Embedded Recipes 2017 - An easy-to-install real world embedded Linux distribution. - Christophe Blaess

Oct 7, 20172 likes494 views

Atom Linux is an open source project still in early starting phase. Its purpose is to give the user a way to easily create a robust and secure embedded Linux system. The user downloads a bootstrap image, then configures the utilities (servers…) and libraries needed by its custom code. Except its own code, he doesn’t need to do any compilation, the system automatically downloads prebuilt packages from the Atom Linux server. The Atom Linux system is built with robustness and security in mind. Among other features, it provides secured multi-partitioned update system and power supply fault tolerance. Christophe BLAESS, Logilin

Christophe BLAESS
https://www.blaess.fr/christophe
christophe.blaess@logilin.fr
twitter: @chrisblaess
https://www.logilin.fr

Agenda
● Who needs Atom Linux?
● What does it provide?
● How does Atom Linux work?
● What is already done?
● What are the next steps?
● How can I contribute?
● What is the Atom Linux project?
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 2/11

What is the Atom Linux project?
Binary distribution
Easy to use
Industrial grade embedded system
Open source
https://github.com/AtomLinux
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 3/11

Who needs Atom Linux?
Embedded Linux project
Poor embedded Linux knowledge
Low interest into Linux internals
Small companies
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 4/11

What does Atom Linux provide ?
Easy to use interface for configuration
Easy integration of custom code
Industrial embedded system
Secure update system (rollback, factory default)
Power failure proof (read only rootfs, data backup)
No compilation for the base system
Simple HMI for configuration
Custom repository
Toolchain available in a VM
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 5/11

How does Atom Linux work?
The user installs the configuration tool
The user configures the base image
The user downloads a base image for his target
Network parameters...
Custom repository location
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 6/11

How does Atom Linux work?
At first boot, the system does an update
The new image is stored in the user's repository
Apart from the base image, the configuration tool
creates a new root filesystem including :
- prebuilt packages
- user custom code
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 7/11

What is already done?
The U-boot and shell scripts for update
The base image builder works
First ugly version of the configuration tool (Qt)
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 8/11

What are the next steps?
Write a easy to use configuration tool
Package integration script
Build packages base
Convert the base image builder to a Yocto layer
Release Atom Linux v. 0.1
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 9/11

How can I contribute?
Embedded oriented tasks (scripts...)
Design a decent web site - http://www.atom-linux.net
<contact@atom-linux.net>
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 10/11
Port and test base image on different boards
Design and write a easy to use configuration tool.

Thank you!
Questions?
The Atom Linux Project – Embedded Recipes – Paris 2017. 11/11

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GNU poke is a new interactive editor for binary data. Not limited to editing basic ntities such as bits and bytes, it provides a full-fledged procedural, interactive programming language designed to describe data structures and to operate on them. Once a user has defined a structure for binary data (usually matching some file format) she can search, inspect, create, shuffle and modify abstract entities such as ELF relocations, MP3 tags, DWARF expressions, partition table entries, and so on, with primitives resembling simple editing of bits and bytes. The program comes with a library of already written descriptions (or “pickles” in poke parlance) for many binary formats. GNU poke is useful in many domains. It is very well suited to aid in the development of programs that operate on binary files, such as assemblers and linkers. This was in fact the primary inspiration that brought me to write it: easily injecting flaws into ELF files in order to reproduce toolchain bugs. Also, due to its flexibility, poke is also very useful for reverse engineering, where the real structure of the data being edited is discovered by experiment, interactively. It is also good for the fast development of prototypes for programs like linkers, compressors or filters, and it provides a convenient foundation to write other utilities such as diff and patch tools for binary files. This talk (unlike Gaul) is divided into four parts. First I will introduce the program and show what it does: from simple bits/bytes editing to user-defined structures. Then I will show some of the internals, and how poke is implemented. The third block will cover the way of using Poke to describe user data, which is to say the art of writing “pickles”. The presentation ends with a status of the project, a call for hackers, and a hint at future works. Jose E. Marchesi

Kernel Recipes 2019 - Analyzing changes to the binary interface exposed by th...Anne Nicolas

