SlideShare a Scribd company logo

KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud

•
Tobias Koprowski, profile picture
Tobias Koprowski

This document discusses SQL Server security and provides an overview of SQL Server security best practices and enhancements in SQL Server 2014. It covers categorizing security across IT, physical, political, and SQL Server realms. It outlines best practices for authentication, securing administrator accounts, complex passwords, specific logins, administrator membership, guest access, stored procedure permissions, ports, services, and encryption. New SQL Server 2014 features discussed include transparent data encryption, encryption key management, and new permissions for connecting to any database and impersonating logins.

Technology
1 of 60
Download to read offline
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
SQL Security in the Clouds Tobiasz J. Koprowski Independent Consultant @ ShadowLand Consulting http://koprowskit.eu/geek || http://itblogs.pl/notbeautifulanymore KoprowskiT uk.linkedin.com/in/koprowskit
about me • independent consultant, security & licensing auditor • Owner of ShadowLand Consulting • Microsoft Certified Trainer • SQL Server MVP (six… years in a row) • MVP Mentor Program Member • SharePoint Subject Matter Expert at CQURE • active blogger, influencer, technical writer • last 9 years living in Data Processing Center Jungle • last 15 years working arroung banking and ICT • Polish Information Technology Society Board Member • Information Security Systems Association Board Member
1 | Security in a Nutshell 2 | SQL Server Security Best Practices 3 | SQL Server 2014 Security Enhacement 4 | SQL Server Security in The Cloud Summary Appendix AGENDA
KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud
KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud
1 | Security In A Nutshell
 Security is the degree of resistance to, or protection from, harm. It applies to any vulnerable and valuable asset, such as a person, dwelling, community, nation, or organization.  As noted by the Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM) in the OSSTMM 3 (Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual), security provides "a form of protection where a separation is created between the assets and the threat." These separations are generically called "controls," and sometimes include changes to the asset or the threat. Security? What is this?
Categorizing Security - part 1 {IT REALM} • Application security | http://bit.ly/18u8J6p • Computing security | http://bit.ly/1ARdRLd • Data security | http://bit.ly/185wfph • Information security | http://bit.ly/1ARe0ya • Network security | http://bit.ly/1C443R8
Categorizing Security - part 2 {PHYSICAL REALM}  Airport security | http://bit.ly/1LPZcCZ  Food security | http://bit.ly/1MYnii6  Home security | http://bit.ly/1Gz3VI1  Infrastructure security | http://bit.ly/1Bm8LIF  Physical security | http://bit.ly/1Gz3VI1  Port security | http://bit.ly/1ARewMH  Supply chain security | http://bit.ly/1Ex7ob7  School security | http://bit.ly/17Dl735  Shopping center security | http://bit.ly/1EUb1FV
Categorizing Security - part 3 {POLITICAL REALM} • Homeland security | http://bit.ly/1AAwZhE • Human security | http://bit.ly/1DhojtU • International security | http://bit.ly/1MYoyli • National security | http://bit.ly/1FEnldu • Public security | http://bit.ly/1wqpX9P
Categorizing Security - part 4 {SQL SERVER REALM} • Application security • Computing security • Data security • Information security • Network security • Home security • Infrastructure security • Physical security • National security • Public security
2 | SQL Server Security Best Practices
 Efficiency and security have an inverse relationship to one another.  You can have high efficiency or high security, but not both. Example: `Small Bank Company` tend to favor efficiency over security:  Cost limitations. This is the first and obvious reason. Community banks are fighting a constant battle to remain competitive. Implementing security in systems adds costs - there is no way around it.  Risk. It's not always a conscious decision for a bank to improve efficiency by sacrificing security. Sometimes there's a lack of understanding of the risks associated with the systems we deploy.  Personnel limitations. The many-hats syndrome runs rampant in smaller community banks.  Regulatory emphasis. The current regulatory environment stresses controls as they relate to policy and procedures. SQL Server Security Best Practices
authentication  SQL Server supports: • Windows Authentication Mode which supports • Kerberos • NTLM (Windows NT Lan Manager) • Mixed Mode Authentication which supports • Windows Accounts • SQL Server specific accounts SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: use Windows Authentication mode unless legacy application require Mixed Authentication for backward compability
secure sysadmin account • sysadmin account (sa) is most vulnerable account when it’s not changed • potential SQL Server attackers, hackers aware of this SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: change name of sysadmin account after installation SSMS>Object Explorer>Logins>Rename (right click) / T-SQL
use complex password SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: ensure that complex password are used for sa and other sql-server-specific logins. Think about ENFORCE EXPIRATION & MUST_CHANGE for any new SQL login
use specific logins Best Practice: use different accounts for different sql-server oriented services Component Windows Server 2008 Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 and higher Recommended accounts Database Engine NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_Engine SQL Server Agent NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_Agent SSAS NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_srvAS SSIS NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_srvIS SSRS NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_srvRS SQL Server Distributed Replay Controller NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_DRContro SQL Server Distributed Replay Client NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_DRReplay FD Launcher (Full-text Search) LOCAL SERVICE Virtual Account SQL Server Browser LOCAL SERVICE LOCAL SERVICE SQL Server VSS Writer LOCAL SYSTEM LOCAL SYSTEM SECURITY BEST PRACTICES
sysadmin membership • Member of sysadmin fixed-server role can do whatever they want on SQL Server • by default sysadmin fixed-server role has CONTROL SERVER permission granted explicity • do not explicitly grant CONTROL SERVER for Windows logins, Windows Group logins and SQL logins SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: carefully choose the membership of sysadmin fixed-server
general administration • everything (almost always) works under sa account especially with CONTROL SERVER permission • institute dedicated Windows logins for DBAs, and assign these logins sysadmin rights on SQL Server for administration purposes. SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: use built-in fixed server roles and database roles or create your custom roles, then apply for specific logins
revoke guest access • by default guest accounts exist in every user and system databases • is a potential security risk in lock down environment • those accounts could be targets for attackers • asssign public server role membership if you will need explicit access to user databases SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: disable all gueast user access from all user and system databases (excluding msdb database)
limit public permission • SQL Server has many Stored Procedures and many od them have public access permission:  OLE AUTOMATION: sp_OACreate, sp_OAGetProperty, sp_OAStop, sp_OAMethod, sp_OAGerErrorInfo, sp_OADestroy, sp_OASetProperty  REGISTRY ACCESS: xp_regremovemultistring, xp_regaddmultistring, xp_regread, xp_regdeletekey, xp_regdeletevalue, xp_regwrite  OTHER ROUTINES: sp_sdidebug, xp_logevent, sp_sprintf, xp_dsninfo, xp_msver, sp_sscanf, xp_stopmail, xp_grantlogin, xp_eventlog, xp_dirtree SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: revoke public role access for some axtended procedures and check other store procedures
