Kickstarting IOT using NodeRED

Advanced Computing Training School (ACTS)
Advanced Computing for Human Advancement
Kickstarting IOT using NodeRED
@GNUnify 2016,SICSR,Pune
By
Rajesh Sola,Rohit Khanna and Mayur Kulkarni,
CDAC ACTS,Pune

CDAC-ACTS,Pune
Outline
• Introduction to NodeRED
• IOT Protocols – MQTT, CoAP, HTTP, Websockets
• Sensor Management – Embedded Linux, Firmata
• Cloud platforms,Data visualization
• Bridging Wired,Wireless networks
•

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IOT Architecture
• A Typical IOT Architecture
• Things in IOT – End Nodes,Gateways, Servers
End Nodes/
Sensor
Nodes
-------------
MCUs
Wearables
Gateways/
Bridging
Solutions
------------
(e)linux
Android
High end
MCUs
IOT Servers/
Cloud
Platforms
=======
Database
Analytics

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Getting Started
• Introduction
• Supported targets, Installation
• Available nodes, configuration
• Creation of simple flows,sub flows
• Importing and exporting flows
• Installing additional nodes

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Introduction to NodeRED
• Node based visual tool for wiring system components
and network services
• Nodes built on Node.js
• Initiated by IBM, community product now
• Flow editor compatible with simple browsers
• Suitable for quick prototyping, learning/teaching
with zero or minimal programming efforts

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Supported Targets
• Any node.js supported platform, preferably Linux
• Embedded linux targets
– Raspberry Pi
– BeagleBoneBlack
– Intel Edison
• Microcontrollers with firmata, eg:- Arduino

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Installation
• Install nodejs from package manager or set path for
nodejs binaries
• npm install node-red -g
• Launch “node-red” from command line, Alternatively
node.js process manager can be used
npm install pm2 -g
pm2 start <path-of-nodered>
• Can get a cloud instance from fred.sensetecnic.com

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Available Nodes, Categories
• Input/Output Nodes
– tcp,udp,http,serial,inject,debug,notify etc.
• Functions
– delay,switch,change,trigger,json,xml etc.
• Social Media Access
– twitter, mail, irc, twilio,xmpp etc.
• Storage /Database connectivity
– file access,mongo db,mysql, postgresql etc.
• Configuration Nodes
– serial port, mqtt, twitter etc.

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Some more nodes
• Advanced
– watch, rss feed, exec
• Nodes available through addons
– Raspberry Pi,Beagle Bone specific
– Sensor/Peripheral board specific nodes
– Cloud Service related, eg:- IBM Bluemix,Sensetecnic Wotkit
• More addons are listed at http://flows.nodered.org/
• Most of them are available as npm packages or hosted at
respective repositories

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Some nodes of our interest
• Default
– serial, tcp, udp
– http, mqtt, websocket
• Few Addons
– node-red-contrib-gpio,based on johnny-five I/O plugins
– node-red-node-arduino
– node-red-contrib-coap
– node-red-contrib-noble
–

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Flow Management
• Creation of simple flows
• Exporting, Importing flows
• Sub flows
• Flow library
• settings

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Sensor Management
• NodeRED on targets like Raspberry Pi, rpi-gpio nodes
• Using firmata for targets like Arduino
• Peripheral management based on GPIO, ADC, I2C,
SPI, UART etc.
• Nodes availble for Digital I/O
– node-red-contrib-gpio (generic one using johnny-five IO
plugins)
– node-red-node-beaglebone
– node-red-node-intel-gpio

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IOT Protocols
• MQTT
• CoAP
• Websockets
• RESTful APIs

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MQTT
• Initiated by IBM, OASIS standard now(v3.1.1)
• Light weight protocol based on publish-subscribe
mechanism
• Implemented on top of TCP with minimum 2 byte
header and support for packet size upto 256 MB
• Clients communicate via MQTT broker indirectly
• Mapping through hierarchical topic names
• QoS levels, LWT message, Keep alive timer

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MQTT
• Brokers – mosquitto
• Clients – mosquitto,eclipse paho,nodejs packages
• Android support – paho java library,sample app
• A simple demo

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REST API
• Representational State Transfer, suitable for the needs
of Sensor networks, IOT solutions
• Typical support from HTTP(but not limited to HTTP)
• RESTful methods – GET,POST, PUT, DELETE
• curl command, Firefox “poster” plugin for HTTP
REST operations,
• Supported libraries – libcurl, Retrofit REST library
• A simple demo

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CoAP
• Constrained Oriented Application Protocol based on
RFC 7252
• Simple protocol based on UDP(default port:5683)
• Optional support over SMS
• HTTP like REST operations, additional support like
observe method, blockwise transfer
• Server - Eclipse Californium, libcoap
• Client - Firefox copper plugin, libcoap, nodejs packages
• A simple demo

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Websockets
• Full duplex communication using single TCP
connection based on RFC 6455
• Browser support and HTML5 integration
• libwebsockets, nodejs packages
• MQTT over websockets for browser based clients
• A simple echo server, NodeRED example

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IOT Cloud Platforms
• IBM Bluemix - MQTT
• Thingspeak - HTTP
• Carriots - HTTP, MQTT
• Opensensors.io - MQTT
• Sensetecnic - WOTKit
• thethings.io - MQTT, CoAP, Websockets
• AWS IOT - MQTT

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Data Visualization
• Visualization support from cloud services
– Bluemix
– Sensetecnic wotkit
– Thingspeak
• node-red-contrib-graphs

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Wired,Wireless Protocols
• WiFi/Ethernet – TCP/UDP
• NodeMCU,Particle.io Photon as Wifi sensor nodes
• Bluetooth Low Energy : node-red-contrib-noble
• Serial Bus Communication : Serial In, Serial Out
• USB (node-red-contrib-usb)
• CANBus (node-red-contrib-canbus)

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Contributing to NodeRED
• js file, html file for each node
• Packaging with a directory structure using json file for
a set of nodes
• Naming conventions
– node-red-node-???
– node-red-contrib-???
• Contributing flows and nodes
– Publishing to npm
– Visibility in flows.nodered.org

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???
Thank You

Kickstarting IOT using NodeRED

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