Kingdom Animalia, Prepared by: Edsyl Berongoy Penas, LPT
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This document provides an overview of the animal kingdom (Kingdom Animalia), including its diversity, characteristics used to describe it (e.g. body symmetry, number of germ layers), and classification of animals into invertebrates and vertebrates. It then describes the key characteristics of different phyla within the animal kingdom, including porifera, cnidaria, ctenophora, platyhelminthes, nemertea, rotifera, nematoda, mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, and chordata. It concludes with descriptions of different classes within the phylum chordata such as agnatha, chondrichthyes, osteichth
Kingdom Animalia, Prepared by: Edsyl Berongoy Penas, LPT
- 2. Diversity of the Animal Kingdom Kingdom Animalia - also called Metazoa -the largest of the five kingdoms based on number of species representative -about 1.2 million of the 1.7 million species of organisms documented worldwide belong to this kingdom Source: Google Images
- 3. Kingdom Animalia How can we be able to describe this kingdom? 1. Simple to complex form of multicellularity -unicellular -multicellular 2. Body symmetry -asymmetrical -radial -bilateral 3. Number of germ layers -diploblastic -triploblastic 4. Body cavity -acoelomates -pseudocoelomates -eucoelomates 5. Segmentation Source: Google Images
- 4. Animals Invertebrates Vertebrates - Lack of backbone - Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, Rotifera, Nematoda, Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropoda And Echinodermata - Have backbone - Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles Birds and Mammals
- 5. Nomenclature - being called as the language of taxonomy - it deals with the proper way of naming an organism -uninomial, binomial, trinomial names Different Levels of Classification Kingdom Phylum or Division Class Order Family Genus Species Source: Google Images
- 7. -Pore-bearing animals -have pores or holes in their bodies and has a large opening called osculum, it serves as the passageway for the entry and exit of materials like food and water - Sponges that belongs to this phylum are filter feeders and composes of epidermis and the internal surface of epidermis is lined by a collar cells. Phylum Porifera
- 9. - Sting-bearing with tentacles - About 11,000 species abound in our Earth - They have hollow tubelike bodies that has a nematocysts, a tiny capsules made with chitinous material that has a discharge toxic chemicals that penetrate to the body of their prey which they use to paralyze and to get food. - Their bodies are composed of two layers of tissues, the epidermis and the gastrodermis. Phylum Cnidaria
- 11. - Comb- bearing animals - These comb rows enable the ctenophores to swim - They have transparent bodies, the glisten at daytime and at night time emitting light - They serves as prey on small planktons Phylum Ctenophora
- 13. - Flat body animals - They are commonly called flatworms, they are the simplest kind of worms, possessing a hollow sac with a single opening for food and waste excretion - They are the first invertebrates to exhibit cephalization, a condition of having an anterior portion where the head and other sense organs are located. Phylum Platyhelminthes
- 14. - Shallow organisms - They can be found in both marine and terrestrial environment, most specifically in the moist places - Nemertines are characterized by having unsegmented bodies that they found crawling on solid surfaces - Flatworms believed to be the ancestors of nemertines. Phylum Nemertea
- 16. - Cilia bearing organisms - About 1,800 species of rotifers are known, they live mostly on the freshwater and can also be found in marine and can live in a damp soil - This crown of cilia draws water - They reproduce through parthenogenesis Phylum Rotifera
- 18. - Threadlike animals - They have round bodies covered with cuticle and bilaterally symmetrical that possesses muscular feeding organ - They live in all mode of habitat including plants and animals as a parasites - They are more advance compared to flatworms since they have well develop digestive tract with mouth and anus - Ascaris sp. The common organisms in this phylum Phylum Nematoda
- 20. - Soft bodied animals - They are protected by an exoskeleton(shell) made by calcium carbonate, but not all mollusk have outer shells - The common groups of these phylum are the gastropods like snails; bivalves like clams and cephalopods like the octopus and squid. - Important food source to human and economically valuable source of pearls and shells. Phylum Mollusca
- 22. - Ringlike bodied animals - Known to be annelids, which has an advanced character than nematodes because they have true coelom and complete digestive system and well defined circulatory system - Earthworms are the common terrestrial annelids Phylum Annelida
- 24. - Jointed legged animals - The largest of all phyla, over 1 million species out of the 1.2 million species known of animals - Most successful group of animals that inhabit every conceivable habitat - Have exoskeleton, well develop sensory, nervous, respiratory and circulatory systems - There are three major groups, Insecta like butterfly; Arachnida like spiders and the Crustacea like the crabs Phylum Arthropoda
- 26. - Spinny skinned animals - They have spines which are extensions made of calcium and under the skin, formed an internal skeleton called endoskeleton - Well develop anus before the mouth - Sea stars, sea cucumber and sea urchins are the three common group of these phyla Phylum Echinodermata
- 28. - Vertebrates animals ( with backbone animals) - They have notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, gill slits and post anal tail. - Not all animals in this phylum has a backbone, 48,000 of the 49,000 members of it do have backbone - They are classified into 7 classes namely: Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia. Phylum Chordata
- 29. -first appeared in the Ordovician Period during the Paleozoic Era about 438 million years ago - Most of these animals are jawless but have sucking mouthparts - They have notochords that serves as their skeleton - Lampreys and hagfish are the common species of these class Class Agnatha
- 30. - Fish with skeletons made up of cartilage(material which is smoother)instead of bones - They live underwater and have gills to breath oxygen quite sometime, fins to move and scales to cover their body and help them reduce the drag of the water current - Sharks and stingray are the common species Class Chondrichthyes
- 31. - Bony fishes, skeletons are made up of bones - They are abundant in seas and freshwaters - They have swim bladder structure, an air sac that helps controls the buoyancy of fish - More agile swimmers than cartilaginous fish because they have more flexible fins - Milk fish are the common example of these class Class Osteichthyes
- 32. - Double life animals, where they can live on land and in the bodies of water - They use their gills and lungs for respiration - They are egg bearers which lays their eggs in the water - Frogs and salamander are the common on these class Class Amphibia
- 33. - Cold bodied animals and are said to be ectothermic, which is an organisms can change its body temperature depending on its environment - Hard bodied covering animals - They breathe through their lungs - Turtles, alligators and snakes are common species on this class Class Reptilia
- 34. - Warm blooded and feather covering animals - They have the presence of a beak or bill that they use to get their foods, a pair of wings that serves to fly but not all can fly like penguins - They all lay eggs - Hummingbird belongs to these class Class Aves
- 35. - Warm blooded animals with special characteristics, which have a mammary gland, in which secretes milk in females that has delivered to their young - They are covered with hairs, in which they can maintain their body temperature - They reproduce sexually - Cats, dogs, monkeys and humans belongs to these class Class Mammalia
- 36. In a ¼ sheet of paper answer the question below; If you have given a chance to choose one animal in a phylum of Kingdom Animalia what would it be and why? Short Quiz
- 37. In a one whole short bond paper kindly list down Laws and Policies governing protection and conservation of biodiversity in the Philippines. Assignment
- 38. THANK YOU………….