Ko tza how to apply industrial safety standard in myanmar 241212
- 1. HOW TO APPLY INTERNATIONAL SAFETY STANDARD IN MYANMAR U Thant Zaw Aung 24 December 2012
- 2. • Introduction1 • What is Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?2 • General Approach to OSH3 Today’s Overview
- 3. • OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 • OSH Framework and Standards in the Region5 • Current OSH Framework in Myanmar6 Today’s Overview
- 4. • Preparation OSH Framework in Myanmar7 • Roles of Stakeholders in Myanmar OSH Framework8 • Short Term / Long Term Plan for Effective Implementation9 Today’s Overview
- 5. Name : U Thant Zaw Aung Education : B.E (Civil) Occupation : Workplace Safety & Health Manager (Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co. Ltd, Singapore) Qualification : MOM Approved WSH Trainer : MOM Approved WSH Auditor : Environmental Control Officer : Fire Safety Manager Contact No : (65) 9488 7612 Email : [email protected] Introduction1
- 6. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the Safety, Health and Welfare of people engaged in work or employment. What is Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?2
- 7. The goals of occupational safety and health programs include to foster a safe and healthy work environment. OSH may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, and many others who might be affected by the workplace environment. Occupational safety and health can be important for Moral, Legal, and Financial reasons. General Approach to OSH3
- 8. All organisations have a duty of care to ensure that employees and any other person who may be affected by the companies undertaking remain safe at all times. Moral obligations1 would involve the protection of employee's lives and health. Legal reasons2 for OSH practices relate to the preventative, punitive and compensatory effects of laws that protect worker's safety and health. Financially3, OSH can also reduce employee injury and illness related costs, including medical care, sick leave and disability benefit costs. General Approach to OSH3
- 9. Because different countries take different approaches to ensuring Occupational Safety Health , areas of OSH need and focus also vary between countries and regions. Similar to the findings of a survey conducted in Australia, the Institute of Occupational Medicine found that in the UK, there is a need to put a greater emphasis on work- related illness. In contrast, in Australia and the USA a major responsibility of the OSH professional is to keep company directors and managers aware of the issues regards to OSH principles and legislation. General Approach to OSH3
- 10. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 In 2001, the International Labour Organization (ILO) published ILO-OSH 2001 - "Guidelines a on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems" to assist organizations with introducing OSH management systems. These guidelines encourage Continual Improvement in Employee’s Health and Safety, achieved via a constant process of policy, organization, planning & implementation, evaluation, and action for improvement, all supported by constant auditing to determine the success of OSH actions.
- 11. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 The ILO Management System was created to assist employers to keep pace with rapidly shifting and competitive industrial environments. The ILO recognizes that National Legislation is essential, but sometimes insufficient on its own to address the challenges faced by industry, and therefore elected to ensure free and open distribution of administrative tools in the form of occupational health and safety management system guidance for everyone.
- 12. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 OHSAS 18000 is an International Occupational Health and Safety Management System Specification developed by the London-based BSI Group, a multinational business chiefly concerned with the production and distribution of standards related services. OHSAS 18000 comprises two parts, OHSAS 18001 and OHSAS18002 and embraces a number of other publications. OHSAS 18000 is the internationally recognized assessment specification for occupational health and safety management systems.
- 13. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 This internationally recognized specification for occupational health and safety management system operates on the basis of policy, planning, implementation and operation, checking and corrective action, management review, and continual improvement. The British Standards - Occupational Health and Safety management Systems Requirements Standard BS OHSAS 18001 was developed within the framework of the ISO standards series. Allowing it to integrate better into the larger system of ISO certifications.
- 14. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems and ISO 14001 Environmental Management System can work in tandem with BS OHSAS 18001/18002 to complement each other and form a better overall system. Each component of the system is specific, auditable, and accreditable by a third party after review. Also Standards Australia and the Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR) in France have developed occupational safety and health management standards.
- 15. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 Guidance Note HSG65: Successful Health and Safety Management, published by the British non- departmental public body Health and Safety Executive, promotes a systematic management of health and safety through a six step system, Policy1, Organizing2, Planning3 and Implementing4, Measuring Performance5, Reviewing Performance6. These components are all linked to an audit system providing for evaluation and a feedback loop to improve performance.
- 16. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 European Union (EU) In the European Union, Member States have enforcing authorities to ensure that the basic legal requirements relating to occupational health and safety are met. In many EU countries, there is strong cooperation between employer and worker organisations (e.g. unions) to ensure good OSH performance as it is recognized this has benefits for both the worker (through Maintenance of Health) and the enterprise (through improved Productivity and Quality).