hardening sql server ports • default sql server port 1433/1434 is well known as standard target for hackers • by using SQL Server Configuration Manager you: • can change default port • can use specific TCP port intead of dynamic • remeber about similar TCP/UDP ports (1433, 1434) SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: change default SQL Server port if it’s possible
disable sql server browser • by default SQL Server Browser is disabled • tt’s necessary to run when multiple instances are running on a single server • any Windows user having the following rights would be capable to run the SQL Server Browser service:  deny access to this computer from the network / deny logon locally / deny logon as a batch job  Deny logon through Terminal Services / log on as a service / read and write the SQL Server registry keys related to network communication (ports and pipes) SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: change default SQL Server port if it’s possible
secure service accounts • different service accounts for different services • dedicated low-privileges domain accounts • check membership on a regular basis • use strong and different passwords for each account SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: create good plan and make note about service accounts and passwords
KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud
3 | SQL Server 2014 Security Enhacements
transparent data encryption • first introduced with SQL Server 2008 • protecting data by performing I/O encryption and decryption for database and log files • passphrase (less secure), asymmetric key (strong protection, poor performance), symmetric key (good performance, strong enough protection), certificate (strong protection, good performance) • New functionality for backup: • takes non-encrypted backup data • encrypt data before writing to disk • compression is performed on the backup data first • then encryption is applied to compressed data • support for backup to Azure SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
encryption key management • Encryption options include: • encryption algorithm • certificate or asymmetric key • only asymmetric key reside in EKM is supported • multiple algorithm up to AES-256 are supported • manageable by PowerShell, SMO, SSMS, T-SQL • VERY IMPORTANT: • asymmetric key or certificate MUST be backed up • location MUST be different than backup location • No RESTORE without asymmetric key or certificate SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
connect any database • new server-level permission • grant CONNECT ANY DATABASE to a login that must connect to all databases currently exist and any new in future • does not grant any parmission in any database beyond connect • to allow an auditing process to view all data or all database states CONNECT ANY DATABASE may be combined with: • SELECT ALL USER SECURABLES • VIEW SERVER STATE SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
impersonate any login • new server-level permission • when granted IMPERSONATE ANY LOGIN allows a middle-tier process to impersonate the account of clients connecting to it • when denied IMPERSONATE ANY LOGIN a high privileged login can be blocked from impersonating other logins • example: CONTROL SERVER permission can be blocked from impersonating other logins SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
select all user securables • new server-level permission • when granted SELECT ALL USER SECURABLES a login (for example for auditing purposes) can view data in all databases that the user can connect to SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
• by default: • instance name: SQLExpress • networking protocol: disabled • sql server browser: disabled • user (local) instances: • separated instance generated from parent instance • sysadmin privileges on SQL Express on local machine • runs as user process not as service process • only windows logins are supported • RANU instance (run as normal user) SQL Server Express Security
KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud
4 | SQL Server Security In The Cloud
Microsoft Cloud Security Approach in a Nutshell  Principles, patterns, and practices  Security engineering  Threats and countermeasures  Secure the network, host, and application  Application scenarios and solutions  Security frame  People, process, and technology  Application, infrastructure, and business Cloud Security http://bit.ly/1zmeYi2
• uses regular sql security model • authenticate logins, map to users and roles • authorize users and roles to sql objects • support for standard sql auth logins • username + password • {admin, administrator, guest, root, sa} Security Model Security model is 100% compatible with on-premise SQL
Security Requirements for Azure Platform  North America • North-central US - Chicago, IL • South-central US - San Antonio, TX • West US - California • East US - Virginia  Asia • East Asia - Hong Kong, China • South East Asia – Singapore • South America • Brasil – Sao Paulo Microsoft Azure Datacenters  Europe • North Europe - Dublin, Ireland • West Europe - Amsterdam, Netherlands  Japan • Japan East, the Tokyo area • Japan West, the Kansai area  Oceania (announced, coming soon) • Sydney, New South Wales • Melbourne, Victoria
§ As a Service Provider Microsoft has an obligation to passing the several rules for security: • ISO 27001/27002 Audit and Certification • SOC 1/SSAE 16/ISAE 3402 and SOC 2 Attestations • Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) • Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standards (DSS) Level 1 Security Requirements for Azure Platform
Also they passing (…) several data securing audits: • Australian Government Information Security Registered Assessors Program (IRAP) • United Kingdom G-Cloud Australian Government IRAP • Multi-Tier Cloud Security Standard for Singapore (MTCS SS 584:2013) • HIPAA Business Associate Agreement (BAA) • EU Model Clauses • Food and Drug Administration 21 CFR Part 11 • Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) • Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 • Trusted Cloud Service Certification developed by China Cloud Computing Promotion and Policy Forum (CCCPPF) • Multi-Level Protection Scheme (MLPS) Security Requirements for Azure Platform
ISO/IEC 27001:2005 Audit and Certification ISO Scope: The following Azure features are in scope for the current ISO audit: Cloud Services (including Fabric and RDFE), Storage (Tables, Blobs, Queues), Virtual Machines (including with SQL Server), Virtual Network, Traffic Manager, Web Sites, BizTalk Services, Media Services, Mobile Services, Service Bus, Workflow, Multi-Factor Authentication, Active Directory, Right Management Service, SQL Database, and HDInsight. This includes the Information Security Management System (ISMS) for Azure, encompassing infrastructure, development, operations, and support for these features. Also included are Power BI for Office 365 and Power Query Service. SOC 1 and SOC 2 SSAE 16/ISAE 3402 Attestations Scope: The following Azure features are in scope for the current SOC 1 Type 2 and SOC 2 Type 2 attestations: Cloud Services (includes stateless Web, and Worker roles), Storage (Tables, Blobs, Queues), Virtual Machines (includes persistent virtual machines for use with supported operating systems) and Virtual Network (includes Traffic Manager). Security Requirements for Azure Platform
And of course requirements for Data Centers: • Physical security of the data centers (locks, cameras, biometric devices, card readers, alarms) • Firewalls, application gateways and IDS to protect the network • Access Control Lists (ACLs) applied to virtual local area networks (VLANs) and applications • Authentication and authorization of persons or processes that request access to data • Hardening of the servers and operating system instances • Redundant internal and external DNS infrastructure with restricted write access • Securing of virtual machine objects • Securing of static and dynamic storage containers Security Requirements for Azure Platform
• Common Language Runtime (CLR) and CLR User-Defined Types • Database Mirroring • Service Broker • Table Partitioning • Typed XML and XML indexing is not supported. The XML data type is supported by SQL Azure. SQL Server 2005 {9.0} NON-Compability
• Change Data Capture • Data Auditing • Data Compression • Extended Events • External Key Management / Extensible Key Management • FILESTREAM Data • Integrated Full-Text Search • Large User-Defined Aggregates (UDAs) • Large User-Defined Types (UDTs) • Performance Data Collection (Data Collector) • Policy-Based Management • Resource Governor • SQL Server Replication • Transparent Data Encryption SQL Server 2008 {10.0} NON-Compability
