folosind JSON – obiectul descrie o persoană , având numele
şi prenumele câmpuri de tip string, adresa un alt obiect iar ca număr de telefon un Array de
numere de telefon
{
"firstName": "John",
"lastName": "Smith",
"address": {
"streetAddress": "21 2nd Street",
"city": "New York",
"state": "NY",
"postalCode": 10021
},
"phoneNumbers": [
"212 555-1234",
"646 555-4567"
]
2. }
Textul de mai sus poate fi păstrat ca o variabilă de tip string (să zicem cu numele contact).
Deoarece JSON este un subset al nota iei JavaScript, acest obiect poate fi recreat cu uşurin ă
folosind un apel al func iei eval().
var p = eval('(' + contact + ')');
Astfeul campurile acestui obiect devin uşor accesibile - p.firstName, p.address.city,
p.phoneNumbers[0].În general eval() ar trebui folosit pentru parsarea JSON doar dacă
sursa acestuia este sigură. pPentru a evita problemele de securitate precum code injection se
recomandă validarea stringului JSON folosind expresii regulate sau parsere pentru procesare.
RFC-ul JSON recomandă folosirea următorului cod pentru a valida JSON înainte de a aplica
eval (variabila text reprezintă stringul JSON)
var my_JSON_object = !(/[^,:{}[]0-9.-+Eaeflnr-u nrt]/.test(
text.replace(/"(.|[^"])*"/g, ''))) &&
eval('(' + text + ')');
Cum poate fi folosit JSON în paginile web?
Una din metode este folosirea JSON cu AJAX ca modalitate de încapsulare a datelor primite
de la server.
Exemplu
var the_object;//obiectul Javascript in care vom pastra raspunsul JSON
var http_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
http_request.open( "GET", url, true );
http_request.onreadystatechange = function () {
if ( http_request.readyState == 4 ) {
if ( http_request.status == 200 ) {
//populam obiectul cu răspunsul de la server
the_object = eval( "(" + http_request.responseText + ")" );
} else {
alert( "There was a problem with the URL." );
}
http_request = null;
}
};
O altă metoda o reprezintă includerea în pagină a datelor JSON folosind taguri dinamice
<script> .
Asemănări între JSON şi XML
1. Formate uşor de citit şi în eles
2. Nota ii ierarhice
3. Pot fi parsate şi utilizate în combina ie cu un număr mare de limbaje de programare
4. Pot fi folosite cu AJAX
Exemplu