Learning Maven by Example
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This document provides examples and explanations of using Maven for building Java projects. It begins with installing Maven and describing its core concepts like the project object model (POM), plugins, goals, lifecycles and dependency management. It then walks through two examples: a simple project built and run with Maven commands, and using Maven to optimize a more complex project structure. The document also explains how to set up a Maven repository for dependency storage and integration with Jenkins for continuous integration builds.
![Example 1 - maven command
• # help
centos:~/project # mvn help:describe -Dplugin=clean [-
Dfull]
• # compile
centos:~/project # mvn clean compile
• # run test case
centos:~/project # mvn clean test [-
Dmaven.test.failure.ignore=true]
• # package
centos:~/project # mvn clean package
• # install module
centos:~/project # mvn clean install [-DskipTests]
• # run
centos:~/project # mvn exec:java [-
Dexec.mainClass=mypackage.Hello]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/maven-160123023223/85/Learning-Maven-by-Example-10-320.jpg)
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Learning Maven by Example
- 2. Outline • Introduction to Maven • Example 1 - simple case – build jar with command – build jar with maven • Example 2 - complex case – optimize POM • Maven Repository • Maven Project on Jenkins
- 3. Build Jar Flow submit sync send email deploy dependency
- 4. Introduction to Maven • What is maven – A more formal definition of Apache Maven: Maven is a project management tool which encompasses a project object model, a set of standards, a project lifecycle, a dependency management system, and logic for executing plugin goals at defined phases in a lifecycle. • Convention over Configuration – Maven concept is "Convention over Configuration". Maven provides default values for the project's configuration. Systems, libraries, and frameworks should assume reasonable defaults. Without requiring unnecessary configuration, systems should "just work" Ref: apche Maven
- 5. Installation • # install maven centos:~ # wget http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/pub/Apache/maven/maven- 3/3.3.9/binaries/apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz centos:~ # tar zxf apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz -C /opt centos:~ # ln -s /opt/apache-maven-3.3.9 /opt/apache- maven • # setup environment variable centos:~ # export MAVEN_HOME=/opt/apache-maven centos:~ # export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin centos:~ # echo $JAVA_HOME centos:~ # mvn -v • # other maven options centos:~ # export MAVEN_OPTS="-Xms512m"
- 6. Example 1 - code & config mypackage/Hello.java log4j.properties mypackage/HelloTest.java
- 7. Example 1 – build, run & test • # compile centos:~ # javac -cp log4j-1.2.12.jar mypackage/Hello.java centos:~ # javac -cp ~/junit-4.10.jar:mypackage.jar mypackage/HelloTest.java • # package (create jar) centos:~ # jar cf mypackage.jar mypackage • # run centos:~ # java -cp log4j-1.2.12.jar:mypackage.jar - Dlog4j.configuration=file:///root/log4j.properties centos:~ # java -cp ~/junit-4.10.jar:mypackage.jar org.junit.runner.JUnitCore mypackage/HelloTest
- 8. Example 1 - maven folder structureproject folder test case folder application folder
- 9. Example 1 - pom.xml jar cf mypackage.jar mypackage javac -cp log4j-1.2.12.jar mypackage/Hello.java java -cp log4j-1.2.12.jar mypackage
- 10. Example 1 - maven command • # help centos:~/project # mvn help:describe -Dplugin=clean [- Dfull] • # compile centos:~/project # mvn clean compile • # run test case centos:~/project # mvn clean test [- Dmaven.test.failure.ignore=true] • # package centos:~/project # mvn clean package • # install module centos:~/project # mvn clean install [-DskipTests] • # run centos:~/project # mvn exec:java [- Dexec.mainClass=mypackage.Hello]
- 11. Example 1 - mvn compile & package
- 12. Maven Core Concept • Coordinates • Plugins and Goals • Lifecycle • Repositories • Dependency Management • Site Generation and Reporting
- 14. Plugin and Goal • Maven is - at its heart - a plugin execution framework; all work is done by plugins(Plugin is a collection of one or more goals). Looking for a specific goal to execute? This page lists the core plugins and others. There are the build and the reporting plugins: – Build plugins will be executed during the build and they should be configured in the <build/> element from the POM. – Reporting plugins will be executed during the site generation and they should be configured in the <reporting/> element from the POM/
- 15. Lifecycle • A build lifecycle is an organized sequence of phases that exist to give order to a set of goals. Those goals are chosen and bound by the packaging type of the project being acted upon. There are three standard lifecycles in Maven: clean, default (sometimes called build) and site.
- 16. Command Syntax • # syntax 1 centos:~/project # mvn <coordinate>:<goal> centos:~/project # mvn org.apache.maven.plugin:maven-help- plugin:2.1:describe • # syntax 2 centos:~/project # mvn <plugin>:<goal> centos:~/project # mvn help:describe • # syntax 3 centos:~/project # mvn <phase> centos:~/project # mvn compile <groupId>:<artifactId>:<version>:<goal>
- 17. Default/Build lifecycle phase • Default – Handle project building and deployment validate compile test packagedeploy install
- 18. Lifecycle – clean and site phases • Clean – Cleaning target folder and generated file • Site – Generate documentation pre-clean clean post-clean pre-site site post-site site-deploy
- 20. Dependency Management • transitive dependency
- 21. Site Generation and Reporting
- 22. POM component • properties • dependencies • plugins • parent • modules • dependencyManagement • pluginManagement
- 23. POM component - properties • centos:~/project # mvn clean package • centos:~/project # mvn clean package - Dmypackage.version=1.2-SNAPSHOT
- 25. POM component - plugins
- 26. Example 2 ref: Maven by Example
- 27. POM component - modules
- 28. POM component - parent
- 29. Optimize POM
- 31. Maven repository • Open Source: – Apache Archiva – JFrog Artifactory Open Source – Sonatype Nexus OSS • Commercial: – JFrog Artifactory Pro – Sonatype Nexus Pro Ref: Best Practice - Using a Repository Manager
- 32. Sonatype Maven repository - installation• # Setup firewall centos:~ # firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8081/tcp – permanent centos:~ # firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http – permanent centos:~ # firewall-cmd –reload • # Download & uncompress package http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/go/ • # Run centos:~ # /opt/nexus/bin/nexus start centos:~ # /opt/nexus/bin/nexus stop centos:~ # /opt/nexus/bin/nexus console • # Browser http://localhost:8081/nexus Administrator (admin/admin123) Depolyment (depolyment/depolyment123)
- 33. Hosted Repository - Nexus Hosted Repository Proxy Repository Virtual Repository Repository Group Snapshot Release
- 34. Hosted Repository - mvn deploy ~/.m2/settings.xml project/pom.xml
- 35. Proxy Repository - Nexus
- 36. Maven Repository – method 1 ~/.m2/settings.xml
- 37. Maven Repository – method 2 ~/.m2/settings.xml
- 39. Maven Project on Jenkins (1)
- 40. Maven Project on Jenkins (2)
- 41. Maven Project on Jenkins (3)
- 42. reference • Apache Maven Project • Maven by Example • Maven Tutorial - TutorialsPoint