• SQL Server Utility • SQL Server PowerShell Provider • Master Data Services SQL Server 2008 R2 {10.50} NON-Compability SQL Server Management Studio does not support Windows Azure SQL Database in versions prior to SQL Server 2008 R2
KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud
Summary
 Same security principals like SQL Server on premise  Full responsibility for DBA with Virtual Machine  Partial responsibility for DBA with Azure SQL Database  Automatic updates for Azure SQL Database  New functionality implemented by Microsoft  Some incompabilities with t-sql, functions, store procedures  Increased security by default on Azure platform SQL Server Security in the Cloud
Choose Azure SQL Database, if:  You are building brand new, cloud-based applications; or you want to migrate your existing SQL Server database to Azure and your database is not using one of the unsupported functionalities in Azure SQL Database. For more information, see Azure SQL Database Transact-SQL Reference. This approach provides the benefits of a fully managed cloud service and ensures the fast time-to-market.  You want to have Microsoft perform common management operations on your databases and require stronger availability SLAs for databases. This approach can minimize the administration costs and at the same time provides a guaranteed availability for the database. Choose SQL Server in Azure VM, if:  You have existing on-premises applications and wish to stop maintaining your own hardware or you consider hybrid solutions. This approach lets you get access to high database capacity faster and also connects your on- premises applications to the cloud via a secure tunnel.  You have existing IT resources, need full administrative rights over SQL Server, and require the full compatibility with on-premises SQL Server (for example, some features do not exist in Azure SQL Database). This approach lets you minimize costs for development or modifications of existing applications with the flexibility to run most applications. In addition, it provides full control on the VM, operating system, and database configuration. SQL Server in Cloud: WASD vs VM
Appendix (Links And Credits)
 ISECOM (the Institute for Security and Open Methodologies)  http://www.isecom.org/about-us.html  OSSTMM (Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual)  http://www.isecom.org/research/osstmm.html  Library of Resources for Industrial Control System Cyber Security  https://scadahacker.com/library/index.html  patterns & practices: Cloud Security Approach in a Nutshell  https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/ff742848.aspx  Microsoft Azure Trust Center: Security  http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/support/trust-center/security/  10 Things to know about Azure Security  https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/cloud/gg663906.aspx  Security Best Practice and Label Security Whitepapers  http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlsecurity/archive/2012/03/07/security-best-practice-and-label-security-whitepapers.aspx links
 Hello Secure World  http://www.microsoft.com/click/hellosecureworld/default.mspx  SQL Server Label Security Toolkit  http://sqlserverlst.codeplex.com/ SQL Server Best Practices Analyzer  Microsoft Baseline Configuration Analyzer 2.0  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=16475  SQL Server 2005 Best Practices Analyzer (August 2008)  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=23864  Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008 R2 Best Practices Analyzer  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=15289  Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012 Best Practices Analyzer  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29302 links
 Microsoft Security Assessment Tool  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=6D79DF9C-C6D1-4E8F-8000- 0BE72B430212&displaylang=en  Microsoft Application Verifier  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=bd02c19c-1250-433c-8c1b- 2619bd93b3a2&DisplayLang=en  Microsoft Threat Analysis & Modelling Tool  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=59888078-9daf-4e96-b7d1- 944703479451&DisplayLang=en  How To: Protect From SQL Injection in ASP.NET  http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms998271.aspx  Securing Your Database Server  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa302434.aspx  Threats and Countermeasures  http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/guidance/serversecurity/tcg/tcgch00.mspx links
 Configure Windows Service Accounts and Permissions  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms143504.aspx#Network_Service  Select an Account for the SQL Server Agent Service  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191543.aspx  Server Configuration - Service Accounts  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc281953.aspx links
 Azure Security: Technical Insights  Security Best Practices for Developing Azure Solutions  Protecting Data in Azure  Azure Network Security  Microsoft Antimalware for Azure Cloud Services and Virtual Machines  Microsoft Enterprise Cloud Red Teaming  Microsoft Azure Security and Audit Log Management  Security Management in Microsoft Azure  Crypto Services and Data Security in Azure azure resources: security
 Business Continuity for Azure  Understanding Security Account Management in Azure  Azure Data Security: Cleansing and Leakage  Scenarios and Solutions Using Azure Active Directory Access Control  Securing and Authenticating a Service Bus Connection  Azure Privacy Overview (PDF)  Azure Privacy Statement  Law Enforcement Request Report  Protecting Data and Privacy in the Cloud azure resources: security & privacy
 Response to Cloud Security Alliance Cloud Controls Matrix (DOC)  Azure HIPAA Implementation Guidance (PDF)  Azure Customer PCI Guide (PDF)  The Microsoft Approach to Cloud Transparency (PDF)  Microsoft Trustworthy Computing  Operational Security for Online Services Overview (PDF)  Data Classification for Cloud Readiness  CISO Perspectives on Data Classification (PDF)  An Introduction to Designing Reliable Cloud Services (PDF)  Deploying Highly Available and Secure Cloud Solutions (PDF) azure resources: compliance & more
azure resources RESOURCE DESCRIPTION MSDN: Azure SQL Database MSDN: SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines Azure.com: Azure SQL Database Links to the library documentation. Azure SQL Database and SQL Server -- Performance and Scalability Compared and Contrasted This article explains performance differences and troubleshooting techniques when using Azure SQL Database and SQL Server running on- premises or in a VM. Application Patterns and Development Strategies for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines This article discusses the most common application patterns that apply to SQL Server in Azure VMs and also hybrid scenarios including Azure SQL Database. Microsoft Enterprise Library Transient Fault Handling Application Block This library lets developers make their applications running on Azure SQL Database more resilient by adding robust transient fault handling logic. Transient faults are errors that occur because of some temporary condition such as network connectivity issues or service unavailability. Since Azure SQL Database is a multitenant service, it is important to handle such errors to minimize any application downtime.
 Yes, 123456 is the most common password, but here’s why that’s misleading http://arstechnica.com/security/2015/01/yes-123456-is-the-most-common-password-but-heres-why-thats-misleading/  CIO’s are Listening, Security is Important… https://communities.intel.com/community/itpeernetwork/blog/2014/05/20/cio-s-are-listening-security-is-important credits
after session CONTACT: • MAIL: KoprowskiT@windowslive.com • SOCIAL MEDIA: facebook, twitter, linkedin, xing SLIDES FROM SESSION: • SlideShare Profile: http://www.slideshare.net/Anorak • SQLSaturday Holland Page: http://www.sqlsaturday.com/434/Sessions/Schedule.aspx BLOGS: • ITPRO Anorak’s Vision: http://itblogs.pl/notbeautifulanymore/ [PL/EN] • Volume Licensing Specialites: http://koprowskit.eu/licensing/ [PL] • My MVP Blog: http://koprowskit.eu/geek/ [EN/ES/RU/NL/PL]
THANK YOU