- 17. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 European Union (EU) In 1996, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work was founded. Member states of the European Union have all transposed into their national legislation a series of directives that establish minimum standards on occupational health and safety. These directives (about 20 on a variety of topics) follow a similar structure requiring the employer to assess the workplace risks and put in place preventive measures based on a Hierarchy of Control.
- 18. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 United Kingdom (UK) In the UK, health and safety legislation is drawn up and enforced by the Health and Safety Executive and local authorities (the local council) under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. Increasingly in the UK the regulatory trend is away from prescriptive rules, and towards risk assessment. Recent major changes to the laws governing asbestos and fire safety management embrace the concept of risk assessment.
- 19. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 Denmark In Denmark, OSH is regulated by the Danish Act on Working Environment and cooperation at the workplace. The Danish Working Environment Authority (DWEA) carries out inspections of companies, draws up more detailed rules on health and safety at work and provides information on health and safety at work. The result of each inspection is made public on the web pages of the DWEA.
- 20. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 United States (US) In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 created both the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). OSHA, in the U.S. Department of Labour, is responsible for developing and enforcing workplace safety and health regulations. NIOSH, in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is focused on research, information, education, and Training in Occupational Safety and Health.
- 21. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 United States (US) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has been regulating occupational safety and health since 1971. Occupational safety and health regulation of a limited number of specifically defined industries was in place for several decades before that period. Broad regulations by some individual states was in place for many years prior to the establishment of OSHA.
- 22. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 Canada In Canada, workers are covered by provincial or federal labour codes depending on the sector in which they work. Workers covered by federal legislation (including those in mining, transportation, and federal employment) are covered by the Canada Labour Code; all other workers are covered by the health and safety legislation of the province they work in.
- 23. OSH Framework and Standards in the World4 Canada The Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), an agency of the Government of Canada, was created in 1978 by an Act of Parliament. The act was based on the belief that all Canadians had "...a fundamental right to a healthy and safe working environment.“ CCOHS is mandated to promote safe and healthy workplaces to help prevent work-related injuries and illnesses.
- 24. OSH Framework and Standards in the Region5 People’s Republic of China (PRC) In the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Health is responsible for occupational disease prevention and the State Administration of Work Safety for safety issues at work. On the provincial and municipal level, there are Health Supervisions for occupational health and local bureaus of Work Safety for safety. The "Occupational Disease Control Act of PRC" came into force on May 1, 2002 and “Work safety Act of PRC” on November 1, 2002.
- 25. OSH Framework and Standards in the Region5 Malaysia In Malaysia, the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) under the Ministry of Human Resource is responsible to ensure that the safety, health and welfare of workers in both the public and private sector is upheld. DOSH is responsible to enforce the Factories and Machinery Act 1967 and the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994.
- 26. OSH Framework and Standards in the Region5 Singapore The Workplace Safety and Health Act 2006 replaced the 1973 Factories Act and fundamentally reformed legislative approach towards a performance-based regime. In Singapore, the Occupational Safety and Health Department (OSHD) under the Ministry of Manpower is responsible to ensure that the safety, health and welfare of workers in both the public and private sector is upheld.
- 27. OSH Framework and Standards in the Region5 Singapore The Workplace Safety and Health Council (WSHC) was formed on 1 April 2008. The WSHC is an industry-led Statutory Body that is based in Singapore. The WSHC comprises 18 leaders from the major industry sectors (including Construction, Manufacturing, Marine Industries, Petrochemicals and Logistics), the Government, unions and professionals from the legal, insurance and academic fields.
- 28. Current OSH Framework in Myanmar6 At present, there are 5 Legal Instruments in Industrial Sector in Myanmar as follows: 1. The Private Industrial Enterprise Law, 1990 2. The Factories Act, 1951 3. The Oilfield (Workers and Welfare) Act, 1951 4. The Petroleum Act, 1934 5. The Oilfields Act, 1918
- 29. Current OSH Framework in Myanmar6 The OSH legislative framework in Myanmar is embodied in the Factories Act of 1951 and the Oilfield (Labour and Welfare) Act of 1951. The primary OSH regulator is the Factories and General Labour Laws Inspection Department (FGLLID). Other agencies involved in regulating OSH standards include: • the Boiler and Electric Inspection Division (Ministry of Industries); Planning and Inspection Department (Ministry of Mines); • Occupational Health Division (Ministry of Health); • the Ministry of Construction; • the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation; and • the Yangon City Development Committee.
- 30. Current OSH Framework in Myanmar6 Number of Factories covered by the 1951 Factories Act
- 31. Current OSH Framework in Myanmar6 Myanmar has a policy framework such as National Strategic Policy Document on workers’ health. The framework includes elements such as enactment of legislation, establishment of mechanisms for intersectoral coordination of activities, funding and resource mobilization for workers’ health, strengthening the role and capacities of ministries of health and integration of objectives and actions for workers’ health into national strategies.