Operating system distributors often face challenges that are somewhat different from that of upstream kernel developers. For instance, some kernel updates often need to stay at least binary compatible with modules that might be “out of tree” for some time. In that context, being able to automatically detect and analyze changes to the binary interface exposed by the kernel to its module does have some noticeable value. The Libabigail framework is capable of analyzing ELF binaries along with their accompanying debug info in the DWARF format, detect and report changes in types, functions, variables and ELF symbols. It has historically supported that for user space shared libraries and application so we worked to make it understand the Linux kernel binaries. In this presentation, we are going to present the current support of ABI analysis for Linux Kernel binaries, the challenges we face, how we address them and the plans we have for the future. Dodji Seketeli, Jessica Yu, Matthias Männich

Embedded Recipes 2019 - Remote update adventures with RAUC, Yocto and BareboxAnne Nicolas

Different upgrade and update strategies exist when it comes to embedded Linux system. If at development time none of these strategies have been chosen, adding them afterwards can be tedious task. Even harder it gets when the system is already deployed in the field and only accessible via a 3G connection. This talk is a developer experience of putting in place exactly that. Giving a return of experience on one way of doing it on a system running Barebox and a Yocto-based distribution. Patrick Boettcher

Embedded Recipes 2019 - Making embedded graphics less specialAnne Nicolas

Open-source graphics drivers are helping to make embedded systems less specialized by standardizing interfaces like KMS, DRI, and Mesa. Mesa provides implementations of graphics APIs like OpenGL and Vulkan via drivers for different GPUs. Combined with Wayland, this allows applications to run on embedded systems like a modern Linux desktop without platform-specific code. Current open-source drivers like Freedreno, Etnaviv, and Panfrost support GPUs from vendors like Qualcomm and ARM and are under active development by their respective communities.

Embedded Recipes 2019 - Linux on Open Source Hardware and Libre SiliconAnne Nicolas

This talk will explore Open Source Hardware projects relevant to Linux, including boards like BeagleBone, Olimex OLinuXino, Giant board and more. Looking at the benefits and challenges of designing Open Source Hardware for a Linux system, along with BeagleBoard.org’s experience of working with community, manufacturers, and distributors to create an Open Source Hardware platform. In closing also looking at the future, Libre Silicon like RISC-V designs, and where this might take Linux. Drew Fustini

Embedded Recipes 2019 - From maintaining I2C to the big (embedded) pictureAnne Nicolas

The I2C subsystem is not the shiniest part of the Linux Kernel. For embedded devices, though, it is one of the many puzzle pieces which just have to work. Wolfram Sang has the experience of maintaining this subsystem for nearly 7 years now. This talk gives a short overview of how maintaining works in general and specifically in this subsystem. But mainly, it will highlight noteworthy points in the timeline and lessons learnt from that. It will present trends, not so much regarding I2C but more the Linux Kernel and the embedded ecosystem in general. And of course, there will be plenty of anecdotes and bits from behind the scenes for your entertainment. Wolfram Sang

Embedded Recipes 2019 - Testing firmware the devops wayAnne Nicolas

ITRenew is selling recertified OCP servers under the Sesame brand, those servers come either with their original UEFI BIOS or with LinuxBoot. The LinuxBoot project is pushing the Linux kernel inside bios flash and using userland programs as bootloader. To achieve quality on our software stack, as any project, we need to test it. Traditional BIOS are tested by hand, this is 2019 we need to do it automatically! We already presented the hardware setup behind the LinuxBoot CI, this talk will focus on the software. We use u-root for our userland bootloader; this software is written in Go so we naturally choose to use Go for our testing too. We will present how we are using and extending the Go native test framework `go test` for testing embedded systems (serial console) and improving the report format for integration to a CI. Julien Viard de Galbert

Embedded Recipes 2019 - Herd your socs become a matchmakerAnne Nicolas

This document discusses device tree matching for embedded systems. It covers: - The history of device matching in Linux, from architecture-specific to discoverable buses to the modern device framework. - How device trees improved the situation by providing a standardized hardware description and stable ABI, separating this from OS configuration. - Best practices for designing compatible value schemes and supporting a variety of similar devices across SoC families in device trees and drivers. - Different techniques for matching devices and drivers like compatible values, soc_device_match(), and quirk handling classes. - Examples of implementing matching for Renesas SoCs and addressing differences across revisions.