More Related Content

PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLSatDenmark_WASDforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLSat409_MaintenancePlansForBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLSat419_WADBforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLRelayNottingham_BackupAndRestoreAD2015
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLAzureLandingInBelfast
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
38_Spotkanie_PLSSUGweWroclawiu_KilkaSłów_ApexSQL_FreeTools
Tobias Koprowski
 
PPTX
Azure Networking - The First Technical Challenge
Aidan Finn
 
PDF
Windows azure sql_database_security_isug012013
sqlserver.co.il
 
KoprowskiT_SQLSatDenmark_WASDforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLSat409_MaintenancePlansForBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLSat419_WADBforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLRelayNottingham_BackupAndRestoreAD2015
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLAzureLandingInBelfast
Tobias Koprowski
 
38_Spotkanie_PLSSUGweWroclawiu_KilkaSłów_ApexSQL_FreeTools
Tobias Koprowski
 
Azure Networking - The First Technical Challenge
Aidan Finn
 
Windows azure sql_database_security_isug012013
sqlserver.co.il
 

What's hot (20)

PPTX
Digitally Transform (And Keep) Your On-Premises File Servers
Aidan Finn
 
PDF
Microsoft azure - the cloud for modern business
Vinh Nguyen Quang
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_session1_SDNEvent_WASDforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
PPTX
SQL Explore 2012 - Meir Dudai: DAC
sqlserver.co.il
 
PPTX
Integrating security into the application development process
Jerod Brennen
 
PDF
Azure SQL Database Introduction by Tim Radney
Hasan Savran
 
PDF
Modern Data Security with MySQL
Vittorio Cioe
 
PPTX
Windows Azure Security Features And Functionality
vivekbhat
 
PPTX
Introduction to Azure SQL DB
Christopher Foot
 
PPTX
Cloud computing & windows azure intro
Haddy El-Haggan
 
PPTX
High Availability in Microsoft Azure
Krunal Trivedi
 
PPTX
Leveraging azure and cello for delivering highly scalable multi tenant
kanimozhin
 
PPTX
SQL Explore 2012 - Tzahi Hakikat and Keren Bartal: Extended Events
sqlserver.co.il
 
PPTX
Securing your data with Azure SQL DB
Microsoft Tech Community
 
PDF
Azure SQL Database for the SQL Server DBA - Azure Bootcamp Athens 2018
Antonios Chatzipavlis
 
PPTX
Tomcat and MySQL in Windows Azure
Guada Casuso
 
PPTX
IBM Spectrum Scale Authentication For Object - Deep Dive
Smita Raut
 
PPTX
Enter The Matrix Securing Azure’s Assets
BizTalk360
 
PPTX
Conquering Disaster Recovery Challenges and Out-of-Control Data with the Hybr...
actualtechmedia
 
PPTX
Server update management optimization
Allen Brokken
 
Digitally Transform (And Keep) Your On-Premises File Servers
Aidan Finn
 
Microsoft azure - the cloud for modern business
Vinh Nguyen Quang
 
KoprowskiT_session1_SDNEvent_WASDforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
SQL Explore 2012 - Meir Dudai: DAC
sqlserver.co.il
 
Integrating security into the application development process
Jerod Brennen
 
Azure SQL Database Introduction by Tim Radney
Hasan Savran
 
Modern Data Security with MySQL
Vittorio Cioe
 
Windows Azure Security Features And Functionality
vivekbhat
 
Introduction to Azure SQL DB
Christopher Foot
 
Cloud computing & windows azure intro
Haddy El-Haggan
 
High Availability in Microsoft Azure
Krunal Trivedi
 
Leveraging azure and cello for delivering highly scalable multi tenant
kanimozhin
 
SQL Explore 2012 - Tzahi Hakikat and Keren Bartal: Extended Events
sqlserver.co.il
 
Securing your data with Azure SQL DB
Microsoft Tech Community
 
Azure SQL Database for the SQL Server DBA - Azure Bootcamp Athens 2018
Antonios Chatzipavlis
 
Tomcat and MySQL in Windows Azure
Guada Casuso
 
IBM Spectrum Scale Authentication For Object - Deep Dive
Smita Raut
 
Enter The Matrix Securing Azure’s Assets
BizTalk360
 
Conquering Disaster Recovery Challenges and Out-of-Control Data with the Hybr...
actualtechmedia
 
Server update management optimization
Allen Brokken
 
Ad

Similar to KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud (20)

PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLRelayCaerdydd_SQLSecurityInTheClouds
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLRelayBirmingham_SQLSecurityInTheClouds
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT-Difinify2017-SQL_Security_In_The_Cloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
PPT
Fortress SQL Server
webhostingguy
 
PDF
ITCamp 2018 - Tobiasz Koprowski - Secure your data at rest - on demand, now!
ITCamp
 
PPTX
Sql server security in an insecure world
Gianluca Sartori
 
PPTX
The Spy Who Loathed Me - An Intro to SQL Server Security
Chris Bell
 
PPTX
Modern Data Security for the Enterprises – SQL Server & Azure SQL Database
WinWire Technologies Inc
 
PDF
10 Deadly Sins of SQL Server Configuration - APPSEC CALIFORNIA 2015
Scott Sutherland
 
PPTX
SQL Server 2012 Security Task
Yaakub Idris
 
PPT
SQL Server Security - Attack
webhostingguy
 
PPTX
Isaca sql server 2008 r2 security & auditing
Antonios Chatzipavlis
 
DOCX
Sql server 2008 r2 security overviewfor admins
Klaudiia Jacome
 
PPTX
Overview of Microsoft Sql Server Security
Gary Manley, MA, PMP
 
PDF
Hardening a SQL Server 2008 Implementation
Mark Ginnebaugh
 
PPT
SQL Server Security
sunitkanyan
 
PPT
Where should I be encrypting my data?
Information Technology Society Nepal
 
PPTX
Geek Sync | Handling HIPAA Compliance with Your Data Access
IDERA Software
 
PPTX
SQL Server Security and Intrusion Prevention
Gabriel Villa
 
PPT
Securing you SQL Server - Denver, RMTT
Gabriel Villa
 
KoprowskiT_SQLRelayCaerdydd_SQLSecurityInTheClouds
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLRelayBirmingham_SQLSecurityInTheClouds
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT-Difinify2017-SQL_Security_In_The_Cloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
Fortress SQL Server
webhostingguy
 
ITCamp 2018 - Tobiasz Koprowski - Secure your data at rest - on demand, now!
ITCamp
 
Sql server security in an insecure world
Gianluca Sartori
 
The Spy Who Loathed Me - An Intro to SQL Server Security
Chris Bell
 
Modern Data Security for the Enterprises – SQL Server & Azure SQL Database
WinWire Technologies Inc
 