- 32. Current OSH Framework in Myanmar6 Aspects of Workers’ Health covered by this policy framework are: • Occupational Health • Occupational Safety • Workplace Health Promotion • Provision of Occupational Health Services • Chemical Safety • Environmental Health • Prevention of Communicable Diseases at the workplace (HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria, avian influenza) • Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases at the workplace (cancer, cardiovascular diseases).
- 33. Preparation OSH Framework in Myanmar7 1. Set up National OSH Committee 2. Assist SME to Improve Work Conditions 3. Develop Capabilities of Inspectors 4. Upgrade Occupation Hygiene Laboratory 5. Upgrade Internal OSH Capabilities 6. Establish OSH Training Centre 7. International Collaboration to learn experiences Strategy to raise Occupational Safety and Health Standard
- 34. Roles of Stakeholders in Myanmar OSH Framework8 Developer / Client Developer Profile • A ‘Developer / Client' is anyone having construction or building work carried out as part of their business. • This could be an individual, partnership or company and includes property developers or management companies for domestic properties. • The developer or client, being the pay master at the top of the value chain, is in the best position to influence the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) performance of the project. • Depending on the objectives and requirements developers set, the suppliers and contractors they decide to engage, and the resources they provide, the eventual outcome can vary greatly.
- 35. Roles of Stakeholders in Myanmar OSH Framework8 Role of the Developer / Client Developer / Client’s Duties • On all projects, developer / client will need to: – Check competence and resources of all potential contractors and suppliers. – Ensure there are suitable management arrangements for the project including welfare facilities. – Allow sufficient time and resources for all stages. – Provide pre-construction information to designers and contractors. – Must lead in Design for Safety or DfS. DfS refers to active identification and addressing of WSH risks right from the conceptual and design phase of construction projects. – Appoint a principal contractor. – Make sure that construction work does not start unless a construction phase plan is in place and there are adequate welfare facilities on site.
- 36. Roles of Stakeholders in Myanmar OSH Framework8 Designer Designer Profile • The term ‘Designer' has a broad meaning and relates to the function performed, rather than the profession or job title. • Designers are those who, as part of their work, prepare design drawings, specifications, bills of quantities and the specification of articles and substances. • This could include architects, engineers and quantity surveyors.
- 37. Roles of Stakeholders in Myanmar OSH Framework8 Role of the Designer Designer’s Duties On all projects, Designer will need to: – Eliminate hazards and risks during design stage. – Provide information about remaining risks. Where projects are notifiable under the Regulations, designers must also: – Check that the client is aware of their duties and that a site representative has been appointed. – Provide information needed for the health and safety of the all personnel involved in the project.
- 38. Roles of Stakeholders in Myanmar OSH Framework8 Contractors Contractors Profile • A ‘Contractors' are those who are involved in construction, alteration, maintenance or demolition work. This could involve building, civil engineering, mechanical, electrical, demolition and maintenance companies, partnerships and the self-employed. • All those who work in the construction industry have their part to play looking after their own health and safety and in improving the industry’s health and safety record.
- 39. Roles of Stakeholders in Myanmar OSH Framework8 Role of the Contractor Contractor’s Duties On all projects contractors will need to: • Plan, manage and monitor their own work and that of their workers. • Check the competence of all their appointees and workers. • Train their own employees. • Provide work related information to their workers. • Ensure that there are adequate welfare facilities for their workers. In addition, where projects are notifiable under the Regulations, Contractors must also: • Co-operate with the principal contractor in planning and managing work, including reasonable directions and site rules. • Provide details to the principal contractor of any contractor engaged in connection with carrying out work. • Inform the principal contractor of reportable accidents, diseases and dangerous occurrences.
- 40. Implementation (Phase by Phase) ProjectsWorkedOn Preparation of Legal Frame Work Enhance WSH Capabilities Working Toward Safety Journey Secure Talents / Professional Achieve WSH Target
- 41. Short Term / Long Term Plan for Effective Implementation9 Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) requires a ‘Plan - Do - Check - Act’ approach, based on the principle of continual improvement.
- 42. Short Term / Long Term Plan for Effective Implementation9 OSHMS is structured into 14 distinct sections as follows: 1. Occupational Safety and Health Policy 2. Identification of Hazards 3. Assessment of Risks 4. Establishments of Occupational Safety and Health Objectives 5. Development of OSH Plan 6. Implementation of OSH Plan 7. Routine Monitoring and Improvement 8. Investigation of Work Related Accidents, Incidents and Diseases 9. Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response 10.Performance Monitoring and Measurement 11.Audit 12.Preventive and Corrective Action 13.Management Review 14.Continual Improvement
- 43. QUESTIONS?