Embedded Recipes 2019 - LLVM / Clang integrationAnne Nicolas

This document discusses the integration of LLVM and Clang into Buildroot. It provides an overview of LLVM and Clang, the objectives of integrating them into Buildroot, and the initial integration work done. It then covers cross-compiling Linux with Clang and some conclusions. Some key points include: - LLVM is an open source compiler infrastructure that includes the Clang C/C++ compiler. It uses an intermediate representation and focuses on compile time and code generation performance. - The initial integration into Buildroot included LLVM, Clang, and Mesa 3D driver support. It aimed to enable OpenCL and add new packages. - Cross-compiling Linux and userspace applications with Clang

Embedded Recipes 2019 - Introduction to JTAG debuggingAnne Nicolas

This talk introduces JTAG debugging capabilities, both for debugging hardware and software. Marek first explains what the JTAG stands for and explains the operation of the JTAG state machine. This is followed by an introduction to free software JTAG tools, OpenOCD and urJTAG. Marek shortly explains how to debug software using those tools and how that ties into the JTAG state machine. However, JTAG was designed for testing hardware. Marek explains what boundary scan testing (BST) is, what are BSDL files and their format, and practically demonstrates how to blink an LED using BST and only free software tools. Marek Vasut

Embedded Recipes 2019 - Pipewire a new foundation for embedded multimediaAnne Nicolas

PipeWire is an open source project that aims to greatly improve audio and video handling under Linux. Utilising a fresh design, it bridges use cases that have been previously addressed by different tools – or not addressed at all -, providing ground for building complex, yet secure and efficient, multimedia systems. In this talk, Julien is going to present the PipeWire project and the concepts that make up its design. In addition, he is going to give an update of the current and future work going on around PipeWire, both upstream and in Automotive Grade Linux, an early adopter that Julien is actively working on. Julian Bouzas

Kernel Recipes 2019 - ftrace: Where modifying a running kernel all startedAnne Nicolas

The document describes the ftrace function tracing tool in Linux kernels. It allows attaching to functions in the kernel to trace function calls. It works by having the GCC compiler insert indirect function entry calls. These calls are recorded during linking and replaced with nops at boot time for efficiency. This allows function tracing with low overhead by tracing the indirect function entry calls.

Kernel Recipes 2019 - Suricata and XDPAnne Nicolas

Suricata is a network threat detection engine using network packets capture to reconstruct the traffic till the application layer and find threats on the network using rules that define behavior to detect. This task is really CPU intensive and discarding non interesting traffic is a solution to enable a scaling of Suricata to 40gbps and other. This talk will present the latest evolution of Suricata that knows uses eBPF and XDP to bypass traffic. Suricata 5.0 is supporting the hardware XDP to provide ypass with network card such as Netronome. It also takes advantage of pinned maps to get persistance of the bypassed flows. This talk will cover the different usage of XDP and eBPF in Suricata and shows how it impact performance and usability. If development time permit, the talk will also cover AF_XDP and the impact on this new capture method on Suricata. Eric Leblond

Kernel Recipes 2019 - Marvels of Memory Auto-configuration (SPD)Anne Nicolas

System memory configuration is a transparent operation nowadays, something that we all came to expect to just work out of the box. Still, it does happen behind the scenes every single time we boot our computers. This requires the cooperation of hardware components on the mainboard and on memory modules themselves, as well as firmware code to drive these. While it is possible to just let it happen, having a deeper understanding of how it works makes it possible to access valuable information from the operating system at run-time. I will take you through the history of system memory configuration from the mid 70s to now. We will explore the different types of memory modules, how their configuration data is stored and how the firmware can access them. We will see which problems had to be solved along the way and how they were solved. Lastly we will see how Linux supports reading the memory configuration information and what you can do with that information. Jean Delvare