10 Deadly Sins of SQL Server Configuration - APPSEC CALIFORNIA 2015
Scott Sutherland
 
SQL Server 2012 Security Task
Yaakub Idris
 
SQL Server Security - Attack
webhostingguy
 
Isaca sql server 2008 r2 security & auditing
Antonios Chatzipavlis
 
Sql server 2008 r2 security overviewfor admins
Klaudiia Jacome
 
Overview of Microsoft Sql Server Security
Gary Manley, MA, PMP
 
Hardening a SQL Server 2008 Implementation
Mark Ginnebaugh
 
SQL Server Security
sunitkanyan
 
Where should I be encrypting my data?
Information Technology Society Nepal
 
Geek Sync | Handling HIPAA Compliance with Your Data Access
IDERA Software
 
SQL Server Security and Intrusion Prevention
Gabriel Villa
 
Securing you SQL Server - Denver, RMTT
Gabriel Villa
 
Ad

More from Tobias Koprowski (20)

PDF
KoprowskiT_2AMaDisasterJustBeganAD2018
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
DataMindsConnect2018_SECDEVOPS
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLDay2016_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT-Difinify2017-SQL_ServerBackup_In_The_Cloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_PASSEastMidsFEB16_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLSatMoscow_2AMaDisaterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLSatMoscow_WASDforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SBIPTI_Keynote
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_Session2_SDNEvent_SourceControlForDBA
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLSaturdayManchester_2AMaDisasterJustbegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLSaturday409_MaintenancePlansForBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SPBizConf_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_InfoTRAMS_TrustThePrimer
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SPBizConference_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_ESRM_TrustThePrimer
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_ECCV_Trust.ThePrimer
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#9_London_FromPlanToBackupToCloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#8_Birmingham_FromPlanToBackupToCloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#6_Leeds_WADBForBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
PDF
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#5_Newcastle_FromPlanToBackupToCloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_2AMaDisasterJustBeganAD2018
Tobias Koprowski
 
DataMindsConnect2018_SECDEVOPS
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLDay2016_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT-Difinify2017-SQL_ServerBackup_In_The_Cloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_PASSEastMidsFEB16_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLSatMoscow_2AMaDisaterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLSatMoscow_WASDforBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SBIPTI_Keynote
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_Session2_SDNEvent_SourceControlForDBA
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLSaturdayManchester_2AMaDisasterJustbegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLSaturday409_MaintenancePlansForBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SPBizConf_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_InfoTRAMS_TrustThePrimer
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SPBizConference_2AMaDisasterJustBegan
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_ESRM_TrustThePrimer
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_ECCV_Trust.ThePrimer
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#9_London_FromPlanToBackupToCloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#8_Birmingham_FromPlanToBackupToCloud
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#6_Leeds_WADBForBeginners
Tobias Koprowski
 
KoprowskiT_SQLRelay2014#5_Newcastle_FromPlanToBackupToCloud
Tobias Koprowski
 

Recently uploaded (20)

PPTX
New ThousandEyes Product Innovations: Cisco Live June 2025
ThousandEyes
 
PDF
AI-Cloud-Business-Management-Platforms-The-Key-to-Efficiency-Growth.pdf
Artjoker Software Development Company
 
PDF
A Strategic Analysis of the MVNO Wave in Emerging Markets.pdf
IPLOOK Networks
 
PPTX
cloud computing vai.pptx for the project
vaibhavdobariyal79
 
PDF
How Open Source Changed My Career by abdelrahman ismail
a0m0rajab1
 
PPTX
Applied-Statistics-Mastering-Data-Driven-Decisions.pptx
parmaryashparmaryash
 
PDF
Trying to figure out MCP by actually building an app from scratch with open s...
Julien SIMON
 
PDF
Peak of Data & AI Encore - Real-Time Insights & Scalable Editing with ArcGIS
Safe Software
 
PDF
Accelerating Oracle Database 23ai Troubleshooting with Oracle AHF Fleet Insig...
Sandesh Rao
 
PPTX
Agile Chennai 18-19 July 2025 Ideathon | AI Powered Microfinance Literacy Gui...
AgileNetwork
 
PPTX
Introduction to Flutter by Ayush Desai.pptx
ayushdesai204
 
PDF
AI Unleashed - Shaping the Future -Starting Today - AIOUG Yatra 2025 - For Co...
Sandesh Rao
 
PDF
The Future of Mobile Is Context-Aware—Are You Ready?
iProgrammer Solutions Private Limited
 
PDF
Automating ArcGIS Content Discovery with FME: A Real World Use Case
Safe Software
 
PDF
The Future of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Mukul
 
PPTX
The-Ethical-Hackers-Imperative-Safeguarding-the-Digital-Frontier.pptx
sujalchauhan1305
 
PDF
OFFOFFBOX™ – A New Era for African Film | Startup Presentation
ambaicciwalkerbrian
 
PDF
Using Anchore and DefectDojo to Stand Up Your DevSecOps Function
Anchore
 
PDF
Google I/O Extended 2025 Baku - all ppts
HusseinMalikMammadli
 
PDF
How ETL Control Logic Keeps Your Pipelines Safe and Reliable.pdf
Stryv Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
 
New ThousandEyes Product Innovations: Cisco Live June 2025
ThousandEyes
 
AI-Cloud-Business-Management-Platforms-The-Key-to-Efficiency-Growth.pdf
Artjoker Software Development Company
 
A Strategic Analysis of the MVNO Wave in Emerging Markets.pdf
IPLOOK Networks
 
cloud computing vai.pptx for the project
vaibhavdobariyal79
 
How Open Source Changed My Career by abdelrahman ismail
a0m0rajab1
 
Applied-Statistics-Mastering-Data-Driven-Decisions.pptx
parmaryashparmaryash
 
Trying to figure out MCP by actually building an app from scratch with open s...
Julien SIMON
 
Peak of Data & AI Encore - Real-Time Insights & Scalable Editing with ArcGIS
Safe Software
 
Accelerating Oracle Database 23ai Troubleshooting with Oracle AHF Fleet Insig...
Sandesh Rao
 
Agile Chennai 18-19 July 2025 Ideathon | AI Powered Microfinance Literacy Gui...
AgileNetwork
 
Introduction to Flutter by Ayush Desai.pptx
ayushdesai204
 
AI Unleashed - Shaping the Future -Starting Today - AIOUG Yatra 2025 - For Co...
Sandesh Rao
 
The Future of Mobile Is Context-Aware—Are You Ready?
iProgrammer Solutions Private Limited
 
Automating ArcGIS Content Discovery with FME: A Real World Use Case
Safe Software
 
The Future of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Mukul
 
The-Ethical-Hackers-Imperative-Safeguarding-the-Digital-Frontier.pptx
sujalchauhan1305
 
OFFOFFBOX™ – A New Era for African Film | Startup Presentation
ambaicciwalkerbrian
 
Using Anchore and DefectDojo to Stand Up Your DevSecOps Function
Anchore
 
Google I/O Extended 2025 Baku - all ppts
HusseinMalikMammadli
 
How ETL Control Logic Keeps Your Pipelines Safe and Reliable.pdf
Stryv Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
 

