Latin I lesson 11
- 1. Latin 1 / Intro to Latin Infinitives and Imperatives
- 2. Infinitives – The Official Mumbo Jumbo A verb form • Not limited by a subject • Not fully inflected for tense, mood, number, gender, person • Can function somewhat as another part of speech
- 3. Infinitives – What You Need to Know “to” + definition of the verb
- 4. Infinitives in English • Nounish –To err is human, to forgive divine. –I love to swim. –She was asked to speak. –He wants to learn to cook.
- 5. Infinitives in English • Nounish • Adjectivish –We have work to do. –I don’t have time to waste. • Adverbish –She came over to talk.
- 6. Infinitives in Latin The infinitive is the second principal part of the verb. laudō, laudāre, laudāvi, laudātus: praise laudāre = to praise
- 7. Definition 1st 2nd 3rd 4th walk ambulō ambulāre ambulāvī ambulātus love amō amāre amāvī amātus shout clāmō clāmāre clāmāvī clāmātus crown corōnō corōnāre corōnāvī corōnātus give dō dare dedī datus praise laudō laudāre laudāvī laudātus choose optō optāre optāvī optātus prepare parō parāre parāvī parātus carry portō portāre portāvī portātus fight pūgnō pūgnāre pūgnāvī pūgnātus call vocō vocāre vocāvī vocātus
- 8. • Errāre humanum est • Optō pugnāre • Amō ambulāre • Amās clamāre • Amat dare • Amāmus laudāre • Amātis portāre • Amant vocāre • Amābis natāre
- 9. Imperatives – The Official Mumbo Jumbo One of three moods in Latin • Indicative – Reality: statement of facts • Subjunctive – Irreality: wish, possibility, opinion, etc • Imperative – Command or Order
- 10. Imperatives – What You Need to Know Command or Order
- 11. Imperatives in English • Come here. • Stop! • Drop and give me 20. • Have a nice day. • Please pass the peas. • Don’t forget to brush your teeth.
- 12. Imperatives in Latin Singular Plural Positive Verb stem Verb stem + “-te” Imperative Negative “Nōlī” + “Nōlīte” + verb infinitive verb infinitive
- 13. Imperatives in Latin Singular Plural Verb stem Verb stem + “-te” Positive ambulā ambulāte Walk! Walk! (>1 person) Ambulō, ambul āre: walk Negative “Nōlī” + verb infinitive “Nōlīte” + verb infinitive Nōlī ambulāre Nōlīte ambulāre Don’t Walk! Don’t Walk! (>1 person)
- 14. Imperatives in Latin Singular Plural Verb stem Verb stem + “-te” Positive spectā spectāte Watch! Watch! (>1 person) Spectō, spectāre: watch Negative “Nōlī” + verb infinitive “Nōlīte” + verb infinitive Nōlī spectāre Nōlīte spectāre Don’t Watch! Don’t Watch! (>1 person)