KoprowskiT_SQLSatHolland_SQLServerSecurityInTheCloud

  • 1. SQL Security in the Clouds Tobiasz J. Koprowski Independent Consultant @ ShadowLand Consulting http://koprowskit.eu/geek || http://itblogs.pl/notbeautifulanymore KoprowskiT uk.linkedin.com/in/koprowskit
  • 2. about me • independent consultant, security & licensing auditor • Owner of ShadowLand Consulting • Microsoft Certified Trainer • SQL Server MVP (six… years in a row) • MVP Mentor Program Member • SharePoint Subject Matter Expert at CQURE • active blogger, influencer, technical writer • last 9 years living in Data Processing Center Jungle • last 15 years working arroung banking and ICT • Polish Information Technology Society Board Member • Information Security Systems Association Board Member
  • 3. 1 | Security in a Nutshell 2 | SQL Server Security Best Practices 3 | SQL Server 2014 Security Enhacement 4 | SQL Server Security in The Cloud Summary Appendix AGENDA
  • 6. 1 | Security In A Nutshell
  • 7.  Security is the degree of resistance to, or protection from, harm. It applies to any vulnerable and valuable asset, such as a person, dwelling, community, nation, or organization.  As noted by the Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM) in the OSSTMM 3 (Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual), security provides "a form of protection where a separation is created between the assets and the threat." These separations are generically called "controls," and sometimes include changes to the asset or the threat. Security? What is this?
  • 8. Categorizing Security - part 1 {IT REALM} • Application security | http://bit.ly/18u8J6p • Computing security | http://bit.ly/1ARdRLd • Data security | http://bit.ly/185wfph • Information security | http://bit.ly/1ARe0ya • Network security | http://bit.ly/1C443R8
  • 9. Categorizing Security - part 2 {PHYSICAL REALM}  Airport security | http://bit.ly/1LPZcCZ  Food security | http://bit.ly/1MYnii6  Home security | http://bit.ly/1Gz3VI1  Infrastructure security | http://bit.ly/1Bm8LIF  Physical security | http://bit.ly/1Gz3VI1  Port security | http://bit.ly/1ARewMH  Supply chain security | http://bit.ly/1Ex7ob7  School security | http://bit.ly/17Dl735  Shopping center security | http://bit.ly/1EUb1FV
  • 10. Categorizing Security - part 3 {POLITICAL REALM} • Homeland security | http://bit.ly/1AAwZhE • Human security | http://bit.ly/1DhojtU • International security | http://bit.ly/1MYoyli • National security | http://bit.ly/1FEnldu • Public security | http://bit.ly/1wqpX9P
  • 11. Categorizing Security - part 4 {SQL SERVER REALM} • Application security • Computing security • Data security • Information security • Network security • Home security • Infrastructure security • Physical security • National security • Public security
  • 12. 2 | SQL Server Security Best Practices
  • 13.  Efficiency and security have an inverse relationship to one another.  You can have high efficiency or high security, but not both. Example: `Small Bank Company` tend to favor efficiency over security:  Cost limitations. This is the first and obvious reason. Community banks are fighting a constant battle to remain competitive. Implementing security in systems adds costs - there is no way around it.  Risk. It's not always a conscious decision for a bank to improve efficiency by sacrificing security. Sometimes there's a lack of understanding of the risks associated with the systems we deploy.  Personnel limitations. The many-hats syndrome runs rampant in smaller community banks.  Regulatory emphasis. The current regulatory environment stresses controls as they relate to policy and procedures. SQL Server Security Best Practices
  • 14. authentication  SQL Server supports: • Windows Authentication Mode which supports • Kerberos • NTLM (Windows NT Lan Manager) • Mixed Mode Authentication which supports • Windows Accounts • SQL Server specific accounts SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: use Windows Authentication mode unless legacy application require Mixed Authentication for backward compability
  • 15. secure sysadmin account • sysadmin account (sa) is most vulnerable account when it’s not changed • potential SQL Server attackers, hackers aware of this SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: change name of sysadmin account after installation SSMS>Object Explorer>Logins>Rename (right click) / T-SQL
  • 16. use complex password SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: ensure that complex password are used for sa and other sql-server-specific logins. Think about ENFORCE EXPIRATION & MUST_CHANGE for any new SQL login
  • 17. use specific logins Best Practice: use different accounts for different sql-server oriented services Component Windows Server 2008 Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 and higher Recommended accounts Database Engine NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_Engine SQL Server Agent NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_Agent SSAS NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_srvAS SSIS NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_srvIS SSRS NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_srvRS SQL Server Distributed Replay Controller NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_DRContro SQL Server Distributed Replay Client NETWORK SERVICE Virtual Account * SQL_DRReplay FD Launcher (Full-text Search) LOCAL SERVICE Virtual Account SQL Server Browser LOCAL SERVICE LOCAL SERVICE SQL Server VSS Writer LOCAL SYSTEM LOCAL SYSTEM SECURITY BEST PRACTICES
  • 18. sysadmin membership • Member of sysadmin fixed-server role can do whatever they want on SQL Server • by default sysadmin fixed-server role has CONTROL SERVER permission granted explicity • do not explicitly grant CONTROL SERVER for Windows logins, Windows Group logins and SQL logins SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: carefully choose the membership of sysadmin fixed-server
  • 19. general administration • everything (almost always) works under sa account especially with CONTROL SERVER permission • institute dedicated Windows logins for DBAs, and assign these logins sysadmin rights on SQL Server for administration purposes. SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: use built-in fixed server roles and database roles or create your custom roles, then apply for specific logins
  • 20. revoke guest access • by default guest accounts exist in every user and system databases • is a potential security risk in lock down environment • those accounts could be targets for attackers • asssign public server role membership if you will need explicit access to user databases SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: disable all gueast user access from all user and system databases (excluding msdb database)
  • 21. limit public permission • SQL Server has many Stored Procedures and many od them have public access permission:  OLE AUTOMATION: sp_OACreate, sp_OAGetProperty, sp_OAStop, sp_OAMethod, sp_OAGerErrorInfo, sp_OADestroy, sp_OASetProperty  REGISTRY ACCESS: xp_regremovemultistring, xp_regaddmultistring, xp_regread, xp_regdeletekey, xp_regdeletevalue, xp_regwrite  OTHER ROUTINES: sp_sdidebug, xp_logevent, sp_sprintf, xp_dsninfo, xp_msver, sp_sscanf, xp_stopmail, xp_grantlogin, xp_eventlog, xp_dirtree SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: revoke public role access for some axtended procedures and check other store procedures
  • 22. hardening sql server ports • default sql server port 1433/1434 is well known as standard target for hackers • by using SQL Server Configuration Manager you: • can change default port • can use specific TCP port intead of dynamic • remeber about similar TCP/UDP ports (1433, 1434) SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: change default SQL Server port if it’s possible
  • 23. disable sql server browser • by default SQL Server Browser is disabled • tt’s necessary to run when multiple instances are running on a single server • any Windows user having the following rights would be capable to run the SQL Server Browser service:  deny access to this computer from the network / deny logon locally / deny logon as a batch job  Deny logon through Terminal Services / log on as a service / read and write the SQL Server registry keys related to network communication (ports and pipes) SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: change default SQL Server port if it’s possible
  • 24. secure service accounts • different service accounts for different services • dedicated low-privileges domain accounts • check membership on a regular basis • use strong and different passwords for each account SECURITY BEST PRACTICES Best Practice: create good plan and make note about service accounts and passwords
  • 26. 3 | SQL Server 2014 Security Enhacements
  • 27. transparent data encryption • first introduced with SQL Server 2008 • protecting data by performing I/O encryption and decryption for database and log files • passphrase (less secure), asymmetric key (strong protection, poor performance), symmetric key (good performance, strong enough protection), certificate (strong protection, good performance) • New functionality for backup: • takes non-encrypted backup data • encrypt data before writing to disk • compression is performed on the backup data first • then encryption is applied to compressed data • support for backup to Azure SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
  • 28. encryption key management • Encryption options include: • encryption algorithm • certificate or asymmetric key • only asymmetric key reside in EKM is supported • multiple algorithm up to AES-256 are supported • manageable by PowerShell, SMO, SSMS, T-SQL • VERY IMPORTANT: • asymmetric key or certificate MUST be backed up • location MUST be different than backup location • No RESTORE without asymmetric key or certificate SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
  • 29. connect any database • new server-level permission • grant CONNECT ANY DATABASE to a login that must connect to all databases currently exist and any new in future • does not grant any parmission in any database beyond connect • to allow an auditing process to view all data or all database states CONNECT ANY DATABASE may be combined with: • SELECT ALL USER SECURABLES • VIEW SERVER STATE SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
  • 30. impersonate any login • new server-level permission • when granted IMPERSONATE ANY LOGIN allows a middle-tier process to impersonate the account of clients connecting to it • when denied IMPERSONATE ANY LOGIN a high privileged login can be blocked from impersonating other logins • example: CONTROL SERVER permission can be blocked from impersonating other logins SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
  • 31. select all user securables • new server-level permission • when granted SELECT ALL USER SECURABLES a login (for example for auditing purposes) can view data in all databases that the user can connect to SQL14 SECURITY ENHACEMENTS
  • 32. • by default: • instance name: SQLExpress • networking protocol: disabled • sql server browser: disabled • user (local) instances: • separated instance generated from parent instance • sysadmin privileges on SQL Express on local machine • runs as user process not as service process • only windows logins are supported • RANU instance (run as normal user) SQL Server Express Security
  • 34. 4 | SQL Server Security In The Cloud
  • 35. Microsoft Cloud Security Approach in a Nutshell  Principles, patterns, and practices  Security engineering  Threats and countermeasures  Secure the network, host, and application  Application scenarios and solutions  Security frame  People, process, and technology  Application, infrastructure, and business Cloud Security http://bit.ly/1zmeYi2
  • 36. • uses regular sql security model • authenticate logins, map to users and roles • authorize users and roles to sql objects • support for standard sql auth logins • username + password • {admin, administrator, guest, root, sa} Security Model Security model is 100% compatible with on-premise SQL
  • 37. Security Requirements for Azure Platform  North America • North-central US - Chicago, IL • South-central US - San Antonio, TX • West US - California • East US - Virginia  Asia • East Asia - Hong Kong, China • South East Asia – Singapore • South America • Brasil – Sao Paulo Microsoft Azure Datacenters  Europe • North Europe - Dublin, Ireland • West Europe - Amsterdam, Netherlands  Japan • Japan East, the Tokyo area • Japan West, the Kansai area  Oceania (announced, coming soon) • Sydney, New South Wales • Melbourne, Victoria
  • 38. § As a Service Provider Microsoft has an obligation to passing the several rules for security: • ISO 27001/27002 Audit and Certification • SOC 1/SSAE 16/ISAE 3402 and SOC 2 Attestations • Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) • Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standards (DSS) Level 1 Security Requirements for Azure Platform
  • 39. Also they passing (…) several data securing audits: • Australian Government Information Security Registered Assessors Program (IRAP) • United Kingdom G-Cloud Australian Government IRAP • Multi-Tier Cloud Security Standard for Singapore (MTCS SS 584:2013) • HIPAA Business Associate Agreement (BAA) • EU Model Clauses • Food and Drug Administration 21 CFR Part 11 • Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) • Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 • Trusted Cloud Service Certification developed by China Cloud Computing Promotion and Policy Forum (CCCPPF) • Multi-Level Protection Scheme (MLPS) Security Requirements for Azure Platform
  • 40. ISO/IEC 27001:2005 Audit and Certification ISO Scope: The following Azure features are in scope for the current ISO audit: Cloud Services (including Fabric and RDFE), Storage (Tables, Blobs, Queues), Virtual Machines (including with SQL Server), Virtual Network, Traffic Manager, Web Sites, BizTalk Services, Media Services, Mobile Services, Service Bus, Workflow, Multi-Factor Authentication, Active Directory, Right Management Service, SQL Database, and HDInsight. This includes the Information Security Management System (ISMS) for Azure, encompassing infrastructure, development, operations, and support for these features. Also included are Power BI for Office 365 and Power Query Service. SOC 1 and SOC 2 SSAE 16/ISAE 3402 Attestations Scope: The following Azure features are in scope for the current SOC 1 Type 2 and SOC 2 Type 2 attestations: Cloud Services (includes stateless Web, and Worker roles), Storage (Tables, Blobs, Queues), Virtual Machines (includes persistent virtual machines for use with supported operating systems) and Virtual Network (includes Traffic Manager). Security Requirements for Azure Platform
  • 41. And of course requirements for Data Centers: • Physical security of the data centers (locks, cameras, biometric devices, card readers, alarms) • Firewalls, application gateways and IDS to protect the network • Access Control Lists (ACLs) applied to virtual local area networks (VLANs) and applications • Authentication and authorization of persons or processes that request access to data • Hardening of the servers and operating system instances • Redundant internal and external DNS infrastructure with restricted write access • Securing of virtual machine objects • Securing of static and dynamic storage containers Security Requirements for Azure Platform
  • 42. • Common Language Runtime (CLR) and CLR User-Defined Types • Database Mirroring • Service Broker • Table Partitioning • Typed XML and XML indexing is not supported. The XML data type is supported by SQL Azure. SQL Server 2005 {9.0} NON-Compability
  • 43. • Change Data Capture • Data Auditing • Data Compression • Extended Events • External Key Management / Extensible Key Management • FILESTREAM Data • Integrated Full-Text Search • Large User-Defined Aggregates (UDAs) • Large User-Defined Types (UDTs) • Performance Data Collection (Data Collector) • Policy-Based Management • Resource Governor • SQL Server Replication • Transparent Data Encryption SQL Server 2008 {10.0} NON-Compability
  • 44. • SQL Server Utility • SQL Server PowerShell Provider • Master Data Services SQL Server 2008 R2 {10.50} NON-Compability SQL Server Management Studio does not support Windows Azure SQL Database in versions prior to SQL Server 2008 R2
  • 47.  Same security principals like SQL Server on premise  Full responsibility for DBA with Virtual Machine  Partial responsibility for DBA with Azure SQL Database  Automatic updates for Azure SQL Database  New functionality implemented by Microsoft  Some incompabilities with t-sql, functions, store procedures  Increased security by default on Azure platform SQL Server Security in the Cloud
  • 48. Choose Azure SQL Database, if:  You are building brand new, cloud-based applications; or you want to migrate your existing SQL Server database to Azure and your database is not using one of the unsupported functionalities in Azure SQL Database. For more information, see Azure SQL Database Transact-SQL Reference. This approach provides the benefits of a fully managed cloud service and ensures the fast time-to-market.  You want to have Microsoft perform common management operations on your databases and require stronger availability SLAs for databases. This approach can minimize the administration costs and at the same time provides a guaranteed availability for the database. Choose SQL Server in Azure VM, if:  You have existing on-premises applications and wish to stop maintaining your own hardware or you consider hybrid solutions. This approach lets you get access to high database capacity faster and also connects your on- premises applications to the cloud via a secure tunnel.  You have existing IT resources, need full administrative rights over SQL Server, and require the full compatibility with on-premises SQL Server (for example, some features do not exist in Azure SQL Database). This approach lets you minimize costs for development or modifications of existing applications with the flexibility to run most applications. In addition, it provides full control on the VM, operating system, and database configuration. SQL Server in Cloud: WASD vs VM
  • 50.  ISECOM (the Institute for Security and Open Methodologies)  http://www.isecom.org/about-us.html  OSSTMM (Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual)  http://www.isecom.org/research/osstmm.html  Library of Resources for Industrial Control System Cyber Security  https://scadahacker.com/library/index.html  patterns & practices: Cloud Security Approach in a Nutshell  https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/ff742848.aspx  Microsoft Azure Trust Center: Security  http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/support/trust-center/security/  10 Things to know about Azure Security  https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/cloud/gg663906.aspx  Security Best Practice and Label Security Whitepapers  http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlsecurity/archive/2012/03/07/security-best-practice-and-label-security-whitepapers.aspx links
  • 51.  Hello Secure World  http://www.microsoft.com/click/hellosecureworld/default.mspx  SQL Server Label Security Toolkit  http://sqlserverlst.codeplex.com/ SQL Server Best Practices Analyzer  Microsoft Baseline Configuration Analyzer 2.0  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=16475  SQL Server 2005 Best Practices Analyzer (August 2008)  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=23864  Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008 R2 Best Practices Analyzer  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=15289  Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012 Best Practices Analyzer  http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29302 links
  • 52.  Microsoft Security Assessment Tool  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=6D79DF9C-C6D1-4E8F-8000- 0BE72B430212&displaylang=en  Microsoft Application Verifier  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=bd02c19c-1250-433c-8c1b- 2619bd93b3a2&DisplayLang=en  Microsoft Threat Analysis & Modelling Tool  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=59888078-9daf-4e96-b7d1- 944703479451&DisplayLang=en  How To: Protect From SQL Injection in ASP.NET  http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms998271.aspx  Securing Your Database Server  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa302434.aspx  Threats and Countermeasures  http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/guidance/serversecurity/tcg/tcgch00.mspx links
  • 53.  Configure Windows Service Accounts and Permissions  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms143504.aspx#Network_Service  Select an Account for the SQL Server Agent Service  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191543.aspx  Server Configuration - Service Accounts  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc281953.aspx links
  • 54.  Azure Security: Technical Insights  Security Best Practices for Developing Azure Solutions  Protecting Data in Azure  Azure Network Security  Microsoft Antimalware for Azure Cloud Services and Virtual Machines  Microsoft Enterprise Cloud Red Teaming  Microsoft Azure Security and Audit Log Management  Security Management in Microsoft Azure  Crypto Services and Data Security in Azure azure resources: security
  • 55.  Business Continuity for Azure  Understanding Security Account Management in Azure  Azure Data Security: Cleansing and Leakage  Scenarios and Solutions Using Azure Active Directory Access Control  Securing and Authenticating a Service Bus Connection  Azure Privacy Overview (PDF)  Azure Privacy Statement  Law Enforcement Request Report  Protecting Data and Privacy in the Cloud azure resources: security & privacy
  • 56.  Response to Cloud Security Alliance Cloud Controls Matrix (DOC)  Azure HIPAA Implementation Guidance (PDF)  Azure Customer PCI Guide (PDF)  The Microsoft Approach to Cloud Transparency (PDF)  Microsoft Trustworthy Computing  Operational Security for Online Services Overview (PDF)  Data Classification for Cloud Readiness  CISO Perspectives on Data Classification (PDF)  An Introduction to Designing Reliable Cloud Services (PDF)  Deploying Highly Available and Secure Cloud Solutions (PDF) azure resources: compliance & more
  • 57. azure resources RESOURCE DESCRIPTION MSDN: Azure SQL Database MSDN: SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines Azure.com: Azure SQL Database Links to the library documentation. Azure SQL Database and SQL Server -- Performance and Scalability Compared and Contrasted This article explains performance differences and troubleshooting techniques when using Azure SQL Database and SQL Server running on- premises or in a VM. Application Patterns and Development Strategies for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines This article discusses the most common application patterns that apply to SQL Server in Azure VMs and also hybrid scenarios including Azure SQL Database. Microsoft Enterprise Library Transient Fault Handling Application Block This library lets developers make their applications running on Azure SQL Database more resilient by adding robust transient fault handling logic. Transient faults are errors that occur because of some temporary condition such as network connectivity issues or service unavailability. Since Azure SQL Database is a multitenant service, it is important to handle such errors to minimize any application downtime.
  • 58.  Yes, 123456 is the most common password, but here’s why that’s misleading http://arstechnica.com/security/2015/01/yes-123456-is-the-most-common-password-but-heres-why-thats-misleading/  CIO’s are Listening, Security is Important… https://communities.intel.com/community/itpeernetwork/blog/2014/05/20/cio-s-are-listening-security-is-important credits
  • 59. after session CONTACT: • MAIL: [email protected] • SOCIAL MEDIA: facebook, twitter, linkedin, xing SLIDES FROM SESSION: • SlideShare Profile: http://www.slideshare.net/Anorak • SQLSaturday Holland Page: http://www.sqlsaturday.com/434/Sessions/Schedule.aspx BLOGS: • ITPRO Anorak’s Vision: http://itblogs.pl/notbeautifulanymore/ [PL/EN] • Volume Licensing Specialites: http://koprowskit.eu/licensing/ [PL] • My MVP Blog: http://koprowskit.eu/geek/ [EN/ES/RU/NL/PL]